linux7 vnc 黑屏,CentOS7安装vncserver（启动失败及连接黑屏解决办法）(示例代码)

一.安装

以root用户运行以下命令来安装vncserver;

yum install tigervnc-server

同样运行以下命令来安装vncviewer;

yum install vnc

停止并禁用防火墙；

systemctl stop firewalld.service

systemctl disable firewalld.service

二.配置

vncviewer基本上不用配置；

vncserver的配置，创建一个新的配置文件，以开启1号窗口为例(也可以同时开启多个窗口，修改数字即可)，方法如下：

cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /lib/systemd/system/[email protected]:1.service

或者再增加一个窗口：

cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /lib/systemd/system/[email protected]:2.service

编辑/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]:1.service,设置用户root相关参数,最终内容如下：

[Unit]

Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)

After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]

Type=forking

#Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment

ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c ‘/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :‘

ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"

PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H%i.pid

ExecStop=/bin/sh -c ‘/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :‘

1.设置为非root用户报错：

[[email protected] system]# systemctl status -l [email protected]:2.service

[email protected]:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)

Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/[email protected]:2.service; enabled; vendor preset:

disabled)

Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2016-04-25 19:07:23 CST; 7s ago

Process: 10305 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l fang -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited,

status=1/FAILURE)

Process: 10291 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :

(code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

?4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...

4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [email protected]:2.service: control process

exited, code=exited status=1

4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service

(VNC).

4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit [email protected]:2.service entered failed

state.

4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [email protected]:2.service failed.

2.Type=forking报错，改为Type=simple

[[email protected] system]# systemctl start [email protected]:2.service

Job for [email protected]:2.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See

"systemctl status [email protected]:2.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

[[email protected] system]# systemctl status -l [email protected]:2.service

● [email protected]:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)

Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/[email protected]:2.service; enabled; vendor preset:

disabled)

Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2016-04-25 19:09:41 CST; 6s ago

Process: 12367 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l root -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited,

status=98)

Process: 12354 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :

(code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

?4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...

4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [email protected]:2.service: control process

exited, code=exited status=98

4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service

(VNC).

4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit [email protected]:2.service entered failed

state.

4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [email protected]:2.service failed.

3.vnc viewer客户端连接黑屏

改变xstartup的权限

这个问题是很多人容易忽视的问题，也是造成连接成功后黑屏的原因之一。

在CentOS中，xstartup的文件路径为：/root/.vnc/ (可以通过locate xstartup来查看xstartup的文件路径)

所以需要执行：chmod 777 /root/.vnc/xstartup