rabbitMQ学习笔记

一、学习资料

• 官网教程
• RabbitMQ教程
• 交换机类型
• 视频学习
• 云盘资源
• 应用场景

二、springboot整合rabbitMQ

1. 添加依赖

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
       <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2. 配置文件：application.properties

spring.rabbitmq.addresses=localhost:5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000
#开启 confirm 确认机制
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
#开启 return 确认机制
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
#设置为 true 后 消费者在消息没有被路由到合适队列情况下会被return监听，而不会自动删除
spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true
#消息接收确认--手动确认
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual
#消费者数量
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.concurrency=5
#最大消费者数量
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.max-concurrency=10

# 自定义配置queue，exchange的属性
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name=queue-2
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name=exchange-2
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type=topic
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key=springboot.*

3. 创建entity类

//实现Serializable
public class Order implements Serializable {

	private String id;
	private String name;
	
	public Order() {
	}
	public Order(String id, String name) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

}

4. 生产者

import com.example.rabbitmq.entity.Order;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.support.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageHeaders;
import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Map;

@Component
public class RabbitSender {

	//自动注入RabbitTemplate模板类
	@Autowired
	private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
	
	//回调函数: confirm确认
	final ConfirmCallback confirmCallback = new ConfirmCallback() {
		@Override
		public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
			System.err.println("correlationData: " + correlationData);
			System.err.println("ack: " + ack);
			if(!ack){
				System.err.println("异常处理....");
			}else{
				//ack==true可以做数据持久化
			}
		}
	};

	//回调函数: return返回
	final ReturnCallback returnCallback = new ReturnCallback() {
		@Override
		public void returnedMessage(org.springframework.amqp.core.Message message, int replyCode, String replyText,
				String exchange, String routingKey) {
			System.err.println("return exchange: " + exchange + ", routingKey: " 
				+ routingKey + ", replyCode: " + replyCode + ", replyText: " + replyText);
		}
	};
	
	//发送消息方法调用: 构建Message消息
	public void send(Object message, Map<String, Object> properties) throws Exception {
		MessageHeaders mhs = new MessageHeaders(properties);
		Message msg = MessageBuilder.createMessage(message, mhs);
		rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback);
		rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(returnCallback);
		//id + 时间戳 全局唯一 
		CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("1234567890");
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange-1", "springboot.abc", msg, correlationData);
	}
	
	//发送消息方法调用: 构建自定义对象消息
	public void sendOrder(Order order) throws Exception {
		rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback);
		rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(returnCallback);
		//id + 时间戳 全局唯一 
		CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("0987654321");
		rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange-2", "springboot.def", order, correlationData);
	}
	
}

5. 消费者

import com.example.rabbitmq.entity.Order;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.AmqpHeaders;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Headers;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Payload;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Map;
@Component
public class RabbitReceiver {
	@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
			value = @Queue(value = "queue-1",
			durable="true"),
			exchange = @Exchange(value = "exchange-1",
			durable="true", 
			type= "topic", 
			ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true"),
			key = "springboot.*"
			)
	)
	@RabbitHandler
	public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
		System.err.println("--------------------------------------");
		System.err.println("消费端Payload: " + message.getPayload());
		Long deliveryTag = (Long)message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG);
		//手工ACK
		channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
	}
	
	@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
			value = @Queue(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name}",
			durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable}"),
			exchange = @Exchange(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name}",
			durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable}", 
			type= "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type}", 
			ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions}"),
			key = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key}"
			)
	)
	@RabbitHandler
	public void onOrderMessage(@Payload Order order,
			Channel channel,
			@Headers Map<String, Object> headers) throws Exception {
		System.err.println("--------------------------------------");
		System.err.println("消费端order: " + order.getId());
		Long deliveryTag = (Long)headers.get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG);
		//手工ACK
		channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
	}
	
}

6. 测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitmqApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitSender rabbitSender;
    
    private static SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");

    @Test
    public void testSender1() throws Exception {
        Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<>();
        properties.put("number", "12345");
        properties.put("send_time", simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()));
        rabbitSender.send("Hello RabbitMQ For Spring Boot!", properties);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSender2() throws Exception {
        Order order = new Order("001", "第一个订单");
        rabbitSender.sendOrder(order);
    }
}