Linux 免费配置 SSL 证书，自动续期

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-18 11:16:41 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-06-18 11:16:41 发布 · 2k 阅读

2 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

linux 专栏收录该内容

6 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍如何在Linux服务器上使用Certbot为Nginx服务器申请Let's Encrypt SSL证书，包括下载Certbot、配置Nginx、申请SSL证书、重新配置Nginx以启用HTTPS及自动续期的步骤。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

一、申请条件：

1.Linux服务器一台

2.可用域名并解析

二、下载cerbot-auto

wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto
chmod a+x certbot-auto

三、nginx为申请ssl证书准备配置，记得重启

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name www.test.com;

    location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
        default_type "text/plain";
        root /data1/webroot/certbot/www.test.com;

    }

    location / {
        return 301 https://$http_host$request_uri;
    }
}

四、申请ssl证书

certbot-auto --no-self-upgrade certonly  --webroot -w /data1/webroot/certbot/www.test.com  -d www.test.com

--webroot 证书存放目录

-d 替换为你自己的域名

如无意外，ssl证书就配置好了

五、nginx重新配置

增加443端口监听,增加ssl配置，并自动续期

server {
    listen      443 ssl;
    server_name www.test.com;      //这里改为自己的域名

    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.test.com/privkey.pem;   //这里的路径改之前配置的之前域名
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.test.com/fullchain.pem;    //这里的路径改之前配置的之前域名
    ssl_ciphers "ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA:AES128-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!MD5:!PSK:!RC4";
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:30m;
    ssl_session_timeout  30m;
    ssl_stapling on;
    ssl_stapling_verify on;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_dhparam /etc/ssl/certs/dhparam.pem;

    location ^~ /debug/ {
        rewrite ^/debug/(.*)$ /$1 last;
    }

   access_log  /var/log/nginx/test/access.log;

    root   /var/www/html/wordpress;
    location / {
        index  index.html index.htm index.php;

    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
          fastcgi_index  index.php;
          fastcgi_pass   phpfpm:9000;
          fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
          include        fastcgi_params;
    }


    location ^~ /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
        default_type "text/plain";
        root /data/webroot/certbot/www.test.com;  //这里的路径改之前配置的之前域名
    }

}

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name www.test.com;

    location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
        default_type "text/plain";
        root /data/webroot/certbot/www.test.com; //这里的路径改之前配置的之前域名

    }
    location / {
        return 301 https://$http_host$request_uri;
    }
}

再重启nginx ，ssl证书就配置好了

六、遇到的坑

1. 第五步nginx预重启时，提示dhparam.pem不存在，执行以下命令

cd /etc/ssl/certs
openssl dhparam -out dhparam.pem 4096

2.注意开放443端口