研究生初试录取系统C语言,研究生初试录取系统c++

一个学期过去了，网课划水一时爽，一直划水一直爽，话不多说，来写写这学期的课程设计吧！

问题描述

研究生考试课程为 4 门，其中数学、外语、政 治为统一命题，而专业基础课则 根据不同的专业由招生学校自行命题。国家对初试录取分数有总分要求(如某一年 要求 4 门课总分应达到 310 分)，另外还有对每门课的最低分数要求(如总分为 100 的试卷最低应达到 40 分，总分为 150 的试卷最低应达到 65 分)。编程统计初试合 格的人数，并按总分由高到低的顺序输出合格考生的信息。

基本要求

程序运行时首先要求输入：考生姓名，准考证号，报考专业，是否应届生，4 门课程(政治、数 学、外语、专业基础课)成绩。这些原始数据应保存到一个文件中。 然后输入：录取的总分要求，各课程的最低分数要求。 输出要求：过线考生的姓名，准考证号，报考专业，是否应届生，4 门课程(政治、数学、外语、专 业基础课)成绩及总分，这些信息应存放到另一个文件中。

测试数据

程序应输入不少于 10 名考生的信息，其中应届生和历届生分别有若干名，并且都有合格和不合 格的情况。

方案思路

person类为基类，拥有姓名、性别、年龄三个保护数据成员，student类公有继承person类，且增加了报考专业、考号、是否应届及政治成绩、数学成绩、英语成绩、专业课成绩七个私有数据成员。standard类拥有各科及总成绩分数线要求作为私有成员，student类作为standard类的友元类，可访问standard的数据，便于完成考生成绩与分数线的比较。文件1保存所有输入的考生信息，文件2保存成绩合格的考生信息，文件3保存成绩不合格的考生信息。主菜单下除了基本的输入考生和分数线外，还包含两个二级菜单，分别为排序和输出，二级菜单排序里分5种规则排序，输出分两种，一个是过线考生，另一个是未过线考生且程序可以在各个菜单之间自由切换。

设计代码

// students.h

#pragma once

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#include

#include

#include "standard.h"

using namespace std;

//基类，保存person的姓名，性别，年龄

class person {

protected:

string name;//姓名

string sex;//性别

int age;//年龄

public:

//带默认参数构造函数

person(string str1 = " ", string str2 = " ", int num = 0) {

name = str1;

sex = str2;

age = num;

}

};

//派生类，公有继承person类，保存student相关信息

class student :public person {

private:

string major;//专业

string id;//考号

string current;//是否应届

int polity;//政治

int math;//数学

int english;//英语

int curscore;//专业课

public:

//带默认参数的构造函数

student(string name1 = " ", string sex1 = " ", int age1 = 0, string major1 = " ", string id1 = " ", string current1 = " ", int polity1 = 0, int math1 = 0, int english1 = 0, int curscore1 = 0) :person(name1, sex1, age1) {

major = major1;

id = id1;

current = current1;

polity = polity1;

math = math1;

english = english1;

curscore = curscore1;

}

//输入类成员信息

void input(string name1, string sex1, int age1, string major1, string id1, string current1, int polity1, int math1, int english1, int curscore1);

//输出类成员信息

void output();

//计算总成绩

int Sum() {

int result = polity + math + english + curscore;

return result;

}

//判断是否达标，达标返回1,否则返回0

int IsOk(standard& obj);

//写入文件1，保存所有学生的信息，成绩

void intofile1();

//写入文件2

void intofile2();

//写入文件2

void intofile3();

//重载输出运算符

friend ostream& operator << (ostream& os, student& p) {

os << "姓名：" << p.name << "\t性别：" << p.sex << "\t年龄：" << p.age << "\t专业：" << p.major << "\t考号：" << p.id << "\t是否应届：" << p.current << "\n政治：" << p.polity << "\t数学：" << p.math << "\t英语：" << p.english << "专业课：" << p.curscore <

return os;

}

//获取私有成员

int Getp() {

return polity;

}

int Getm() {

return math;

}

int Gete() {

return english;

}

int Getc() {

return curscore;

}

//排序函数

friend void Rank1(student arr[], int m);

friend void Rank2(student arr[], int m);

friend void Rank3(student arr[], int m);

friend void Rank4(student arr[], int m);

friend void Rank5(student arr[], int m);

};

// students.cpp

#include //处理文件

#include

#include //包含格式化I/O操作算子

#include

#include "students.h"

using namespace std;

//student类成员

//输入类成员信息

void student::input(string name1, string sex1, int age1, string major1, string id1, string current1, int polity1, int math1, int english1, int curscore1) {

name = name1;

sex = sex1;

age = age1;

major = major1;

id = id1;

current = current1;

polity = polity1;

math = math1;

english = english1;

curscore = curscore1;

}

//输出类成员信息

void student::output() {

cout << "姓名：" << name << endl;

cout << "性别：" << sex << endl;

cout << "年龄：" << age << endl;

cout << "报考专业：" << major << endl;

cout << "准考证号：" << id << endl;

cout << "是否应届生：" << current << endl;

cout << "政治成绩：" << polity << endl;

cout << "数学成绩：" << math << endl;

cout << "英语成绩：" << english << endl;

cout << "专业基础课成绩：" << curscore << endl;

cout << "总成绩：" << Sum() << endl;

}

//判断是否达标，达标返回1,否则返回0

int student::IsOk(standard& obj) {

int result = 0;

//判断是否合格

if (Sum() >= obj.sum_line

&& polity >= obj.polity_line

&& math >= obj.math_line

&& english >= obj.english_line

&& curscore >= obj.curscore_line) {

result = 1;

}

return result;

}

//将类成员写入文件1

void student::intofile1() {

ofstream out;//文件输出流对象，用于写文件

out.open("text1.txt", ios_base::app);//打开文件，每次写入前寻位到流结尾

out << name;

out << "\t";//水平制表符

out << sex;

out << "\t";

out << age;

out << "\t";

out << major;

out << "\t";

out << id;

out << "\t";

out << current;

out << "\t";

out << polity;

out << "\t";

out << math;

out << "\t";

out << english;

out << "\t";

out << curscore << setw(9);//设置域宽

out.close();

}

//将类成员写入文件2

void student::intofile2() {

ofstream out;//文件输出流对象，用于写文件

out.open("text2.txt", ios_base::app);//打开文件，每次写入前寻位到流结尾

out << name;

out << "\t";//水平制表符

out << sex;

out << "\t";

out << age;

out << "\t";

out << major;

out << "\t";

out << id;

out << "\t";

out << current;

out << "\t";

out << polity;

out << "\t";

out << math;

out << "\t";

out << english;

out << "\t";

out << curscore << setw(9);//设置域宽

out.close();

}

//将类成员写入文件2

void student::intofile3() {

ofstream out;//文件输出流对象，用于写文件

out.open("text3.txt", ios_base::app);//打开文件，每次写入前寻位到流结尾

out << name;

out << "\t";//水平制表符

out << sex;

out << "\t";

out << age;

out << "\t";

out << major;

out << "\t";

out << id;

out << "\t";

out << current;

out << "\t";

out << polity;

out << "\t";

out << math;

out << "\t";

out << english;

out << "\t";

out << curscore << setw(9);//设置域宽

out.close();

}

//按总成绩排序

void Rank1(student arr[], int m) {

int i = 0, j = 0;

student tmp;

//由高到低排序

for (i = 0; i < m - 1; i++) {

for (j = i + 1; j < m; j++) {

if (arr[i].Sum() < arr[m].Sum()) {

tmp = arr[i];

arr[i] = arr[m];

arr[m] = tmp;

}

}

}

}

//按政治成绩排序

void Rank2(student arr[], int m) {

int i = 0, j = 0;

student tmp;

//由高到低排序

for (i = 0; i < m - 1; i++) {

for (j = i + 1; j < m; j++) {

if (arr[i].Getp() < arr[m].Getp()) {

tmp = arr[i];

arr[i] = arr[m];

arr[m] = tmp;

}

}

}

}

//按数学成绩排序

void Rank3(student arr[], int m) {

int i = 0, j = 0;

student tmp;

//由高到低排序

for (i = 0; i < m - 1; i++) {

for (j = i + 1; j < m; j++) {

if (arr[i].Getm() < arr[m].Getm()) {

tmp = arr[i];

arr[i] = arr[m];

arr[m] = tmp;

}

}

}

}

//按英语成绩排序

void Rank4(student arr[], int m) {

int i = 0, j = 0;

student tmp;

//由高到低排序

for (i = 0; i < m - 1; i++) {

for (j = i + 1; j < m; j++) {

if (arr[i].Gete() < arr[m].Gete()) {

tmp = arr[i];

arr[i] = arr[m];

arr[m] = tmp;

}

}

}

}

//按专业课成绩排序

void Rank5(student arr[], int m) {

int i = 0, j = 0;

student tmp;

//由高到低排序

for (i = 0; i < m - 1; i++) {

for (j = i + 1; j < m; j++) {

if (arr[i].Getc() < arr[m].Getc()) {

tmp = arr[i];

arr[i] = arr[m];

arr[m] = tmp;

}

}

}

}

// standard.h

#pragma once

#include

using namespace std;

//录取总分及各科最低分数标准

class standard {

private:

//总分100的试卷最低应达到40分，总分150的试卷最低应达到65

int sum_line;//总分线

int polity_line;//政治线

int math_line;//数学线

int english_line;//英语线

int curscore_line;//专业课线

public:

//带默认参数的构造函数

standard(int su1 = 310, int po1 = 40, int ma1 = 65, int en1 = 40, int cu1 = 65) {

sum_line = su1;

polity_line = po1;

math_line = ma1;

english_line = en1;

curscore_line = cu1;

}

//输入函数

void input(int su1, int po1, int ma1, int en1, int cu1) {

sum_line = su1;

polity_line = po1;

math_line = ma1;

english_line = en1;

curscore_line = cu1;

}

friend class student;//定义student类为standard类的友元

};

// main.cpp

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include "standard.h"

#include "students.h"

using namespace std;

void Inputting1() {

student* network;

string name;

string sex;

int age;

string major;

string id;

string current;

int polity;

int math;

int english;

int curscore;

int choice = 0;

int i = 0;

//申请内存空间

network = new student[20];

while (1) {

cout << "您正在输入第 " << i + 1 << " 位学生信息\n" << endl;

cout << "  姓名："; cin >> name; cout << endl;

cout << "  性别："; cin >> sex; cout << endl;

cout << "  年龄："; cin >> age; cout << endl;

cout << "  报考专业："; cin >> major; cout << endl;

cout << "  准考证号："; cin >> id; cout << endl;

cout << "  是否应届生："; cin >> current; cout << endl;

cout << "  政治成绩："; cin >> polity; cout << endl;

cout << "  数学成绩："; cin >> math; cout << endl;

cout << "  英语成绩："; cin >> english; cout << endl;

cout << "  专业基础课成绩："; cin >> curscore; cout << endl;

//输入数据

network[i].input(name, sex, age, major, id, current, polity, math, english, curscore);

//写入文件

network[i].intofile1();

//控制循环是否继续

cout << "是否继续? 0/1  "; cin >> choice;

i++;

system("cls");//清屏

if (choice == 0) {

break;

}

}

}

void Inputting2() {

//用于输入分数要求

standard R;

int sum;

int polity;

int math;

int english;

int curscore;

string name;

string sex;

int age;

string major;

string id;

string current;

int polity1;

int math1;

int english1;

int curscore1;

student aginst;

cout << "请输入：总成绩，政治，数学，英语，专业基础课的标准:\n";

cin >> sum >> polity >> math >> english >> curscore;

ofstream de1("text2.txt", ios_base::trunc);//如果文件存在，清空文件内容

de1.close();

ofstream de2("text3.txt", ios_base::trunc);//如果文件存在，清空文件内容

de2.close();

R.input(sum, polity, math, english, curscore);

ifstream is("text1.txt", ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);

while (!is.eof()) {

is >> name;

is >> sex;

is >> age;

is >> major;

is >> id;

is >> current;

is >> polity1;

is >> math1;

is >> english1;

is >> curscore1;

aginst.input(name, sex, age, major, id, current, polity1, math1, english1, curscore1);

if (aginst.IsOk(R) == 1) {//将过线学生保存到“text2.txt”

//aginst.output();

aginst.intofile2();

}

else {

aginst.intofile3();

}

}

is.close();

}

void See1() {

string name;

string sex;

int age;

string major;

string id;

string current;

int polity;

int math;

int english;

int curscore;

student* aginst;

int i = 0;

aginst = new student[20];

ifstream in("text2.txt", ios_base::in);//为读打开

while (!in.eof()) {

in >> name;

in >> sex;

in >> age;

in >> major;

in >> id;

in >> current;

in >> polity;

in >> math;

in >> english;

in >> curscore;

aginst[i].input(name, sex, age, major, id, current, polity, math, english, curscore);

i += 1;

/* if(out.eof()==0){

break;

}

*/

}

Rank1(aginst, i-1);

cout << endl;

for (int k = 0; k < i; k++) {

cout << aginst[k] << endl;

}

in.close();

}

void See2() {

string name;

string sex;

int age;

string major;

string id;

string current;

int polity;

int math;

int english;

int curscore;

student* aginst;

int i = 0;

aginst = new student[20];

ifstream in("text2.txt", ios_base::in);//为读打开

while (!in.eof()) {

in >> name;

in >> sex;

in >> age;

in >> major;

in >> id;

in >> current;

in >> polity;

in >> math;

in >> english;

in >> curscore;

aginst[i].input(name, sex, age, major, id, current, polity, math, english, curscore);

i += 1;

/* if(out.eof()==0){

break;

}

*/

}

Rank2(aginst, i - 1);

cout << endl;

for (int k = 0; k < i - 1; k++) {

cout << aginst[k] << endl;

}

in.close();

}

void See3() {

string name;

string sex;

int age;

string major;

string id;

string current;

int polity;

int math;

int english;

int curscore;

student* aginst;

int i = 0;

aginst = new student[20];

ifstream in("text2.txt", ios_base::in);//为读打开

while (!in.eof()) {

in >> name;

in >> sex;

in >> age;

in >> major;

in >> id;

in >> current;

in >> polity;

in >> math;

in >> english;

in >> curscore;

aginst[i].input(name, sex, age, major, id, current, polity, math, english, curscore);

i += 1;

/* if(out.eof()==0){

break;

}

*/

}

Rank3(aginst, i - 1);

cout << endl;

for (int k = 0; k < i - 1; k++) {

cout << aginst[k] << endl;

}

in.close();

}

void See4() {

string name;

string sex;

int age;

string major;

string id;

string current;

int polity;

int math;

int english;

int curscore;

student* aginst;

int i = 0;

aginst = new student[20];

ifstream in("text2.txt", ios_base::in);//为读打开

while (!in.eof()) {

in >> name;

in >> sex;

in >> age;

in >> major;

in >> id;

in >> current;

in >> polity;

in >> math;

in >> english;

in >> curscore;

aginst[i].input(name, sex, age, major, id, current, polity, math, english, curscore);

i += 1;

/* if(out.eof()==0){

break;

}

*/

}

Rank4(aginst, i - 1);

cout << endl;

for (int k = 0; k < i - 1; k++) {

cout << aginst[k] << endl;

}

in.close();

}

void See5() {

string name;

string sex;

int age;

string major;

string id;

string current;

int polity;

int math;

int english;

int curscore;

student* aginst;

int i = 0;

aginst = new student[20];

ifstream in("text2.txt", ios_base::in);//为读打开

while (!in.eof()) {

in >> name;

in >> sex;

in >> age;

in >> major;

in >> id;

in >> current;

in >> polity;

in >> math;

in >> english;

in >> curscore;

aginst[i].input(name, sex, age, major, id, current, polity, math, english, curscore);

i += 1;

/* if(out.eof()==0){

break;

}

*/

}

Rank5(aginst, i - 1);

cout << endl;

for (int k = 0; k < i - 1; k++) {

cout << aginst[k] << endl;

}

in.close();

}

void Seefile2() {

string name;

string sex;

int age;

string major;

string id;

string current;

int polity;

int math;

int english;

int curscore;

student* aginst;

int i = 0;

aginst = new student[20];

ifstream in("text2.txt", ios_base::in);//为读打开

while (!in.eof()) {

in >> name;

in >> sex;

in >> age;

in >> major;

in >> id;

in >> current;

in >> polity;

in >> math;

in >> english;

in >> curscore;

aginst[i].input(name, sex, age, major, id, current, polity, math, english, curscore);

i += 1;

/* if(out.eof()==0){

break;

}

*/

}

Rank1(aginst, i - 1);

cout << endl;

for (int k = 0; k < i; k++) {

cout << aginst[k] << endl;

}

in.close();

}

void Seefile3() {

string name;

string sex;

int age;

string major;

string id;

string current;

int polity;

int math;

int english;

int curscore;

student* aginst;

int i = 0;

aginst = new student[20];

ifstream in("text3.txt", ios_base::in);//为读打开

while (!in.eof()) {

in >> name;

in >> sex;

in >> age;

in >> major;

in >> id;

in >> current;

in >> polity;

in >> math;

in >> english;

in >> curscore;

aginst[i].input(name, sex, age, major, id, current, polity, math, english, curscore);

i += 1;

/* if(out.eof()==0){

break;

}

*/

}

Rank1(aginst, i-1);

cout << endl;

for (int k = 0; k < i; k++) {

cout << aginst[k] << endl;

}

in.close();

}

int main() {

breakhere1:

breakhere2:

int choice1, choice2;//控制选项

do {

cout << endl;

cout << "****欢迎使用研究生初试录取系统****" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "\t请选择所需功能:" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "\t1.输入学生初始信息" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "\t2.输入当年分数要求" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "\t3.排序考生信息" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "\t4.输出考生信息" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "**********************************" << endl;

cout << "\n请您输入：";

cin >> choice1;

switch (choice1) {

case 1:

system("cls");

Inputting1();//输入学生初始信息

break;

case 2:

system("cls");

Inputting2();//输入分数线

break;

case 3:

system("cls");

int num1,num2;

do {

cout << "********************" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "1.按总成绩排序查看" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "2.按政治成绩排序查看" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "3.按数学成绩排序查看" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "4.按英语成绩排序查看" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "5.按专业课成绩排序查看" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "6.返回" << endl;

cout << "********************" << endl;

cout << "\n请您输入：";

cin >> num1;

switch (num1) {

case 1:

system("cls");

See1();

break;

case 2:

system("cls");

See2();

break;

case 3:

system("cls");

See3();

break;

case 4:

system("cls");

See4();

break;

case 5:

system("cls");

See5();

break;

case 6:

system("cls");

goto breakhere1;

default:

break;

}

cout << endl;

cout << "***返回上级菜单请按 0 !***" << endl;

cout << "\n请您输入：";

cin >> num2;

} while (num2 == 0);

break;

case 4:

system("cls");

int num3, num4;

do {

system("cls");

cout << "********************" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "1.输出过线考生" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "2.输出未过线考生" << endl;

cout << endl;

cout << "3.返回" << endl;

cout << "********************" << endl;

cout << "\n请您输入：";

cin >> num3;

switch (num3) {

case 1:

system("cls");

Seefile2();

break;

case 2:

system("cls");

Seefile3();

break;

case 3:

system("cls");

goto breakhere2;

default:

break;

}

cout << endl;

cout << "***返回上级菜单请按 0 !***" << endl;

cout << "\t请您输入：";

cin >> num4;

} while (num4 == 0);

default:

break;

}

cout << endl;

cout << "***返回上级菜单请按 0 !***" << endl;

cout << "\n请您输入：";

cin >> choice2;

system("cls");

} while (choice2 == 0);

return 0;

}

总结

好啦，程序就介绍到这里，给大家看看运行的截图！

That’s all.