在真机上跑APPIUM自动化的那些坑

转自https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/mentgmery1/article/details/41645427

第一个坑，怎么启动APPIUM，以保证它与APPIUM SERVER通信，

appium -U UDID  --app Bundle ID

第二个坑，

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: u'A new session could not be created. (Original error: Instruments crashed on startup)' 

我遇到这个问题两次，简单描述如下：

第一次，是因为developer选项里的 Enable UI Automation木有开启，开启后就OK了。这里解释一下，在真机上跑APPIUM的前提是，手机应该注册成开发者手机，这样就可以在Settings的页面看到 Developer(开发者)这个选项了。

第二次，则是因为，换了手机之后，因为手机不支持我现在使用的APP的签名，导致了Instruments crashed on startup的错误，只要把用这个手机的签名重新编译一个APP，就可以了。

第三坑

switch_to.context测试，老是报错，没有context这个attribute，找乐半天才发现，

from appium import webdriver

from selenium import webdriver

第二条声明把第一条给覆盖了，switch_to是appium里的方法。

第四个坑

打开浏览器操作，http://appium.io/slate/en/v1.2.1/?python#setup76

第五个坑

Appium v1.3.1 启动IOS测试后报了如下异常，记得之前可以跑的，点里那个诊断的按钮也显示环境正常，请大家帮我看看是哪里出问题了么？ 这个文件/Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/build/libimobiledevice-macosx/ideviceinstaller我看也有的啊。

2014-11-04 01:26:38:474 - info: [debug] Not pre-launching simulator
 
2014-11-04 01:26:38:474 - info: [debug] Creating iDevice object with udid 843bb46631ac5c1408af67ae25a48d3b2e2c4888
 
2014-11-04 01:26:38:475 - info: [debug] Couldn't find ideviceinstaller, trying built-in at /Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/build/libimobiledevice-macosx/ideviceinstaller
2014-11-04 01:26:38:475 - info: [debug] Checking app install status using: /Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/build/fruitstrap/fruitstrap isInstalled --id 843bb46631ac5c1408af67ae25a48d3b2e2c4888 --bundle com.terrytest.test
 
2014-11-04 01:26:40:637 - info: [debug] App is not installed. Will try to install the app.
 
2014-11-04 01:26:40:637 - info: [debug] Installing ipa found at /Users/sunqingwei/Evan/terrytest/Mobile/test.ipa
2014-11-04 01:26:40:637 - info: [debug] Creating iDevice object with udid 843bb46631ac5c1408af67ae25a48d3b2e2c4888
2014-11-04 01:26:40:638 - info: [debug] Couldn't find ideviceinstaller, trying built-in at /Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/build/libimobiledevice-macosx/ideviceinstaller
 
2014-11-04 01:26:40:839 - info: [debug] Cleaning up appium session
 
2014-11-04 01:26:40:840 - info: [debug] Error: Command failed: dyld: Library not loaded: @executable_path/../lib/libimobiledevice.3.dylib
  Referenced from: /Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/build/libimobiledevice-macosx/ideviceinstaller
  Reason: image not found
 
    at ChildProcess.exithandler (child_process.js:648:15)
    at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:98:17)
    at maybeClose (child_process.js:756:16)
    at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:823:5)
 
2014-11-04 01:26:40:839 - error: Failed to start an Appium session, err was: Error: Command failed: dyld: Library not loaded: @executable_path/../lib/libimobiledevice.3.dylib
  Referenced from: /Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/build/libimobiledevice-macosx/ideviceinstaller
  Reason: image not found
 
 
2014-11-04 01:26:40:840 - info: [debug] Responding to client with error: {"status":33,"value":{"message":"A new session could not be created. (Original error: Command failed: dyld: Library not loaded: @executable_path/../lib/libimobiledevice.3.dylib\n  Referenced from: /Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/build/libimobiledevice-macosx/ideviceinstaller\n  Reason: image not found\n)","killed":false,"code":null,"signal":"SIGTRAP","origValue":"Command failed: dyld: Library not loaded: @executable_path/../lib/libimobiledevice.3.dylib\n  Referenced from: /Applications/Appium.app/Contents/Resources/node_modules/appium/build/libimobiledevice-macosx/ideviceinstaller\n  Reason: image not found\n"},"sessionId":null}
2014-11-04 01:26:40:841 - info: <-- POST /wd/hub/session 500 4929.943 ms - 668 
这个就是你的ideviceinstaller没装好，brew install ideviceinstaller 执行

第五个坑

"message":"A new session could not be created. (Original error: Instruments crashed on startup)","origValue":"Instruments crashed on startup"},"sessionId":null}

一般出现这个问题，都是你的APP的签名跟设备的不一样导致，保持一致就可以了

第六个坑

第七个坑

安装特定版本的APPIUM

npm install -g appium@0.12.3

第八个坑

在真机上生成的APP文件和在模拟器(simulator)上生成的是不一样的，用inspector的时候，只能使用模拟器生成的APP文件

第九个坑

UIAPickerWheel, 比如 picker里面有4个选项, latest day, last 7 days, last 30 days, all, 这个时候只需要UIAPickerWheel.send_keys(latest day)，就可以设置picker里的值

第十个坑

通过INSPECTOR，发现有多个元素的名字都是一样的，我们可以通过find_elements_by_name方法（记住是elements）遍历所有相同名字的元素，然后根据INDEX取其中我们想要的，例如，

def getPicker(self):

elements = find_elements_by_name("picker normal")

return elements[1]