先讲一下paho的mqtt连接的java实现情况
1、paho的mqtt底层是采用三个线程进行异步的消息发送、处理和接收的【debug的时候可以看到三个线程】,然后比较坑的是,在处理消息的时候,如果有运行是异常抛出但是没有处理的话,整个mqtt客户端直接断开连接。
2、然后就是底层paho提供了两个客户端连接实现——MqttClient和MqttAsyncClient。前者是同步的,后者是异步的,主要是把连接建立等耗时操作进行异步处理,一般使用方式为
3、最后mqtt的对于消息的处理是采用回调的方式,同时,对于收发消息可以采用注册监听器的方式进行进度的监听,具体使用可以参看paho项目的GitHub上的示例,上面有三个比较全的示例4、关于MqttClientPersistence底下的两个类MemoryPersistence和MqttDefaultFilePersistence,主要是为了消息传送过程中的一个临时缓存,如Qos为1,2的消息
重连的思路
针对mqtt协议的原本用途——低网络质量环境,重连是必须的。目前的话重连有几种思路
1、在回调函数里面设置当mqtt客户端连接丢失时重新连接
2、在连接参数里面设置重连方法org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions.setAutomaticReconnect(boolean),个人推荐使用第二种方式
下面附上自己的采用第一种方式设置的mqtt客户端以及回调类
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.List;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttSecurityException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
public class MyMqttClient {
String clientId;
private MemoryPersistence persistence = new MemoryPersistence();
// Private instance variables
private MqttClient client;
private String brokerUrl;
private MqttConnectOptions conOpt;
private boolean clean;
private String password;
private String userName;
//需要重新订阅的主题
private List topicList;
public MyMqttClient() {
super();
}
public MyMqttClient(String brokerUrl, String clientId, boolean cleanSession, String userName, String password)
throws MqttException {
super();
this.brokerUrl = brokerUrl;
this.clientId = clientId;
this.clean = cleanSession;
this.password = password;
this.userName = userName;
// 建立mqtt连接属性
this.conOpt = new MqttConnectOptions();
this.conOpt.setConnectionTimeout(60);
//this.conOpt.setKeepAliveInterval(60);
this.conOpt.setCleanSession(true);
// 初始化客户端
this.client = new MqttClient(brokerUrl, clientId, new MemoryPersistence());
this.client.setCallback(new MyMqttCallback(this));
}
public List getTopicList() {
return topicList;
}
public void setTopicList(List topicList) {
this.topicList = topicList;
}
public void connect() {
try {
if (!this.client.isConnected()) {
this.client.connect(this.conOpt);
}
} catch (MqttException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void subscribe(String topicName, int qos) {
try {
this.client.subscribe(topicName, qos);
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void publish(String topicName, String message, int qos) {
try {
MqttMessage mqttMessage = new MqttMessage();
mqttMessage.setQos(qos);
mqttMessage.setPayload(message.getBytes("utf-8"));
this.client.publish(topicName, mqttMessage);
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void close() {
try {
this.client.disconnect();
this.client.close();
} catch (MqttException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void reConnect() throws MqttSecurityException, MqttException {
if (null != this.client) {
if(!this.client.isConnected()) {
client.connect(this.conOpt);
}else {
this.client.disconnect();
this.client.connect(this.conOpt);
}
}
}
}
import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.example.util.Config;
import com.example.util.HikariCPUtil;
public class MyMqttCallback implements MqttCallback {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyMqttCallback.class);
private static final ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
/**
* 私有化的mqtt客户端,用以重连
*/
private MyMqttClient myClient;
public MyMqttCallback(MyMqttClient myClient) {
super();
this.myClient = myClient;
}
/**
* 设置重连机制
*/
@Override
public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
logger.error("连接丢失,原因{}",cause);
// 连接丢失后,一般在这里面进行重连
while (true) {
try {
Thread.sleep(30000);
myClient.reConnect();
List topicList = this.myClient.getTopicList();
for (String topic : topicList) {
this.myClient.subscribe(topic, Config.QOS);
}
logger.info("mqtt重新连接,重新订阅!");
break;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
continue;
}
}
}
@Override
public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
//消息处理
}
@Override
public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
关于重连之后的主题重新
主题重新订阅这个目前主要有两种实现方式,具体看需求
1、设置连接属性的MqttConnectOptions.setCleanSession(false),然后设置mqtt客户端的主题固定,重连上之后之前的主题保留,这个和mqtt的broker关系比较大
2、采用MqttCallbackExtended这个回调类,在org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallbackExtended.connectComplete(boolean, String)这个方法里面实现主题的重新订阅,这个一般结合org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions.setAutomaticReconnect(boolean)使用
3、像我上面的例子一样,在包装类里面缓存之前的topic,在短信重连成功的代码里面进行重新订阅即可
最后
代码都是一步步晚上,不要想着拿着我的代码就去用,能用,不保证会不会出什么bug的