[root@szm logrotate.d]# history 5

 1338  cat ~/.bashrc 
 1339  history 5
 1340  history
 1341  q
 1342  history 5
 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# !!
 
 
命令搜索模式Ctrl+r：(reverse-i-search)`': 
 
上次使用参数：Alt+.     或者      Esc+.     或者     $!
 
 
命令编辑技巧：Ctrl+a,e,u,k,方向键（首，尾，删除首，删除尾，单词移动）
 
 

Terminal快捷键：

Ctrl+Shift+t：新建标签

Ctrl+Shift+PaUP/PgDn：标签切换

Ctrl+Shift+c：复制

Ctrl+Shift+v：粘贴

Ctrl+Shift+w：关闭

Ctrl+Shift++：放大

Ctrl+-：缩小

标签切换：Alt+1234……

$()：作用与``相同

{}：执行命令

 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# help alias
alias: alias [-p] [name[=value] ... ]
    Define or display aliases.
    
    Without arguments, `alias' prints the list of aliases in the reusable
    form `alias NAME=VALUE' on standard output.
    
    Otherwise, an alias is defined for each NAME whose VALUE is given.
    A trailing space in VALUE causes the next word to be checked for
    alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
    
    Options:
      -p Print all defined aliases in a reusable format
    
    Exit Status:
    alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been
    defined.
 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# alias -p
alias cp='cp -i'
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='rm -i'
alias which='alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'
 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# alias cls=clear
 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# help unalias
unalias: unalias [-a] name [name ...]
    Remove each NAME from the list of defined aliases.
    
    Options:
      -a remove all alias definitions.
    
    Return success unless a NAME is not an existing alias.
 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# unalias cls
 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# alias -p
alias cp='cp -i'
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='rm -i'
alias which='alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'
 
系统环境变量参数：
[root@szm logrotate.d]# env
 
 
PS参数查找：[root@szm logrotate.d]# man bash
 
PATH路径的添加
[root@szm logrotate.d]# PATH=$PATH:/path
[root@szm logrotate.d]# echo $PATH
/usr/lib/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/path
 
全局配置文件：系统环境变量（PATH，MAIL，LOGINNAME，HOSTNAME，HISTORYSIZE，/etc/profile.d）,login登录时候必须加载的一个配置文件；
[root@szm logrotate.d]# cat /etc/profile
# /etc/profile
 
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
 
# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.
 
pathmunge () {
    case ":${PATH}:" in
        *:"$1":*)
            ;;
        *)
            if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
                PATH=$PATH:$1
            else
                PATH=$1:$PATH
            fi
    esac
}
 
 
if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
    if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
        # ksh workaround
        EUID=`id -u`
        UID=`id -ru`
    fi
    USER="`id -un`"
    LOGNAME=$USER
    MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi
 
# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
    pathmunge /sbin
    pathmunge /usr/sbin
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
    pathmunge /usr/sbin after
    pathmunge /sbin after
fi
 
HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null`
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi
 
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL
 
# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
    umask 002
else
    umask 022
fi
 
for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null 2>&1
        fi
    fi
done
 
unset i
unset -f pathmunge
 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# cat /etc/profile.d/
colorls.csh                glib2.sh                   less.csh                   vim.csh
colorls.sh                 gnome-ssh-askpass.csh      less.sh                    vim.sh
cvs.csh                    gnome-ssh-askpass.sh       qt.csh                     which2.sh
cvs.sh                     lang.csh                   qt.sh                      
glib2.csh                  lang.sh                    udisks-bash-completion.sh 
 
bash环境配置文件：这个文件是所有的Shell都要加载的配置文件，不论是login不是no-login
[root@szm logrotate.d]# cat /etc/bashrc 
 
用户环境配置文件：
[root@szm logrotate.d]# cat ~/.bash_profile 
# .bash_profile
 
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
 
# User specific environment and startup programs
 
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
 
export PATH
 
用户级别的Bash环境配置文件：
 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# cat ~/.bashrc 
# .bashrc
 
# User specific aliases and functions
 
alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'
 
# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
. /etc/bashrc
fi
[root@szm logrotate.d]# cat ~/.bash_logout 
# ~/.bash_logout
 
应用配置生效：
[root@szm logrotate.d]# source /etc/bashrc 
[root@szm logrotate.d]# . /etc/bashrc