(Highlight) Bandgap Tuning of Two-Dimensional Materials by Sphere Diameter Engineering
Mengqi Zeng#, Jinxin Liu#, Lu Zhou, Rafael G. Mendes, Yongqi Dong, Min-Ye Zhang, Zhi-Hao Cui, Zhonghou Cai, Zhan Zhang, Daming Zhu, Tieying Yang, Xiaolong Li, Jianqiang Wang, Liang Zhao, Guoxian Chen, Hong Jiang, Mark H. Rümmeli, Hua Zhou*, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 25 February 2020
Developing a precise and reproducible bandgap-tuning method that enables tailored design of materials is of crucial importance for optoelectronic devices. Toward this end, we report a sphere diameter engineering (SDE) technique to manipulate the bandgap of two-dimensional materials. This SDE technique showing good precision, uniformity, and reproducibility with high efficiency may further accelerate the potential applications of 2D materials.
Liquid Metals: A Novel Possibility of Fabricating Two-Dimensional Metal Oxides
Shasha Zhao#, Jiaqian Zhang#, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 26 November 2020
Recent Advances in the fabrication of 2DMOs via liquid metals are comprehensively reviewed. The introduction of progress in fabricating 2DMOs by virtue of the features of liquid metals improves diversity in the developments and applications of 2DMOs. The current challenges concerning the fabrication of 2DMOs are discussed to promote future research.
Surface Chemistry of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals
Yiran Ding#, Mengqi Zeng#, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 5 November 2020
The surface of liquid metals plays a critical role in establishing thermodynamic equilibria (both mass and energy) at the interface between liquid metal and air. The exploration on the surface structure and electronic property of liquid metals triggers a new field of liquid metal surface chemistry system, which is indispensable for researching scientific phenomena and developing practical technologies.
Universal Growth of Ultra-Thin III-V Semiconductor Single Crystals
Yunxu Chen#, Jinxin Liu#, Mengqi Zeng#, Fangyun Lu, Tianrui Lv, Yuan Chang, Haihui Lan, Bin Wei, Rong Sun, Junfeng Gao, Zhongchang Wang, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 8 August 2020
Ultra-thin III–V semiconductors, which exhibit intriguing characteristics, such as two-dimensional (2D) electron gas, enhanced electron-hole interaction strength, and strongly polarized light emission, have always been anticipated in future electronics. We report the growth of a majority of ultra-thin III–V single crystals, ranging from ultra-narrow to wide bandgap semiconductors, through enhancing the interfacial interaction between the III–V crystals and the growth substrates to proceed the 2D layer-by-layer growth mode.
Moiré is More: Access to New Properties of Two-Dimensional Layered Materials
Yao Xiao#, Jinglu Liu#, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 28 July 2020
With periodic moiré patterns, moiré superlattices can induce structural altering and band transformations, resulting in new phenomena including moiré phonons, moiré exitons, topological phase transition, unconventional superconducting or Mott insulating. The review will introduce the origin and the modulation of moiré superlattices, and summarize several series of new properties discovered in 2D layered materials.
Ultrathin High-κ Antimony Oxide Single Crystals
Kena Yang#, Tao Zhang#, Bin Wei#, Yijia Bai#, Shuangfeng Jia, Guanghui Cao, Renhui Jiang, Chunbo Zhang, Enlai Gao, Xuejiao Chang, Juntao Li, Simo Li, Daming Zhu, Renzhong Tai, Hua Zhou, Jianbo Wang, Mengqi Zeng, Zhongchang Wang*, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 19 May 2020
The ultrathin oxide nanosheets obtained through previous approaches usually exhibit amorphism or polycrystallinity, which limit their properties towards electronic devices. Here, we synthesize ultrathin antimony oxide single crystals with high dielectric constant (~100) and large breakdown voltage (~5.7 GV m−1).
Touch-Ablation of Lithium Dendrites via Liquid Metal for High-Rate and Long-Lived Batteries
Wenjie Wang#, Xiaohui Zhu#, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 21 May 2020
A Ga-based defense layer (GDL) was proposed to protect lithium anodes during long-term cycling by touch-ablation of dendrites. Once dendrites pierce into the GDL, liquid metal will be activated to eliminate uneven deposited Li, stopping upward growth of dendrites. Embrittlement phenomenon, for the first time, was used to suppress dendrites.
Phase Engineering of High-Entropy Alloys
Xuejiao Chang#, Mengqi Zeng#, Keli Liu, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 26 February 2020
Phase engineering of high-entropy alloys is comprehensively reviewed. HEAs with rich constituent elements exhibit many remarkable properties which are greatly influenced by phase structure. For further exploring the property of HEAs, the controllable synthesis with desired phases is highly required. The diverse phase structures, phase tuning strategies, and property adjusting of phase-engineered HEAs will be presented and discussed in depth.
A Bright Future for Liquid Functional Materials?
Yiran Ding#, Mengqi Zeng#, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 06 November 2019
While immersed in science fiction movies and novels, we marvel at the wild imagination. In fact, there are certain scientific principles in these artistic representations. Liquid functional materials open up new perspectives for our understanding of this fluid world. This opinion briefly discussed the fact that liquid functional materials offer unlimited possibilities, including preparation of new materials, biomedicine, self-healing, sensing, artificial intelligence, etc., in a variety of frontier fields.
Molecular Scaffold Growth of Two-Dimensional Strong-Interlayer-Bonding Layered Materials
Mengqi Zeng#, Yunxu Chen#, Enze Zhang, Jiaxu Li, Rafael G. Mendes, Xiahan Sang, Shulin Luo, Wenmei Ming, Yuhao Fu, Mao-Hua Du, Lijun Zhang, David S. Parker, Raymond R. Unocic, Kai Xiao, Chenglai Wang, Tao Zhang, Yao Xiao, Mark H. Rümmeli, Faxian Xiu, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 05 March 2019
We present a precise bottom-up synthesis strategy for obtaining 2D ultrathin interlayer-bonding-layered single crystals via the design of a molecular scaffold. We took Mo2GaC, a typical kind of MAX phase, as an example. We preset a precise molecular scaffold-an ultrathin crystalline Ga2O3 layer-to achieve a confined chemical reaction. Based on a designed molecular scaffold, the ultrathin Mo2GaC single crystals can be obtained during a chemical vapor deposition process.
Novel Insights and Perspectives into Weakly Coupled ReS2 towards Emerging Applications
Qin Zhang, Lei Fu*
First Published: 13 December 2018
The weak coupling offered by ReS2 and the potential for tuned properties make it stand out from the TMDs and relevant materials in the current two-dimensional layered-materials age. On the basis of its layer-independent properties, this review highlights the weak coupling feature of ReS2 and the emerging applications ranging from energy-related applications to smart devices. The possible future directions and challenges are also discussed.
Controllable Growth of Graphene on Liquid Surfaces
Jinxin Liu, Lei Fu*
First published: 09 December 2018
Controllable fabrication of graphene is necessary for its practical application. Here, the growth process of graphene on a liquid surface to promote the development of attractive liquid CVD strategies is in focus. The exciting progress in controlled growth, etching, self-assembly, and delivery of graphene on a liquid surface is presented and discussed in depth. In addition, prospects and further developments in these exciting fields of graphene growth on a liquid surface are discussed.
Disassembly of 2D Vertical Heterostructures
Yao Xiao#, Tao Zhang#, Mengyue Zhou#, Zheng Weng, Xuejiao Chang, Kena Yang, Jinglu Liu, Juntao Li, Bin Wei, Zhongchang Wang, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 20 November 2018
The disassembly of 2D vertical heterostructures (2DVHs) is successfully achieved. As a demonstration, ReS2/WS2 2DVHs is disassembled into WS2 and ReS2 via Te disassembly promoters on the basis of microscopic and spectroscopic characterizations, which gives inspiration for the modification and functionalization of 2DVHs.
New Frontiers in Electron-Beam Driven Chemistry in and around Graphene
Mark H. Rümmeli*, Huy Q. Ta, Rafael G. Mendes, Ignacio G. Gonzalez-Martinez, Liang Zhao, Jing Gao, Lei Fu, Thomas Gemming, Alicja Bachmatiuk, Zhongfan Liu
First Published: 10 June 2018
In this review, the exploits in which the electron beam interactions, which are often considered negative, are explored to usefully drive a wealth of chemistry in and around graphene, importantly, with no other external stimuli. After introducing the technique, this review covers carbon phase reactions between amorphous carbon, graphene, fullerenes, carbon chains, and carbon nanotubes. It then explores different studies with clusters and nanoparticles.
Engineering 2D Architectures toward High-Performance Micro-Supercapacitors
Yumin Da#, Jinxin Liu#, Lu Zhou, Xiaohui Zhu, Xiaodong Chen*, Lei Fu*
First published: 22 August 2018
2D materials with ultralarge specific surface areas offer a broad portfolio of the development of high-performance micro-supercapacitors in spite of their several critical drawbacks. Based on the approaches of phase transformation, intercalation, surface modification, material hybridization, and hierarchical structuration, 2D architectures with improved conductivity, enlarged specific surface, enhanced redox activity, and the unique synergetic effect exhibit great promise in the application of miniaturized supercapacitors.
Growth of 2D GaN Single Crystals on Liquid Metals
Yunxu Chen#, Keli Liu#, Jinxin Liu, Tianrui Lv, Bin Wei, Tao Zhang, Mengqi Zeng, Zhongchang Wang, Lei Fu*
First Pubulished: 31 October 2018
We report, for the first time, the growth of micrometer-sized two dimensional (2D) GaN single crystals on liquid metals via a surface-confined nitridation reaction and demonstrate that the 2D GaN shows uniformly incremental lattice, unique phonon modes, blue-shifted photoluminescence emission and improved internal quantum efficiency, providing direct evidence to the previous theoretical predictions.
Controllable Fabrication of Graphene and Related Two-Dimensional Materials on Liquid Metals via Chemical Vapor Deposition
Mengqi Zeng, Lei Fu*
First Published: 17 September 2018
The emergence of liquid metal catalysts has brought a brand-new perspective in the fabrication of 2D materials. The strictly self-limited growth behavior is discovered and is robust to the growth parameter variation. And the excellent rheological properties of liquid metals allow us to explore self-assembly of the 2D materials grown on the surface. This Account aims to highlight the controllable fabrication of graphene and related 2D materials on liquid metals, including the self-limited growth, self-assembly, and sliding transfer.
Self-Adapting Wettability of ReS2 under a Constant Stimulus
Wenjie Wang#, Jiaqian Zhang#, Qin Zhang, Siyu Wan, Xiaohui Zhu, Qiqi Zhang, Wanying Wang, Yujing Zhang, Yongjun Liu, Lei Fu*
First Published: 25 September 2018
Responsive materials are attracting intense interest for their critical roles in intelligent designs. Here, the smart self-adapting wettability of ReS2 under sustaining light irradiation, which breaks the stereotype that a single stimulus leads to a monotonic change in properties or structures, is presented. The additional valence electron and defects ensure ReS2 has strong gas adsorption and hydrolysis capability.
Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by ReS2 via a Two‐Electron Catalytic Reaction
Qin Zhang#, Wenjie Wang#, Jiaqian Zhang, Xiaohui Zhu, Qiqi Zhang, Yujing Zhang, Zemian Ren, Shuaishuai Song, Jinming Wang, Zihao Ying, Rui Wang, Xiaohui Qiu, Tianyou Peng, Lei Fu*
First Published: 24 April 2018
Highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) is highly desirable for addressing the global energy crisis and environmental problems.Here, a two-electron catalytic reaction is developed by utilizing the distinct trion behavior of ReS2 and the efficient reduction of two H+ (2H+ + 2e− → H2) is realized. Such a two-electron catalytic reaction endows ReS2 with a PHE rate of 13 mmol g−1 h−1 under visible light irradiation. Meanwhile, this reaction allows the typically poor PHE efficiency of pure transition metal dichalcogenides to be overcome.
Self-Assembly of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Liquid Metal toward Nucleation Control for Graphene Single Crystal Arrays
Mengqi Zeng#, Hui Cao#, Qiqi Zhang, Xiaowen Gao, Lei Fu*
First published: 01 February 2018
Our work achieved the spontaneous assembly of alumina nanoparticles on a liquid metal surface and further synthesized a very-large-scale graphene single-crystal array. The effective electrical field established as a result of the electrical charge of the alumina nanoparticles in the liquid metal ensures the ordered self-assembly of the alumina islands and lays the foundation for precise spatial control of graphene nucleation, leading to the formation of graphene single-crystal arrays.
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