MySQL部署

MySQL部署流程：
通过rpm包或tar包部署
企业里一般是通过tar包部署，可进行定制化

一、rpm包部署：
一般机器上面都有mysql - libs包，不可无故卸载libs包，可能会导致其他依赖性服务不正常
rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64 是可卸载rpm libs包，卸载的时候会告诉一个依赖，则使用rpm -e --nodeps进行卸载

安装流程：
1、yum search mysql 搜索MySQL文件
2、yum install -y mysql -server.x86_64安装server包
3、yum install -y mysql -server .x86_64 mysql .x86_64 同时安装client包
4、yum install -y mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64安装libs
5、service mysqld start 进行启动校验
6、mysql 如果出现提示，不能连接本地的MySQL服务通过socket ‘/tmp/mysql .sock’(2)
先查看后台进程 ps -ef|grep mysql ，会发现后台进行的进程是在–socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql .sock下面，在命令后面加上连接指向mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql .sock ，就可以登录到mysql

[root@hadoop001 ~]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]
[root@hadoop001 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

二：tar包部署：
1、rz上传tar包，将上传的tar包移动到 /usr/local 文件下面
2、ps -ef|grep mysqld 检查是否存在残留进程，rpm -qa |grep -i mysql 搜索rpm包
3、tar xzvf 解压tar包
4、ln -s mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql 设置软连接

[root@hadoop001 local]# tar xzvf mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
#解压
[root@hadoop001 local]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
#软链接创建

5、创建一个组合user，不同的组件服务是由它不同的专属用户一起来运行的，例如：mysql的用户用mysqladmin来运行，
创建一个用户组groupadd -g 101 dba ，101指dba的group的id
创建一个家目录在/usr/local/mysql主组为dba的用户mysqladmin

    [root@hadoop001 local]# groupadd -g 101 dba
    [root@hadoop001 local]#useradd -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin
    uid=514(mysqladmin) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)  
    # -u指的是514,514是用户的id，-g dba指的是主组是dba ， -G root指的是G属于root组  -d指的是家目录 /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin，如果没有-d默认是home目录下mysqladmin

6、创建配置文件 Create /etc/my.cnf(640)
mysql的配置文件默认都是从/etc/my.cnf这个配置文件去读，一般这个文件都是会有内容存在，可以先将文件进行备份，mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf20190629
vi my.cnf
先清空内容d+G，然后编辑模式将下面的代码内容复制粘贴
生产上只需要调整innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M这个参数

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
query_cache_size= 32M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
tmp_table_size=32M

table_open_cache = 512
thread_cache_size = 8
wait_timeout = 86400
interactive_timeout = 86400
max_connections = 600

# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 32

#isolation level and default engine 
default-storage-engine = INNODB
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

server-id  = 1
basedir     = /usr/local/mysql
datadir     = /usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file     = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid

#open performance schema
log-warnings
sysdate-is-now

binlog_format = MIXED
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log-error  = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/arch/mysql-bin
#other logs
#general_log =1
#general_log_file  = /usr/local/mysql/data/general_log.err
#slow_query_log=1
#slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/slow_log.err

#for replication slave
#log-slave-updates 
#sync_binlog = 1

#for innodb options 
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:500M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/arch
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_file_size = 200M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100
#innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1

#innodb io features: add for mysql5.5.8
performance_schema
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb-write-io-threads=4
innodb-io-capacity=200
#purge threads change default(0) to 1 for purge
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_use_native_aio=on

#case-sensitive file names and separate tablespace
innodb_file_per_table = 1
lower_case_table_names=1

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

7、修改权限，修改配置文件所属的用户和用户组
关于文件夹的修改 修改完成后 一定要cd进去 ll再看一下

[root@hadoop001 local]# chown  mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf 
[root@hadoop001 local]# chmod  755 /etc/my.cnf 
[root@hadoop001 local]# chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql
[root@hadoop001 local]# chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql/*
[root@hadoop001 local]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql 
[root@hadoop001 local]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/* 

8、创建binlog日志存储的文件夹
检查是否安装libaio包

[mysqladmin@hadoop001 ~]$ mkdir arch 
[mysqladmin@hadoop001 ~]$ yum -y install autoconf
[mysqladmin@hadoop001 ~]$ yum -y install libaio

9、真正安装命令
scripts/mysql_install_db
–user=mysqladmin
–basedir=/usr/local/mysql
–datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

10、配置MySQL服务并启动

[root@hadoop001 local]# cd /usr/local/mysql
#将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql
[root@hadoop001 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql 
#赋予可执行权限
[root@hadoop001 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
#删除服务
[root@hadoop001 mysql]# chkconfig --del mysql
#添加服务
[root@hadoop001 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql
[root@hadoop001 mysql]# chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
[root@hadoop001 mysql]# vi /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

su - mysqladmin -c "/etc/init.d/mysql start"    <--添加这一行

11、启动MySQL服务并验证

[root@hadoop001 mysql]# su - mysqladmin
[mysqladmin@hadoop001 ~]$ pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[mysqladmin@hadoop001 ~]$ rm -rf my.cnf
[mysqladmin@hadoop001 ~]$ ps -ef|grep mysqld
514       6247  6219  0 17:30 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
514       6902  6247  2 17:30 pts/1    00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --
basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-
dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err --pid-
file=/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid --socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock --
port=3306
514       6927  6219  0 17:31 pts/1    00:00:00 grep mysqld
[mysqladmin@hadoop001 ~]$ netstat -tulnp | grep 6902
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*          LISTEN      11541/mysqld   
[root@hadoop001 local]# service mysql status
MySQL running (21507)                                      [  OK  ]

12、登录MySQL

[mysqladmin@hadoop001 ~]$ mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.23-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql；
Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password('password') where user='root';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete from user where user='';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+----------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host           | user | password                                  |
+----------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost      | root | *6340BE3C15D246B0D74BAF3F135915ED19E0069F |
| hadoop001      | root | *6340BE3C15D246B0D74BAF3F135915ED19E0069F |
| 127.0.0.1      | root | *6340BE3C15D246B0D74BAF3F135915ED19E0069F |
| ::1            | root | *6340BE3C15D246B0D74BAF3F135915ED19E0069F |
+----------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;

13、配置全局环境变量

[root@hadoop001 ~]# vi /etc/profile
[root@hadoop001 ~]# source /etc/profile
#环境变量里新增内容
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45
MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH