解析EOS.IO - 附1. 软件和工具-优快云博客

本文介绍了EOS平台上的核心工具和程序，包括主程序eosd、命令行工具eosc及钱包程序eos-walletd等，并详细讲解了如何使用eosc进行操作及eoscpp工具生成ABI文件的方法。此外还提供了合约开发的示例。

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eos的工程文件中包含了一些程序和工具下面就是你目标可以用的，能看到的。

程序

eosd

EOS daemon的缩写，可以理解为EOS的主程序，用来运行节点的。比如说你是个区块生产者，那你可以只跑这个程序。

eosc

EOS commandline tool。也就是命令行工具。可以操作eosd中有的REST api。官方也在介绍里说了，想要使用eosc，必须有一个端口开放给eosd，同时设置好eosc去加载“eosio::chain_api_plugin”。

eosc支持的指令如下

ERROR: RequiredError: Subcommand required
Command Line Interface to Eos Client
Usage: ./eosc [OPTIONS] SUBCOMMAND

Options:
  -h,--help                   Print this help message and exit
  -H,--host TEXT=localhost    the host where eosd is running
  -p,--port UINT=8888         the port where eosd is running
  --wallet-host TEXT=localhost
                              the host where eos-walletd is running
  --wallet-port UINT=8888     the port where eos-walletd is running
  -v,--verbose                output verbose messages on error

Subcommands:
  version                     Retrieve version information
  create                      Create various items, on and off the blockchain
  get                         Retrieve various items and information from the blockchain
  set                         Set or update blockchain state
  transfer                    Transfer EOS from account to account
  net                         Interact with local p2p network connections
  wallet                      Interact with local wallet
  benchmark                   Configure and execute benchmarks
  push                        Push arbitrary transactions to the blockchain
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eos-walletd

EOS 钱包主程序。

launcher

用于简化多个eosd在LAN下分发。可以用CLI对每个node的配置文件进行配置。

snapshot

位于EOSIO/genesis下的一个模块，其中有一个nodejs程序用于生成密集交易合约快照。

工具

eoscpp

用于生成ABI规范文件的工具

eoscpp能够识别合约中源代码内容，生成ABI规范文件。

如需申明一个类型到处到ABI中，比如是一个操作，或者是一张表格，必须在类型生命之前的注释中添加**@abi**标识符。

语法如下：

@abi action [name name2 ... nameN]
@abi table [index_type name]

eoscpp在使用的时候必须附加上-g选项。

eoscpp -g abi.json types.hpp
Generated abi.json ...
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eoscpp当然也可以用以生成序列化/逆序列化的辅助函数。

eoscpp -g abi.json -gs types.hpp
Generated abi.json ...
Generated types.gen.hpp ...
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例子

申明一个操作

#include <eoslib/types.hpp>
#include <eoslib/string.hpp>

//@abi action
struct action_name {
  uint64_t    param1;
  uint64_t    param2;
  eosio::string param3;
};
{
  "types": [],
  "structs": [{
      "name": "action_name",
      "base": "",
      "fields": {
        "param1": "uint64",
        "param2": "uint64",
        "param3": "string"
      }
    }
  ],
  "actions": [{
      "action_name": "actionname",
      "type": "action_name"
    }
  ],
  "tables": []
}
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一次申明多个操作

#include <eoslib/types.hpp>
#include <eoslib/string.hpp>

//@abi action action1 action2
struct action_name {
  uint64_t param1;
  uint64_t param2;
  eosio::string   param3;
};
{
  "types": [],
  "structs": [{
      "name": "action_name",
      "base": "",
      "fields": {
        "param1": "uint64",
        "param2": "uint64",
        "param3": "string"
      }
    }
  ],
  "actions": [{
      "action_name": "action1",
      "type": "action_name"
    },{
      "action_name": "action2",
      "type": "action_name"
    }
  ],
  "tables": []
}
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申明一张表

#include <eoslib/types.hpp>
#include <eoslib/string.hpp>

//@abi table
struct my_table {
  uint64_t key;
};
{
  "types": [],
  "structs": [{
      "name": "my_table",
      "base": "",
      "fields": {
        "key": "uint64"
      }
    }
  ],
  "actions": [],
  "tables": [{
      "table_name": "mytable",
      "index_type": "i64",
      "key_names": [
        "key"
      ],
      "key_types": [
        "uint64"
      ],
      "type": "my_table"
    }
  ]
}
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申明一张有明确类型的表格

#include <eoslib/types.hpp>

//@abi table i64
struct my_new_table {
  uint64_t key;
  uint64_t name;
  uint64_t age;
};
{
  "types": [],
  "structs": [{
      "name": "my_new_table",
      "base": "",
      "fields": {
        "key": "uint64",
        "name": "uint64",
        "age": "uint64"
      }
    }
  ],
  "actions": [],
  "tables": [{
      "table_name": "mynewtable",
      "index_type": "i64",
      "key_names": [
        "key"
      ],
      "key_types": [
        "uint64"
      ],
      "type": "my_new_table"
    }
  ]
}
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申明有相同结构的表和操作

#include <eoslib/types.hpp>
#include <eoslib/string.hpp>

/*
 * @abi table
 * @abi action
 */ 
struct my_type {
  eosio::string key;
  eosio::name value;
};
{
  "types": [],
  "structs": [{
      "name": "my_type",
      "base": "",
      "fields": {
        "key": "string",
        "value": "name"
      }
    }
  ],
  "actions": [{
      "action_name": "mytype",
      "type": "my_type"
    }
  ],
  "tables": [{
      "table_name": "mytype",
      "index_type": "str",
      "key_names": [
        "key"
      ],
      "key_types": [
        "string"
      ],
      "type": "my_type"
    }
  ]
}
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定义类型导出的案例

#include <eoslib/types.hpp>
struct simple {
  uint64_t u64;
};

typedef simple simple_alias;
typedef eosio::name name_alias;

//@abi action
struct action_one : simple_alias {
  uint32_t u32;
  name_alias name;
};
{
  "types": [{
      "new_type_name": "simple_alias",
      "type": "simple"
    },{
      "new_type_name": "name_alias",
      "type": "name"
    }
  ],
  "structs": [{
      "name": "simple",
      "base": "",
      "fields": {
        "u64": "uint64"
      }
    },{
      "name": "action_one",
      "base": "simple_alias",
      "fields": {
        "u32": "uint32",
        "name": "name_alias"
      }
    }
  ],
  "actions": [{
      "action_name": "actionone",
      "type": "action_one"
    }
  ],
  "tables": []
}
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使用生成的序列化/逆序列化函数

#include <eoslib/types.hpp>
#include <eoslib/string.hpp>

struct simple {
  uint32_t u32;
  fixed_string16 s16;
};

struct my_complex_type {
  uint64_t u64;
  eosio::string str;
  simple simple;
  bytes bytes;
  public_key pub;
};

typedef my_complex_type complex;

//@abi action
struct test_action {
  uint32_t u32;
  complex cplx;
};
void apply( uint64_t code, uint64_t action ) {
   if( code == N(mycontract) ) {
      if( action == N(testaction) ) {
        auto msg = eosio::current_message<test_action>();
        eosio::print("test_action content\n");
        eosio::dump(msg);
         
        bytes b = eosio::raw::pack(msg);
        printhex(b.data, b.len);
     }
  }
}
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限制：表和操作名称不能用下划线（“_”）

用测试值去调用合约

eosc push message mycontract testaction '{"u32":"1000", "cplx":{"u64":"472", "str":"hello", "bytes":"B0CA", "pub":"EOS8CY2pCW5THmzvPTgEh5WLEAxgpVFXaPogPvgvVpVWCYMRdzmwx", "simple":{"u32":"164","s16":"small-string"}}}' -S mycontract
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产生的结果如下：

test_action content
u32:[1000]
cplx:[
  u64:[472]
  str:[hello]
  simple:[
    u32:[164]
    s16:[small-string]
  ]
  bytes:[b0ca]
  pub:[03b41078f445628882fe8c1e629909cbbd67ff4b592b832264dac187ac730177f1]
]
e8030000d8010000000000000568656c6c6fa40000000c736d616c6c2d737472696e6702b0ca03b41078f445628882fe8c1e629909cbbd67ff4b592b832264dac187ac730177f1
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