人工智能（AI）致力于构建能执行智能任务的系统，尤其是计算机系统。专家系统作为AI研究的一个焦点，利用编码知识来解决特定领域的复杂问题，如化学分析、计算机配置和医疗诊断。这些系统能够解释其推理过程，增强用户接受度并帮助人类专家发现错误。关键特征包括使用知识而非数据来控制解决方案，以及将知识与控制程序分离存储。当前的研究侧重于赋予系统解释其推理的能力，以提高咨询对话的透明度。
英文原文
Artificial Intelligence
Advanced Idea ,Anticipating Incomparability on Artificial Intelligence.
Artificial intelligence(AI) is the field of engineering that builds systems ,primarily computer systems ,to perform tasks requiring intelligence .This field of research has often set itself ambitious goals, seeking to build machines that can outlook humans in particular domains of skill and knowledge ,and has achieved some success in this.The key aspects of intelligence around which AI research is usually focused include expert system ,industrial robotics,systems and languages language understanding ,learning ,and game playing,etc.
Expert System
An expert system is a set of programs that manipulate encoded knowledge to solve problems in a specialized domain that normally requires human expertise . Typically,the user interacts with an expert system in a consultation dialogue,just as he would interact with a human who had some type of expertise,explaining his problem,performing suggested tests,and asking questions about proposed solutions. Current experimental systems have achieved high levels of performance in consultation tasks like chemical and geological data analysis,computer system configuration,structural engineering,and even medical diagnosis.Expert systems can be viewed as intermediaries between human experts,who interact with the systems in knowledge acquisition mode ,and human users who interact with the systems in consultation mode. Furthermore ,much research in this area of AI has focused on endowing these systems with the ability to explain their reasoning,both to make the consultation more acceptable to the user and to help the human expert find errors in the system?s reasoning when they occur.Here are the features of expert systems:
① Expert systems use knowledge rather than data to control the solution process.
② The know is encoded and maintained as an entity separated from
the control program.Furthermore,it is possible in some cases to use diff
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