SpringMVC跨服务器文件上传及出现的问题分析

最新推荐文章于 2020-04-15 11:32:16 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何使用Spring MVC在不同服务器间进行文件上传，包括项目架构、Maven配置、前端页面设计、文件解析器配置及跨服务器上传的实现。

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项目架构：
本例以上传图片为例：
首先Maven方式创建fileupload、fileuploadserver两个web项目，前者为应用服务器，后者为图片服务器。
在创建项目中将Maven依赖库的源换为国内的。
在这里插入图片描述
导入依赖jar包，实现文件的上传、跨服

以下为pom.xml文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.it</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc_day01_01_start</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc_day02_02_foleupload Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
      <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
      <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
      <artifactId>jersey-core</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
      <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.1</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc_day01_01_start</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

应用服务器fileupload

前端测试页面
注意：1、form 表单的 enctype 取值必须是：multipart/form-data(默认值是:application/x-www-form-urlencoded) enctype:是表单请求正文的类型
2、method 属性取值必须是 Post

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

   <%-- <h3>文件上传</h3>
   <form action="/user/fileUpload1" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload" /><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传"/>
    </form>--%>

   <%-- <h3>文件上传</h3>
    <form action="/user/fileUpload2" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload" /><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传"/>
    </form>--%>


   <h3>文件上传</h3>
   <form action="/user/fileUpload3" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
       选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload" /><br/>
       <input type="submit" value="上传"/>
   </form>

</body>
</html>

配置文件上传解析器：

<!-- 配置文件上传解析器 -->

<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <!--设置上传文件的最大尺寸为 10MB-->
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"></property>
</bean>
注意：文件上传的解析器 id 是固定的，不能起别的名称，
否则无法实现请求参数的绑定。（不光是文件，其他字段也将无法绑定）

xml文件配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.it"></context:component-scan>

    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>



    <!--告诉控制器，那些静态资源不拦截
		如要使用此模块，请在创建WEB-INF下创建images、css、js文件，不然会报错
    -->
    <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"></mvc:resources> <!--图片-->
    <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"></mvc:resources>  <!--css-->
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"></mvc:resources>    <!--JavaScript-->

    <!--配置文件解析器-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!--设置上传文件的最大尺寸为 5MB-->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--开启mvc注解支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

success.jsp页面：
路径：/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp

 <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h3>success</h3>
    </body>
    </html>

web.xml文件配置:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!--配置解决中文乱码-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--配置mapperhandler等控制器-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--项目启动优化-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

测试代码：

package com.it.controller;

import com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.util.UUID;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController3 {

    /*跨服务器文件上传*/
    @RequestMapping("/fileUpload3")
    public String fileUpload3(MultipartFile upload) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("跨服务器上传");
        /*定义文件服务器路径*/
        String path = "http://localhost:9090/uploads/";
        /*说明为上传文件项*/
        //获取上传文件名
        String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
        String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
        filename = uuid + "_" + filename;
        /*完成文件跨服务器上传*/
        //创建客户端对象
        Client client = Client.create();
        //图片和服务器连接
        WebResource webResource = client.resource(path+filename);
        //上传文件
        webResource.put(upload.getBytes());
        return "success";
    }

}

图片服务器fileuploadserver

index.jsp页面：

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello fileupload server</h2>
</body>
</html>

可能出现的问题：403、405、409

解决方案：
403：在tomcat的conf下的web.xml文件中readonly false****

  <servlet>
      	<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
       	<servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
               <param-name>debug</param-name>
               <param-value>0</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
               <param-name>readonly</param-name>
                <param-value>false</param-value>
        </init-param>
         <init-param>
               <param-name>listings</param-name>
               <param-value>false</param-value>
         </init-param>
         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

405/409在自己本地fileuploadservice目录下target\fileuploadservice创建uploads文件夹即可。
注意喔：以上操作完需重新部署项目（可以清理一下浏览器的缓存）。重新启动就可完成图片的跨服上传。