无线协议规定的802.11 Deauth报文的Reason Code

本文详细介绍了802.11无线协议中Deauthentication报文的各种Reason Code,包括无具体原因、认证失效、离开网络、不活动导致断开、AP过载等,涵盖从0到535的代码及其含义。

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Code Reason
0 Reserved
1 Unspecific Reason
2 Previous authentication no longer valid
3 Deauthenticated because sending STA is leaving (or has left) IBSS or ESS
4 Disassociated due to inactivity
5 Disassociated because AP is unable to handle all currently associated STAs
6 Class 2 frame received from nonauthenticated STA
7 Class 3 frame received from nonassociated STA
8 Disassociated because sending STA is leaving (or has left) BSS
9 STA requesting (re)association is not authenticated with responding STA
10 Disassociated because the information in the Power Capability element is unacceptable
11 Disassociated because the information in the Supported Channels element is unacceptable
12 Reserved
13 Invalid information element.
14 Message integrity code (MIC) failure
15 4-Way Handshake timeout
16 Group Key Handshake timeout
17 Information element in 4-Way Handshake different from (Re)Association Request/Probe Response/Beacon frame
18 Invalid group cipher or Association denied due to requesting STA not supporting all of the data rates in the BSSBasicRateSet parameter
19 Invalid pairwise cipher
20 Invalid AKMP
21 Unsupported RSN information element version
22 Invalid RSN information element capabilities
23 IEEE 802.1X authentication failed
24 Cipher suite rejected because of the security policy
25-31 Reserved
32 Disassociated for unspecified, QoS-related reason
33 Disassociated because QoS AP lacks sufficient bandwidth for this QoS STA
34 Disassociated because excessive number of frames need to be acknowledged, but are not acknowledged due to AP transmissions and/or poor channel conditions
35 Disassociated because STA is transmitting outside the limits of its TXOPs
36 Requested from peer STA as the STA is leaving the BSS (or resetting)
37 Requested from peer STA as it does not want to use the mechanism
38 Requested from peer STA as the STA received frames using the mechanism for which a setup is required
39 Requested from peer STA due to timeout
45 Peer STA does not support the requested cipher suite
45-65 Reserved
535 Reserved
https://docu.units.it/dokuwiki/_export/xhtml/tabelle:wifi_deauth_reason

<think>嗯,用户这次的问题是关于华三AC频繁出现"Run state中接收到解除关联帧"的分析和解决。这个问题其实和之前讨论的5000错误码属于不同层面的故障——5000是认证层问题,而解除关联帧是关联层异常,需要从无线连接稳定性角度切入。 用户提供的引用材料里其实有重要线索:引用[3]提到ARP病毒可能导致网络异常,而解除关联帧往往和底层网络干扰有关。不过用户更关注技术细节,需要结合华三设备的特性来分析。 从技术层面看,"Received disassociation frame in Run state"表明AP和客户端已建立连接(Run state),但客户端突然发送了解除关联帧。常见触发点有三个方向: 1. **客户端主动行为**:比如用户手动断开Wi-Fi、设备休眠策略、驱动程序故障 2. **网络环境干扰**:ARP欺骗(如引用[3]所述)、射频干扰、弱信号导致的主动断开 3. **AC/AP配置问题**:不合理的超时参数、信道切换策略冲突 特别要注意华三设备的特性:其WLAN视图下的"client keep-alive"功能如果配置过短,会误判在线客户端为离线。另外用户没提到但很关键的一点是——某些型号AP的FIT模式转FAT模式时可能残留异常配置。 解决方案需要分层验证: - 先抓取客户端解除关联时刻的debug日志,重点看AP是否同时发送了deauth帧(可能存在双向通信故障) - 再检查ARP绑定情况,像引用[3]说的用arp static绑定能解决大部分二层攻击 - 最后调整AC的无线服务模板,把客户端老化时间从默认的5分钟延长到20分钟以上 用户可能没意识到的是:这个问题常出现在混合终端环境。比如同时连接IoT设备(发送解除帧不规范)和笔记本时,华三AC某些版本存在兼容性缺陷。需要建议用户升级到最新版CMW7.1.064以上。 突然想到还有个隐藏坑点:如果用户启用了WLAN定位功能,华三AC的"智能漫游"会强制低信号客户端断开,这个行为也会触发解除关联帧。得提醒用户在radio视图下关掉dot11r fast-transition。</think>### H3C AC频繁出现"Run state中接收到解除关联帧"问题分析与解决方案 #### 一、问题本质分析 当华三AC日志出现"**Received disassociation frame in Run state**"时,表明客户端在已建立完整连接的运行状态(802.11 Run State)下突然发送解除关联帧(Disassociation Frame),属于非正常断开连接。该问题直接影响用户业务连续性,常见于以下场景: 1. **客户端主动断开**:用户设备(如手机/笔记本)主动断开连接 2. **网络层干扰**:ARP欺骗、中间人攻击(如引用[3]所述的安全风险) 3. **射频环境异常**:信号干扰、信道冲突导致连接中断 4. **配置策略冲突**:AC/AP的漫游或节能策略触发强制断开 #### 二、核心排查步骤 ##### 1. 定位问题范围 ```bash # 查看具体客户端断开日志 display wlan client mac-address xxxx-xxxx-xxxx verbose # 检查AP射频状态(重点关注信道利用率) display wlan ap name [AP-name] radio 1 ``` - ✅ **关键指标**: - 信道利用率 > 60% 需优化信道规划 - 客户端信号强度(RSSI)<-75dBm 需调整布点 - 重传率 > 10% 表明存在干扰 ##### 2. 网络层安全验证 ```bash # 检查ARP攻击迹象(引用[3]方法) display arp | include Incomplete # 存在大量"Incomplete"条目表明ARP欺骗 # 启用端口安全绑定(引用[3]方案) user-bind mac-ip [MAC] [IP] interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 ``` - **防御措施**: - 启用DHCP Snooping + IP Source Guard - 配置动态ARP检测(DAI) ##### 3. 抓包分析解除关联帧 ```bash # 开启无线抓包(需连接AP控制台) debugging wlan packet client [mac] type disassoc ``` - **帧分析要点**: - Reason Code=3:客户端因离开覆盖范围断开 - Reason Code=8:AP主动解除关联(需检查AC策略) - Reason Code=15:802.1X认证超时(关联5000错误)[^1] #### 三、针对性解决方案 ##### 场景1:射频环境问题 ```bash # 优化信道配置(5GHz优先) wlan service-template 1 channel band 5g # 强制使用5GHz频段 channel auto lock disable # 关闭信道自动锁定 # 调整功率避免同频干扰 radio 1 max-power 20 # 降低发射功率(单位dBm) ``` ##### 场景2:漫游策略冲突 ```bash # 调整漫游敏感度(默认值常触发误断开) wlan option roam-rssi-threshold -65 # 提高漫游触发阈值(单位dBm) roam enable # 确认漫游功能开启 ``` ##### 场景3:安全协议导致断开 ```bash # 检查802.1X超时设置(引用[1]安全风险) dot1x timer handshake-period 30 # 延长握手周期(默认15秒) timer tx-period 20 # 增加EAP报文重传间隔 ``` ##### 场景4:客户端驱动兼容性问题 - **临时规避方案**: ```bash wlan service-template 1 client keep-alive disable # 关闭保活探测(影响部分旧终端) ``` - **根本性解决**:升级客户端无线网卡驱动至最新版 #### 四、防御性配置强化 ```bash # 启用连接稳定性保护(华三特有功能) wlan option client-stability enable client-stability rssi -75 # 低于此值不强制断开 # 防止洪水攻击(引用[1]攻击场景) wlan ids disassociation-flood detect # 检测解除关联帧洪水攻击 ``` > 📌 **关键建议**: > 1. 定期执行`display wlan statistics client disassoc-reason`分析断开原因分布 > 2. 对关键区域AP部署频谱分析(如H3C WS7300系列支持内置频谱分析) > 3. 结合引用[3]的ARP绑定方案,在接入层交换机配置: > ```bash > interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 > ip verify source port-security # 启用端口安全 > ``` [^1]: 参考华三技术手册《H3C无线控制器故障处理指南》"客户端异常断开"章节 [^2]: IEEE 802.11-2020标准"Disassociation Frame Reason Codes"定义 [^3]: 企业无线安全加固白皮书(H3C-SEC-WLAN-2023) ---
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