论文浅谈计算机硬件常见故障及排除方法
摘 要
随着计算机硬件的飞速发展，随着计算机向社会的逐步普及，对故障的检查、处理很重要，但平时要注意防范，如定期检测磁盘；尽量不使用外来盘，即使要用，也需先用杀毒盘进行检测，以预防病毒；做好原始数据如CMOS参数、分区表等的备份，这样即使出现硬盘故障，也能迅速加以排除。CPU、内存、硬盘、主板、显卡、声卡、光驱、显示器)的故障现象及一般情况下可能的故障分析与处理方法。同时也对微机故障的常用检测方法、注意事项、故障识别与处理步骤等做了介绍。
关键词：硬件故障；检测；解决方法
Abstract
with the rapid development of computer hardware, along with the computer to the society gradually universal, the fault examination, treatment is very important, but it should pay attention to the prevention, such as periodic testing disk; try not to use external disk, even if the use, also need to use anti-virus disk is detected, to prevent virus; do the original data such as CMOS parameters, partition table backup, so even the appearance of hard disk failure, can quickly be eliminated.
After studying the same machine assembly and repair based on a course, reading a lot about computer hardware and software fault detection and repair of the book, and through some detection and repair experience, compose the article. This paper mainly introduces the common hardware (CPU, memory, hard drives, motherboards, graphics cards, sound cards, CD-ROM drive, and display) fault phenomena and in general possible fault analysis and processing method. At the same time on the computer fault common detecting methods, matters needing attention, fault identification and processing steps are introduced.
Key words: hardware fault; detection; solving method
目录
摘 要1
Abstract2
目录3
第一章 计算机硬件的基础知识5
1.1 计算机硬件的组成5
1.2硬件故障产生的原因7
1.3本章小结7
第二章 硬件常见故障及排除方法8
2.1 主板常见故障及解决方法8
2.1.1主板与硬件接触不良导致的故障8
2.1.2主板上各组件损坏导致的故障9
2.2显卡常见故障及排除方法10
2.2.1显卡花屏故障10
2.2.2屏蔽集成显卡造成黑屏11
2.3 CPU常见故障及排除方法11
2.3.1 CPU散热不足导致的故障12
2.3.2 CPU超频导致的故障13
2.4 内存常见故障及排除方法14
2.4.1内存不兼容导致的故障14
2.4.2运行程序时提示内存不足15
2.5光驱常见故障及排除方法15
2.5.1安装程序时提示I/O错误16
2.5.2光驱托盘无法弹出16
2.6显示器常见故障及排除方法17
2.6.1显示器抖动故障17
2.6.2 CRT 显示器常见故障17
2.6.3显示器常见性故障18
2.7硬盘常见故障及排除方法19
2.8本章小结19
第三章 硬件故障的检测方法20
3.1检测计算机故障的五种方法20
3.2检测硬件应该注意的事项21
3.3本章小结21
第四章 常见计算机硬件故障的识别22
4.1常见硬件故障识别22
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