Android实现微信和QQ“在其他应用打开”列表中添加自己的应用，并获取文件路径。

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-22 13:33:51 发布

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本文介绍了如何在Android应用中实现从微信和QQ选择文件时，将应用添加到‘在其他应用打开’列表。通过在AndroidManifest.xml中配置支持的文件类型，然后在接收到打开请求时，解析intent获取文件路径。路径可能是content uri或file uri，需要根据情况进行转换处理。

实现例如在微信QQ通过选中某个文件，选择其他应用的打开方式。效果如下：

1.在AndroidManifests中添加：

        <!--添加文件打开方式，可在第三方应用中将你的app加入打开方式列表-->
        <activity
            android:name=".activity.PdfPreviewActivity" android:launchMode="singleTask">
            <intent-filter tools:ignore="AppLinkUrlError">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="application/msword" />
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter tools:ignore="AppLinkUrlError">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document" />
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter tools:ignore="AppLinkUrlError">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.ms-excel" />
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter tools:ignore="AppLinkUrlError">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet" />
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter tools:ignore="AppLinkUrlError">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" />
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter tools:ignore="AppLinkUrlError">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation" />
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter tools:ignore="AppLinkUrlError">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="application/pdf" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

其中minType代表要打开的文件类型。

常用的如：

{".3gp", "video/3gpp"},
{".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"},
{".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
{".avi", "video/x-msvideo"},
{".bin", "application/octet-stream"},
{".bmp", "image/bmp"},
{".c", "text/plain"},
{".class", "application/octet-stream"},
{".conf", "text/plain"},
{".cpp", "text/plain"},
{".doc", "application/msword"},
{".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},
{".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
{".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"},
{".exe", "application/octet-stream"},
{".gif", "image/gif"},
{".gtar", "application/x-gtar"},
{".gz", "application/x-gzip"},
{".h", "text/plain"},
{".htm", "text/html"},
{".html", "text/html"},
{".jar", "application/java-archive"},
{".java", "text/plain"},
{".jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
{".jpg", "image/jpeg"},
{".js", "application/x-javascript"},
{".log", "text/plain"},
{".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"},
{".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"},
{".m4v", "video/x-m4v"},
{".mov", "video/quicktime"},
{".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"},
{".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"},
{".mp4", "video/mp4"},
{".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},
{".mpe", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpg", "video/mpeg"},
{".mpg4", "video/mp4"},
{".mpga", "audio/mpeg"},
{".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"},
{".ogg", "audio/ogg"},
{".pdf", "application/pdf"},
{".png", "image/png"},
{".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"},
{".prop", "text/plain"},
{".rc", "text/plain"},
{".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
{".rtf", "application/rtf"},
{".sh", "text/plain"},
{".tar", "application/x-tar"},
{".tgz", "application/x-compressed"},
{".txt", "text/plain"},
{".wav", "audio/x-wav"},
{".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"},
{".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"},
{".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"},
{".xml", "text/plain"},
{".z", "application/x-compress"},
{".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed"},
{"", "*/*"}

2.获取路径

Intent intent = getIntent();
 
String action = intent.getAction();
if(intent.ACTION_VIEW.equals(action))
{Log.v(intent.getDataString());}

"intent.getDataString()"返回的就是文件路径,但是会有编码的问题，需要用decode处理一下

Intent intent = getIntent();
String action = intent.getAction();
if (intent1.ACTION_VIEW.equals(action)) {
    Uri uri = intent.getData();
    String str = Uri.decode(uri.getEncodedPath());}

在自己文件管理选择本应用打开时,url的值为content://media/external/file/85139
在微信中选择本应用打开时,url的值为
content://com.tencent.mm.external.fileprovider/external/tencent/MicroMsg/Download/111.doc
在QQ中选择本应用打开时,url的值为
file:///storage/emulated/0/tencent/MicroMsg/Download/111.doc

获取本地文件file格式路径可以直接使用，uri需要转成file格式，这里分两种情况：
如果是媒体库查询的uri，如content://media/external/file/85139 格式的转file方法：

public static String getFilePathFromContentUri(Uri selectedVideoUri,
                                                   Activity context) {
        String filePath = "";
        String[] filePathColumn = {MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA};

//      Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(selectedVideoUri, filePathColumn, null, null, null);
//      也可用下面的方法拿到cursor
      Cursor cursor = context.managedQuery(selectedVideoUri, filePathColumn, null, null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            cursor.moveToFirst();
            int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]);
            filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
            try {
                //4.0以上的版本会自动关闭 (4.0--14;; 4.0.3--15)
                if (Integer.parseInt(Build.VERSION.SDK) < 14) {
                    cursor.close();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                Log.e("转换地址", "error:" + e);
            }
        }
        return filePath;
    }

如果是fileprovider提供的contenturi，如content://com.tencent.mm.external.fileprovider/external/tencent/MicroMsg/Download/111.doc 要转换成file格式方法（这里参照并借鉴 https://www.jianshu.com/p/0ca6989f2bc2）：

public static String getFPUriToPath(Context context, Uri uri) {
        try {
            List<PackageInfo> packs = context.getPackageManager().getInstalledPackages(PackageManager.GET_PROVIDERS);
            if (packs != null) {
                String fileProviderClassName = FileProvider.class.getName();
                for (PackageInfo pack : packs) {
                    ProviderInfo[] providers = pack.providers;
                    if (providers != null) {
                        for (ProviderInfo provider : providers) {
                            if (uri.getAuthority().equals(provider.authority)) {
                                if (provider.name.equalsIgnoreCase(fileProviderClassName)) {
                                    Class<FileProvider> fileProviderClass = FileProvider.class;
                                    try {
                                        Method getPathStrategy = fileProviderClass.getDeclaredMethod("getPathStrategy", Context.class, String.class);
                                        getPathStrategy.setAccessible(true);
                                        Object invoke = getPathStrategy.invoke(null, context, uri.getAuthority());
                                        if (invoke != null) {
                                            String PathStrategyStringClass = FileProvider.class.getName() + "$PathStrategy";
                                            Class<?> PathStrategy = Class.forName(PathStrategyStringClass);
                                            Method getFileForUri = PathStrategy.getDeclaredMethod("getFileForUri", Uri.class);
                                            getFileForUri.setAccessible(true);
                                            Object invoke1 = getFileForUri.invoke(invoke, uri);
                                            if (invoke1 instanceof File) {
                                                String filePath = ((File) invoke1).getAbsolutePath();
                                                return filePath;
                                            }
                                        }
                                    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                                        e.printStackTrace();
                                    } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                                        e.printStackTrace();
                                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                                        e.printStackTrace();
                                    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                                        e.printStackTrace();
                                    }
                                    break;
                                }
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }