python3 全局热键_如何在具有3个参数的Windows上创建全局热键？

对于任何对细节感兴趣的人和一个更详细的关于这个主题的例子，我最近编写了一个简短的程序来演示win32con提供的热键函数。程序允许您通过命令行指定和测试任何热键：Usage:python.exe hotkey.py MOD_ALT VK_UP -> test hotkey ALT + Arrow UP# Imports

import win32con

import ctypes, ctypes.wintypes

import sys

#

# Functions

#

def dispatch_hotkey(msg):

mod = msg.lParam & 0b1111111111111111

key = msg.lParam >> 16

bit = bin(msg.lParam)[2:]

print("\n*** Received hotkey message (wParam: %d, lParam: %d)" % (msg.wParam, msg.lParam))

print("lParam bitmap: %s" % bit)

print("lParam low-word (modifier): %d, high-word (key): %d" % (mod, key))

print("-> Hotkey %s with modifier %s detected\n" % (keys[key], mods[mod]))

#

# Main

#

# Build translation maps (virtual key codes / modifiers to string)

# Note: exec() is a hack and should not be used in real programs!!

print("\n*** Building translation maps")

mods = {}

keys = {}

for item in dir(win32con):

if item.startswith("MOD_"):

exec("mods[item] = win32con." + item)

exec("mods[win32con." + item + "] = '" + item + "'")

if item.startswith("VK_"):

exec("keys[item] = win32con." + item)

exec("keys[win32con." + item + "] = '" + item + "'")

# Process command line

print("\n*** Processing command line")

mod = "MOD_WIN"

key = "VK_ESCAPE"

for param in sys.argv:

if param.startswith("MOD_"):

if param in mods: mod = param

else: print("\nInvalid modifier specified (%s). Using default.\n-> Use '--list-mods' for a list of valid modifiers." % param)

if param.startswith("VK_"):

if param in keys: key = param

else: print("\nInvalid key specified (%s). Using default.\n-> Use '--list-keys' for a list of valid keys." % param)

if "--list-mods" in sys.argv:

print("\nAvailable modifiers:")

for item in dir(win32con):

if item.startswith("MOD_"): sys.stdout.write(item + ", ")

print("\b\b ")

if "--list-keys" in sys.argv:

print("\nAvailable keys:")

for item in dir(win32con):

if item.startswith("VK_"): sys.stdout.write(item + ", ")

print("\b\b ")

# Register hotkey

print("\n*** Registering global hotkey (modifier: %s, key: %s)" % (mod, key))

ctypes.windll.user32.RegisterHotKey(None, 1, mods[mod], keys[key])

# Wait for hotkey to be triggered

print("\n*** Waiting for hotkey message...")

try:

msg = ctypes.wintypes.MSG()

while ctypes.windll.user32.GetMessageA(ctypes.byref(msg), None, 0, 0) != 0:

if msg.message == win32con.WM_HOTKEY:

dispatch_hotkey(msg)

break

ctypes.windll.user32.TranslateMessage(ctypes.byref(msg))

ctypes.windll.user32.DispatchMessageA(ctypes.byref(msg))

# Unregister hotkey

finally:

ctypes.windll.user32.UnregisterHotKey(None, 1)

请注意，此程序仅用于演示目的，因为程序的一部分(例如exec函数)不应在生产环境中使用。还要注意，使用这种方法，您将无法覆盖内置热键(如WIN+E等)，它们将被忽略，并且仍然执行内置功能(如打开资源管理器)。

另一种方式(由@martineau提供)

以下是如何在不使用exec()的情况下构建转换映射：print("\n*** Building translation maps")

mods = {}

keys = {}

for item, value in vars(win32con).items():

if item.startswith("MOD_"):

mods[item] = value

mods[value] = item

elif item.startswith("VK_"):

keys[item] = value

keys[value] = item