Linux 环境边配置边学(针对家里电脑) 【三】-优快云博客

本文详细介绍了如何编译安装PHP所需的支持库如libiconv、libmcrypt、mhash，并且逐步指导安装MySQL，包括创建系统用户、编译安装过程、配置文件编辑以及创建管理脚本。

1. 编译安装PHP所需的支持库

cd /data0/software/

# 安装libiconv
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install
cd ../

# 安装libmcrypt
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make && make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make && make install
cd ../../

# 安装mhash
tar jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

# 创建libiconv的软链接
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

# 安装mcrypt
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

2. 编译安装MySQL：

创建系统mysql用户

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

编译安装

tar zxvf mysql-5.0.22.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.0.22/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
make && make install
cd ../

赋予mysql用户目录权限

chmod +w /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

创建MySQL数据库，日志等目录

# 数据库目录
mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/data/
# 系统日志目录
mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/binlog/
# 主从库日志目录
mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/
# 赋予mysql用户权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /data0/mysql/

以mysql用户状态建立MySQL授权表

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data0/mysql/3306/data --user=mysql

创建MySQL配置文件

vi /data0/mysql/3306/my.cnf

内容如下

[client]
character-set-server = utf8
port    = 3306
socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
replicate-ignore-db = test
replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
user    = mysql
port    = 3306
socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data0/mysql/3306/data
log-error = /data0/mysql/3306/mysql_error.log
pid-file = /data0/mysql/3306/mysql.pid
open_files_limit    = 10240
back_log = 600
max_connections = 5000
max_connect_errors = 6000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 1M
join_buffer_size = 1M
thread_cache_size = 300
#thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 512M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
default-storage-engine = MyISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 246M
max_heap_table_size = 246M
long_query_time = 3
log-slave-updates
log-bin = /data0/mysql/3306/binlog/binlog
binlog_cache_size = 4M
#binlog_format = MIXED  MySQL5.0及之前binglog格式只有statement一种
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 1G
relay-log-index = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog
relay-log-info-file = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog
relay-log = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog
expire_logs_days = 30
key_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover

interactive_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 120

skip-name-resolve
#master-connect-retry = 10
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396

#master-host     =   192.168.1.10
#master-user     =   username
#master-password =   password
#master-port     =  3306

server-id = 1

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:256M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0

log-slow-queries = /data0/mysql/3306/slow.log
long_query_time = 10

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

创建管理MySQL数据库的管理脚本

vi /data0/mysql/3306/mysql

内容如下

#!/bin/sh

mysql_port=3306
mysql_username="admin"
mysql_password="12345678"

function_start_mysql()
{
    printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
    /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
}

function_stop_mysql()
{
    printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
}

function_restart_mysql()
{
    printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
    function_stop_mysql
    sleep 5
    function_start_mysql
}

function_kill_mysql()
{
    kill -9 $(ps -ef &#124; grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' &#124; grep ${mysql_port} &#124; awk '{printf $2}')
    kill -9 $(ps -ef &#124; grep 'libexec/mysqld' &#124; grep ${mysql_port} &#124; awk '{printf $2}')
}

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then
    function_start_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then
    function_stop_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then
function_restart_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then
function_kill_mysql
else
    printf "Usage: /data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/mysql {start&#124;stop&#124;restart&#124;kill}\n"
fi

赋予管理脚本可执行权限

chmod +x /data0/mysql/3306/mysql

启动MySQL

/data0/mysql/3306/mysql start

通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

在MySQL环境下，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';

停止MySQL