【Android】 Android中Log调试详解

本文详细介绍了 Android 开发中常用的 Log 类及其使用方法。Log 类提供了不同级别的日志记录功能,如 VERBOSE、DEBUG、INFO、WARN 和 ERROR 等。文章通过实例展示了如何在代码中调用这些方法来记录不同类型的日志。

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LOG类:
public final class
Log
extends Object
java.lang.Object
  android.util.Log


Constants
int ASSERT Priority constant for the println method.
int DEBUG Priority constant for the println method; use Log.d. 输出DEBUG故障日志信息
int ERROR Priority constant for the println method; use Log.e. 输出ERROR错误日志信息
int INFO Priority constant for the println method; use Log.i. 输出INFO程序日志信息
int VERBOSE Priority constant for the println method; use Log.v. 输出VERBOSE冗余日志信息

int WARN Priority constant for the println method; use Log.w. 输出WARN警告日志信息


参考示例:

package com.ceac.test7;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;


public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements OnClickListener{

	private Button button;
	private Button button2;
	private Button button3;
	private Button button4;
	private Button button5;
	
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
        button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);
        button4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button4);
        button5 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button5);
        
        button.setOnClickListener(this);
        button2.setOnClickListener(this);
        button3.setOnClickListener(this);
        button4.setOnClickListener(this);
        button5.setOnClickListener(this);
        
    }

	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.button1:
			Log.d("debug", "DEBUG");
			break;
		case R.id.button2:
			Log.e("error", "ERROR");
			break;
		case R.id.button3:
			Log.i("info", "INFO");
			break;
		case R.id.button4:
			Log.v("verbose", "VERBOSE");
			break;
		case R.id.button5:
			Log.w("warn", "WARN");
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		
	}
}

运行结果:





Android源码详解:


/*
 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package android.util;

import com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit;

import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * API for sending log output.
 *
 * <p>Generally, use the Log.v() Log.d() Log.i() Log.w() and Log.e()
 * methods.
 *
 * <p>The order in terms of verbosity, from least to most is
 * ERROR, WARN, INFO, DEBUG, VERBOSE.  Verbose should never be compiled
 * into an application except during development.  Debug logs are compiled
 * in but stripped at runtime.  Error, warning and info logs are always kept.
 *
 * <p><b>Tip:</b> A good convention is to declare a <code>TAG</code> constant
 * in your class:
 *
 * <pre>private static final String TAG = "MyActivity";</pre>
 *
 * and use that in subsequent calls to the log methods.
 * </p>
 *
 * <p><b>Tip:</b> Don't forget that when you make a call like
 * <pre>Log.v(TAG, "index=" + i);</pre>
 * that when you're building the string to pass into Log.d, the compiler uses a
 * StringBuilder and at least three allocations occur: the StringBuilder
 * itself, the buffer, and the String object.  Realistically, there is also
 * another buffer allocation and copy, and even more pressure on the gc.
 * That means that if your log message is filtered out, you might be doing
 * significant work and incurring significant overhead.
 */
public final class Log {

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.v.
     */
    public static final int VERBOSE = 2;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.d.
     */
    public static final int DEBUG = 3;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.i.
     */
    public static final int INFO = 4;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.w.
     */
    public static final int WARN = 5;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method; use Log.e.
     */
    public static final int ERROR = 6;

    /**
     * Priority constant for the println method.
     */
    public static final int ASSERT = 7;

    /**
     * Exception class used to capture a stack trace in {@link #wtf()}.
     */
    private static class TerribleFailure extends Exception {
        TerribleFailure(String msg, Throwable cause) { super(msg, cause); }
    }

    /**
     * Interface to handle terrible failures from {@link #wtf()}.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public interface TerribleFailureHandler {
        void onTerribleFailure(String tag, TerribleFailure what);
    }

    private static TerribleFailureHandler sWtfHandler = new TerribleFailureHandler() {
            public void onTerribleFailure(String tag, TerribleFailure what) {
                RuntimeInit.wtf(tag, what);
            }
        };

    private Log() {
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #VERBOSE} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int v(String tag, String msg) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, VERBOSE, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #VERBOSE} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int v(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, VERBOSE, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #DEBUG} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int d(String tag, String msg) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, DEBUG, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #DEBUG} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int d(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, DEBUG, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Send an {@link #INFO} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int i(String tag, String msg) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, INFO, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #INFO} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int i(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, INFO, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #WARN} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int w(String tag, String msg) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, WARN, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #WARN} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int w(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, WARN, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Checks to see whether or not a log for the specified tag is loggable at the specified level.
     *
     *  The default level of any tag is set to INFO. This means that any level above and including
     *  INFO will be logged. Before you make any calls to a logging method you should check to see
     *  if your tag should be logged. You can change the default level by setting a system property:
     *      'setprop log.tag.<YOUR_LOG_TAG> <LEVEL>'
     *  Where level is either VERBOSE, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR, ASSERT, or SUPPRESS. SUPPRESS will
     *  turn off all logging for your tag. You can also create a local.prop file that with the
     *  following in it:
     *      'log.tag.<YOUR_LOG_TAG>=<LEVEL>'
     *  and place that in /data/local.prop.
     *
     * @param tag The tag to check.
     * @param level The level to check.
     * @return Whether or not that this is allowed to be logged.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException is thrown if the tag.length() > 23.
     */
    public static native boolean isLoggable(String tag, int level);

    /*
     * Send a {@link #WARN} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int w(String tag, Throwable tr) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, WARN, tag, getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * Send an {@link #ERROR} log message.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int e(String tag, String msg) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, ERROR, tag, msg);
    }

    /**
     * Send a {@link #ERROR} log message and log the exception.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static int e(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, ERROR, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
    }

    /**
     * What a Terrible Failure: Report a condition that should never happen.
     * The error will always be logged at level ASSERT with the call stack.
     * Depending on system configuration, a report may be added to the
     * {@link android.os.DropBoxManager} and/or the process may be terminated
     * immediately with an error dialog.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     */
    public static int wtf(String tag, String msg) {
        return wtf(tag, msg, null);
    }

    /**
     * What a Terrible Failure: Report an exception that should never happen.
     * Similar to {@link #wtf(String, String)}, with an exception to log.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.
     * @param tr An exception to log.
     */
    public static int wtf(String tag, Throwable tr) {
        return wtf(tag, tr.getMessage(), tr);
    }

    /**
     * What a Terrible Failure: Report an exception that should never happen.
     * Similar to {@link #wtf(String, Throwable)}, with a message as well.
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @param tr An exception to log.  May be null.
     */
    public static int wtf(String tag, String msg, Throwable tr) {
        TerribleFailure what = new TerribleFailure(msg, tr);
        int bytes = println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, ASSERT, tag, msg + '\n' + getStackTraceString(tr));
        sWtfHandler.onTerribleFailure(tag, what);
        return bytes;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the terrible failure handler, for testing.
     *
     * @return the old handler
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public static TerribleFailureHandler setWtfHandler(TerribleFailureHandler handler) {
        if (handler == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("handler == null");
        }
        TerribleFailureHandler oldHandler = sWtfHandler;
        sWtfHandler = handler;
        return oldHandler;
    }

    /**
     * Handy function to get a loggable stack trace from a Throwable
     * @param tr An exception to log
     */
    public static String getStackTraceString(Throwable tr) {
        if (tr == null) {
            return "";
        }

        // This is to reduce the amount of log spew that apps do in the non-error
        // condition of the network being unavailable.
        Throwable t = tr;
        while (t != null) {
            if (t instanceof UnknownHostException) {
                return "";
            }
            t = t.getCause();
        }

        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
        tr.printStackTrace(pw);
        return sw.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Low-level logging call.
     * @param priority The priority/type of this log message
     * @param tag Used to identify the source of a log message.  It usually identifies
     *        the class or activity where the log call occurs.
     * @param msg The message you would like logged.
     * @return The number of bytes written.
     */
    public static int println(int priority, String tag, String msg) {
        return println_native(LOG_ID_MAIN, priority, tag, msg);
    }

    /** @hide */ public static final int LOG_ID_MAIN = 0;
    /** @hide */ public static final int LOG_ID_RADIO = 1;
    /** @hide */ public static final int LOG_ID_EVENTS = 2;
    /** @hide */ public static final int LOG_ID_SYSTEM = 3;

    /** @hide */ public static native int println_native(int bufID,
            int priority, String tag, String msg);
}


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