mqtt ssl c语言编程,如何使用C实现MQTT+TLS客户端程序（2）--实现MQTT Client-优快云博客

mosquitto_pub&mosquitto_sub

MQTT服务器

发布

使用C语言实现MQTT Client

代码分析

初始化操作

加载证书

建立TCP连接

TLS握手

MQTT连接

github link

mosquitto_pub&mosquitto_sub

在实现MQTT client之前，我们可以先使用mosquitto_pub和mosquitto_sub模拟，MQTT的发布和订阅

打开三个终端，分别作为：

MQTT服务器，订阅者，发布者

MQTT服务器

mosquitto -c mosquitto.conf

运行服务

mosquitto_sub -t mtopic -u sub_client -P 123456 -v --cafile cacert.pem --cert client.crt --key client.key -p 8883 --tls-version tlsv1.2 --insecure

–cafile:加载ca证书的路径，后面以此类推

上图所示，连接成功的情况。

发布

mosquitto_pub -t mtopic -u pub_client -P 123456 -m "test" --cafile cacert.pem --cert client.crt --key client.key -p 8883 --tls-version tlsv1.2 --insecure

如上图所示，消息发布成功，然后订阅也成功，主题为mtopic,消息是test

使用C语言实现MQTT Client

这里我使用了两个开源库，libemqtt和mbedtls，感谢这两个开源库的作者，感谢开源~

https://github.com/menudoproblema/libemqtt.git

https://github.com/ARMmbed/mbedtls.git

代码分析

初始化操作

* 0. Initialize the RNG and the session data

mbedtls_net_init( &server_fd );

mbedtls_ssl_init( &ssl );

mbedtls_ssl_config_init( &conf );

mbedtls_x509_crt_init( &cacert );

mbedtls_x509_crt_init( &clicert );

mbedtls_pk_init( &pkey );

mbedtls_ctr_drbg_init( &ctr_drbg );

mbedtls_printf( "\n . Seeding the random number generator..." );

fflush( stdout );

mbedtls_entropy_init( &entropy );

if( ( ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed( &ctr_drbg, mbedtls_entropy_func, &entropy,

(const unsigned char *) pers,

strlen( pers ) ) ) != 0 )

{

mbedtls_printf( " failed\n ! mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed returned %d\n", ret );

goto exit;

}

mbedtls_printf( " ok\n" );

加载证书

ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file( &cacert, "./cacert.pem");

if( ret < 0 )

{

mbedtls_printf( " failed\n ! mbedtls_x509_crt_parse returned -0x%x\n\n", -ret );

goto exit;

}

mbedtls_printf( " ok (%d skipped)\n", ret );

ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file( &clicert, "./client.crt");

if( ret != 0 )

{

mbedtls_printf( " failed\n ! mbedtls_x509_crt_parse returned %d\n\n", ret );

goto exit;

}

ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile( &pkey, "./client.key", "123456");

if( ret != 0 )

{

mbedtls_printf( " failed\n ! mbedtls_pk_parse_key returned %d\n\n", ret );

goto exit;

}

mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile 第三个参数是生成客户端证书，自己输入的密钥

建立TCP连接

* 1. Start the connection

mbedtls_printf( " . Connecting to tcp/%s/%s...", SERVER_NAME, SERVER_PORT );

fflush( stdout );

if( ( ret = mbedtls_net_connect( &server_fd, SERVER_NAME,

SERVER_PORT, MBEDTLS_NET_PROTO_TCP ) ) != 0 )

{

mbedtls_printf( " failed\n ! mbedtls_net_connect returned %d\n\n", ret );

goto exit;

}

TLS握手

* 4. Handshake

mbedtls_printf( " . Performing the SSL/TLS handshake..." );

fflush( stdout );

while( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake( &ssl ) ) != 0 )

{

if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ && ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE )

{

mbedtls_printf( " failed\n ! mbedtls_ssl_handshake returned -0x%x\n\n", -ret );

goto exit;

}

mbedtls_printf( " ok\n" );

握手阶段结束，就完成了TLS连接，开始加密通讯，下面就是应用层MQTT的连接

MQTT连接

mbedtls_printf(" \n.....................mqtttenter.....................\n" );

PTmqtttenter();

mqtt_connect((mqtt_broker_handle_t *)PTMqttGetBroker());

mbedtls_printf( "\n....................mqtt_connect.....................\n" );

mqtt_subscribe((mqtt_broker_handle_t *)PTMqttGetBroker(), MQTTSUBTOPIC, 0);

mqtt_publish((mqtt_broker_handle_t *)PTMqttGetBroker(), MQTTPUBTOPIC, test, strlen(test), 0);

这样就完成MQTT的连接，我们来看下实际效果

如上图，我发送的MQTT消息，主题为mtopic 消息为test_cfd

订阅的终端，可以成功收到消息。

注意：程序运行加载的证书是在工程目录下，并且需要各位根据自己生成的客户端证书进行相应的替换。

github link

最后附上，本工程的github船票：

https://github.com/ptonlix/MQTTWithTLS