SQL 之查询操作重复记录-优快云博客

本文介绍如何使用SQL查询和删除数据库中的重复记录，包括基于单个字段或多字段的重复记录处理方法，并提供了针对不同数据库（如DB2和SQL Server）的具体实现。

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　　有时，我们的数据表中会存在一些冗余数据，这就要求我们查询并操作这些冗余数据。

一、查询表中重复记录

　　例如，查找重复记录是根据单个字段（peopleId）来判断

SELECT * FROM Tpeople 
  WHERE peopleId IN ( SELECT peopleId FROM Tpeople GROUP BY peopleId HAVING COUNT(peopleId) > 1)

二、删除表中多余的重复记录

　　例如，重复记录是根据单个字段（peopleId）来判断，只保留最先增加的记录，下面是保留ID最小的记录

DELETE FROM Tpeople 
  WHERE peopleName IN ( SELECT peopleName FROM Tpeople GROUP BY peopleName HAVING COUNT(peopleName)>1) 
    AND peopleId NOT IN ( SELECT MIN(peopleId) FROM Tpeople GROUP BY peopleName HAVING COUNT(peopleName)>1)

三、查找表中多余的重复记录（多个字段）
　　A，DB2中可以如下查询

SELECT * FROM vitae TA
 WHERE (TA.peopleId, TA.seq) IN ( SELECT peopleId,seq FROM vitae TB GROUP BY peopleId,seq HAVING COUNT(*) > 1)

　　B，SQLServer如下查询

SELECT * FROM vitae TA
 WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM vitae TB WHERE TB.peopleId=TA.peopleId AND TB.seq =TA.seq GROUP BY peopleId,seq HAVING COUNT(1) > 1)

四、删除表中多余的重复记录（多个字段），只留有最先插入的记录

　　A，DB2中可以如下删除

DELETE FROM vitae TA
  WHERE (TA.peopleId,TA.seq) IN (SELECT peopleId,seq FROM vitae TB GROUP BY peopleId,seq HAVING COUNT(1) > 1) 
    AND rowid NOT IN ( SELECT MIN(rowid) FROM vitae TC GROUP BY peopleId,seq HAVING COUNT(1)>1)

　　B，SQLServer中如下删除

DELETE FROM vitae TA
  WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM vitae TB WHERE TB.peopleId=TA.peopleId AND TB.seq =TA.seq GROUP BY peopleId,seq HAVING COUNT(1) > 1)
    AND rowid NOT IN ( SELECT MIN(rowid) FROM vitae TC GROUP BY peopleId,seq HAVING COUNT(1)>1)