The struct keyword defines a structure type and/or a variable of a structure type. A structure type is a user-defined composite type. It is composed of "fields" or "members" that can have different types.In C++, a structure is the same as a class except that its members are public by default.In C, you must explicitly use the struct keyword to declare a structure. In C++, this is unnecessary once the type has been defined.You have the option of declaring variables when the structure type is defined by placing one or more comma-separated variable names between the closing brace and the semicolon.
从上面这段话中我们知道在c++中struct和typedef struct的用法基本没有区别了。下面是代码:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct PERSON /* Declare PERSON struct type */
{
int age; /* Declare member types */
long ss;
float weight;
char name[25];
} family_member; /* Define object of type PERSON,定义一个PERSON类型的对象family_member,定义对象并不占用内存。*/
/* Structure variables can be initialized. The initialization for each variable must be enclosed in braces. */
/* 这表示在C++中struct其实就是一个类,只不过这个类中的默认访问属性是public类型的,而在c++中默认访问类型是private的 */
struct POINT /* Declare POINT structure */
{
int x; /* Define members x and y */
int y;
} spot = { 20, 40 }; /* Variable spot has values x = 20, y = 40,定义对象后马上初始化,这时候分配内存 */
struct POINT there; /* Variable there has POINT type */
int main()
{
struct PERSON sister; /* C style structure declaration,C语言风格第一一个PERSON类型的对象sister */
PERSON brother; /* C++ style structure declaration,而在C++中我们已经没有必要加上关键字struct了,
直接用结构体类型PERSON定义对象brother */
sister.age = 13; /* assign values to members */
brother.age = 7;
family_member.age=23; /* 在创建结构体的时候就定义了的对象 */
there.x=spot.x;
POINT p;
p.y=spot.y;
cout<<sister.age<<" "<<brother.age<<endl;
cout<<family_member.age<<endl;
cout<<spot.x<<" "<<spot.y<<endl;
cout<<there.x<<" "<<p.y<<endl;
return 0;
}
下面介绍在c语言中的用法
typedef与结构结合使用:
[c-sharp] view plaincopy
typedef struct tagMyStruct
{
int iNum;
long lLength;
} MyStruct;
这语句实际上完成两个操作:
1) 定义一个新的结构类型
struct tagMyStruct
{
int iNum;
long lLength;
};
分析:tagMyStruct称为“tag”,即“标签”,实际上是一个临时名字,struct 关键字和tagMyStruct一起,构成了这个结构类型,不论是否有typedef,这个结构都存在。
我们可以用struct tagMyStruct varName来定义变量,但要注意,使用tagMyStruct varName来定义变量是不对的,因为struct 和tagMyStruct合在一起才能表示一个结构类型。
2) typedef为这个新的结构起了一个名字,叫MyStruct。
typedef struct tagMyStruct MyStruct;
因此,MyStruct实际上相当于struct tagMyStruct,我们可以使用MyStruct varName来定义变量。
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/mickelfeng/1032890