学习springcloud之二负载均衡RestTemplate结合Ribbon

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-14 10:11:48 发布

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#springcloud #Ribbon #RestTemplate #负载均衡

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本文接着上一章，介绍使用RestTemplate和Ribbon消费服务。启动eureka-server和两个eureka-client，创建springboot项目eureka-ribbon-client，配置pom和application.yml文件，开启Eurekaclient功能，注入restTemplate的bean并加注解开启负载均衡，最后启动项目，通过浏览器访问验证RestTemplate结合Ribbon实现负载均衡。

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接着上一章来：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_37460672/article/details/90414085
1.使用RestTemplate和Ribbon来消费服务
2.启动eureka-server端口为8761和两个eureka-client端口分别为8762和8763

配置两个端口启动两个eureka-client
启动命令：
java -jar eureka-client-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.profiles.active=client1
java -jar eureka-client-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.profiles.active=client2
启动两个客户端
启动成功
3.创建Module工程springboot项目eureka-ribbon-client，通过RestTemplate远程调用eureka-client服务的API接口的“/hi”
4.pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <parent>
      <groupId>com.wl</groupId>
      <artifactId>springcloud20190521</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
   </parent>
   <groupId>com.wl</groupId>
   <artifactId>eureka-ribbon-client</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <name>eureka-ribbon-client</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
   <properties>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>
   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>
</project>

5.application.yml配置文件端口:8764服务名:eureka-ribbon-client服务注册地址 http://localhost:8761/eureka/

spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-ribbon-client
server:
  port: 8764
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

6.EurekaRibbonClientApplication加上注解@EnableEurekaClient开启Eurekaclient功能

@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaRibbonClientApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(EurekaRibbonClientApplication.class, args);
   }
}

7.只需要在IoC容器中注入一个restTemplate的bean并在这个bean上加@LoadBalanced注解，此时RestTemplate就结合了Ribbon开启了负载均衡

/**
 * Created by lailai on 2019/5/22.
 */
@Configuration
public class RibbonConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

8.写一个RibbonService类，在hi（）方法用restTemplate调用eureka-client的API接口

@Service
public class RibbonService {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hiError")
    public String hi(String name) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client/hi?name=" + name, String.class);
    }
    public String hiError(String name) {
        return "hi," + name + ",sorry,error!";
    }
}

9.写一个RibbonController调用RibbonService的hi（）方法

@RestController
public class RibbonController {
    @Autowired
    private RibbonService ribbonService;
    @Autowired
    private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;
    @GetMapping("hi")
    public String hi(@RequestParam(required = false,defaultValue ="admin") String name){
        return ribbonService.hi(name);
    }
}

10.启动项目eureka-ribbon-client浏览器访问http:localhost:8764/hi?name=zhangsan
浏览器会轮流显示8762和8763服务，RestTemplate结合Ribbon实现负载均衡
Ribbon项目构建
启动负载均衡服务
调用8762的服务器
调用8763服务器