Tomcat
准备工作
JDK环境安装
# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk //安装JDK
# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless //安装JDK
# java -version //查看JAVA版本
tomcat环境安装
# tar -xf apache-tomcat-8.0.30.tar.gz
# mv apache-tomcat-8.0.30 /usr/local/tomcat
# ls /usr/local/tomcat
bin/ //主程序目录
lib/ //库文件目录
logs/ //日志目录
temp/ //临时目录
work/ //自动编译目录jsp代码转换servlet
conf/ //配置文件目录
webapps/ //页面目录
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh //启动服务
# ss -nutlp |grep java //查看java监听的端口
tcp 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 2778/java
tcp 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 2778/java
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 2778/java
# firefox http://192.168.2.100:8080 //测试访问
修改tomcat配置文件
创建JSP测试页面并测试
# vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/test.jsp //编写基于java语言的动态页面
<html>
<body>
<center>
Now time is: <%=new java.util.Date()%> //显示服务器当前时间
</center>
</body>
</html>
# firefox http://192.168.2.100:8080
# firefox http://192.168.2.100:8080/test.jsp
虚拟主机
- 实现两个基于域名的虚拟主机,域名分别为:www.a.com和 www.b.com
- 使用www.a.com域名访问的页面根路径为/usr/local/tomcat/a/ROOT
- 使用www.b.com域名访问的页面根路径为/usr/local/tomcat/b/base
- 访问www.a.com/test时,页面自动跳转到/var/www/html目录下的页面
- 访问页面时支持SSL加密通讯
- 私钥、证书存储路径为/usr/local/tomcat/conf/cert
- 每个虚拟主机都拥有独立的访问日志文件
- 配置tomcat集群环境
实现:
修改server.xml配置文件,创建两个域名的虚拟主机,修改如下两个参数块:
# cat /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Server>
<Service>
<Connector port=8080 />
<Connector port=8009 />
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
<Host name="www.a.com" appBase="a" unpackWARS="true" autoDeploy="true">
</Host>
<Host name="www.b.com" appBase="b" unpackWARS="true" autoDeploy="true">
</Host>
… …
创建虚拟主机对应的页面根路径
# mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat/{a,b}/ROOT
# echo "AAA" > /usr/local/tomcat/a/ROOT/index.html
# echo "BBB" > /usr/local/tomcat/b/ROOT/index.html
重启tomcat服务
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
测试访问
# vim /etc/hosts
… …
192.168.2.100 www.a.com www.b.com
[root@proxy ~]# firefox http://www.a.com:8080/ //注意访问的端口为8080
[root@proxy ~]# firefox http://www.b.com:8080/
修改www.b.com网站的首页目录为base
# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
… …
<Host name="www.a.com" appBase="a" unpackWARS="true" autoDeploy="true">
</Host>
<Host name="www.b.com" appBase="b" unpackWARS="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context path="" docBase="base"/>
</Host>
… …
[root@web1 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/b/base
[root@web1 ~]# echo "BASE" > /usr/local/tomcat/b/base/index.html
[root@web1 ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[root@web1 ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
# firefox http://www.b.com:8080/ //结果为base目录下的页面内容
跳转 当用户访问http://www.a.com/test打开/var/www/html目录下的页面
# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
… …
<Host name="www.a.com" appBase="a" unpackWARS="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context path="/test" docBase="/var/www/html/" />
</Host>
<Host name="www.b.com" appBase="b" unpackWARS="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context path="" docBase="base" />
</Host>
… …
# echo "Test" > /var/www/html/index.html
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
firefox http://www.a.com:8080/test
//返回/var/www/html/index.html的内容
//注意,访问的端口为8080
创建加密用的私钥和证书文件
# keytool -genkeypair -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA -keystore /usr/local/tomcat/keystore //提示输入密码为:123456
//-genkeypair 生成密钥对
//-alias tomcat 密钥别名
//-keyalg RSA 定义密钥算法为RSA算法
//-keystore 定义密钥文件存储在:/usr/local/tomcat/keystore
再次修改server.xml配置文件,创建支持加密连接的Connector
vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
… …
<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true"
keystoreFile="/usr/local/tomcat/keystore" keystorePass="123456" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />
//备注,默认这段Connector被注释掉了,打开注释,添加密钥信息即可
重启服务器
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
客户端设置host文件,并浏览测试页面进行测试(proxy充当客户端角色)
vim /etc/hosts
… …
192.168.2.100 www.a.com www.b.com
# firefox https://www.a.com:8443/
# firefox https://www.b.com:8443/
# firefox https://192.168.2.100:8443/
为每个虚拟主机设置不同的日志文件
# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
.. ..
<Host name="www.a.com" appBase="a" unpackWARS="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context path="/test" docBase="/var/www/html/" />
#从默认localhost虚拟主机中把Valve这段复制过来,适当修改下即可
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="a_access" suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
<Host name="www.b.com" appBase="b" unpackWARS="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context path="" docBase="base" />
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="b_access" suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
.. ..
重启后查看
ls /usr/local/tomcat/logs/
集群 参考nginx中的设置
#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
http{
upstream toms {
server 192.168.2.100:8080;
server 192.168.2.200:8080;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
proxy_pass http://toms;
}
}
}