环境信息:
系统版本:Win7(64位)
Tomcat版本:apache-tomcat-8.0.9
Apache版本:httpd-2.4.25-x64-vc14-r1.zip
mod_jk版本:tomcat-connectors-1.2.40-windows-x86_64-httpd-2.4.x.zip
一、Apache下载安装
- Apache下载
官网地址:http://http://www.apachehaus.com/cgi-bin/download.plx
2.解压Apache
3.修改配置文件httpd.conf
把SRVROOT改成文件夹路径 (38行)
Define SRVROOT "D:/apache2.4/Apache24"
ServerRoot "${SRVROOT}"
4.安装Apache
进入DOS命令,到D:\apache2.4\Apache24\bin目录下 输入安装命令:
httpd -k install
5.启动Apache
有两种方式:
1.安装路径下双击ApacheMonitor.exe,就会出现图形化界面(主界面右下角会出现一个apache的图标),在这里可以启动/停止/重新启动apache服务器。 2.在命令行里输入 httpd -k start
其他命令: apache -k uninstall //卸载 httpd -k restart //重启 httpd -k stop //停止
二、部署tomcat集群
1 创建Tomcat-Cluster目录
在D盘下新建Tomcat-Cluster文件夹,在Tomcat-Cluster下新建两个文件夹Tomcat1,Tomcat2
2.将Tomcat(apache-tomcat-8.0.9文件夹)下的文件拷贝到Tomcat1
- 创建测试项目TestCluster
在D:\ Tomcat-Cluster\Tomcat1\webapps下,创建TestCluster文件夹,然后将ROOT文件夹下的WEB-INF文件夹拷贝到TestCluster下
打开TestCluster\WEB-INF\web.xml
在</web-app>上面添加<distributable/>
(设置<distributable/>,即表明集群下某一节点生成或改变的Session,将广播到该集群的其它节点)
在TestCluster文件夹下新建index.jsp
4.修改Tomcat1的Server.xml(Tomcat1\conf\Server.xml)
- a. 将Server标签下的8005端口改为7005,Connector标签下8080,8009端口改为7080,7009(为了避免端口冲突)
- b.在Engine标签内添加jvmRoute属性,将其设置为” Tomcat1”
- c.将Cluster标签的注释打开
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--将端口号由8005改为7005 -->
<Server port="7005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
<GlobalNamingResources>
<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>
<Service name="Catalina">
<!--将端口号由8080改为7080 -->
<Connector port="7080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<!--将端口号由8009改为7009 -->
<Connector port="7009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<!--在Engine标签添加jvmRoute属性-->
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="Tomcat1">
<!--将Cluster标签的注释去掉-->
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
5.配置Tomcat2
将Tomcat1下的文件拷贝到Tomcat2
修改Tomcat2的Server.xml
-
a.将端口7005,7080,7009改为9005,9080,9009
-
b.Engine标签内的jvmRoute改为” Tomcat2”
-
c.将Cluster标签的注释打开
6.启动Tomcat集群
(如果之前配置过Tomcat的环境变量,要先将Tomcat的环境变量删除)
双击Tomcat1\bin\startup.bat、Tomcat2\bin\startup.bat
在浏览器下输入:http://localhost:7080/TestCluster/index.jsp,即可访问集群下Tomcat1节点的TestCluster
在浏览器下输入:http://localhost:9080/TestCluster/index.jsp,即可访问集群下Tomcat2节点的TestCluster
可以看到Tomcat1、Tomcat2两个节点的Session一样
###** 三、整合Apache与Tomcat集群**
整合Apache与Tomcat集群可以使用mod_proxy_balancer也可以使用mod_jk
这里我们使用mod_jk。
1.解压tomcat-connectors-1.2.40-windows-x86_64-httpd-2.4.x.zip,可得到”mod_jk.so”。将”mod_jk.so”拷到Apache 2.2\modules目录下
2.在Apache 2.2\conf下新建workers.properties
worker.list=controller,Tomcat1,Tomcat2
#========Tomcat1========
worker.Tomcat1.port=7009
worker.Tomcat1.host=localhost
worker.Tomcat1.type=ajp13
worker.Tomcat1.lbfactor=1
#========Tomcat2========
worker.Tomcat2.port=9009
worker.Tomcat2.host=localhost
worker.Tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.Tomcat2.lbfactor=1
#========controller========
worker.controller.type=lb
worker.controller.balanced_workers=Tomcat1,Tomcat2
worker.controller.sticky_session=false
(如果worker.controller.sticky_session设为true,则同一用户的同一session始终和一个Tomcat节点交互)
3.在Apache 2.2\conf下新建mod_jk.conf
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
JkMount /* controller
LoadModule - 加载modules/mod_jk.so模块 JkWorkersFile-workers.properties的位置 JkMount-Apache将localhost下的所有请求转发给controller处理
4.修改httpd.conf
打开httpd.conf(Apache 2.2\conf\httpd.conf),将尾部的include conf/mod_proxy_balancer.conf注释掉,并添加一行代码
include conf/mod_jk.conf
5.测试
重启Apache,然后在浏览器下输入http://localhost/TestCluster/index.jsp,可看到如下页面
两次请求,分别转发到了Tomcat1节点、Tomcat2节点,并且两个节点的Session一样
Apache和Tomcat集群整合后,Apache是接收请求的入口,它根据设置的转发请求条件,决定将哪些请求转发个Tomcat处理
通常的应用场景为:Apache作为Web Server,它只负责处理静态页面,而动态页面会交给Tomcat(App Server)处理
###四、批处理Tomcat
由于一个个去启动tomcat太麻烦,所以这里写了一个脚本进行批处理
@echo off
title tomcat集群管理
:allStart
cls
echo.
echo 1.开启tomcat
echo 2.关闭tomcat
echo e.退出
echo.
set in=
set /p in=请输入:
if "%in%"=="1" goto startAllWork
if "%in%"=="2" goto endAllWork
if "%in%"=="e" goto allClose
:startAllWork
echo 正在启动tomcat集群服务
echo 启动tomcat1
set JAVA_HOME=D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_45
set CATALINA_HOME=D:\Tomcat-Cluster\tomcat1
call="%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\startup.bat"
echo 启动tomcat2
set JAVA_HOME=D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_45
set CATALINA_HOME=D:\Tomcat-Cluster\tomcat2
call="%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\startup.bat"
echo 启动完毕!
echo.
pause
goto allStart
:endAllWork
echo 正在关闭tomcat集群服务
echo 关闭tomcat1
set CATALINA_HOME=D:\Tomcat-Cluster\tomcat1
call="%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\shutdown.bat"
echo 关闭tomcat2
set CATALINA_HOME=D:\Tomcat-Cluster\tomcat2
call="%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\shutdown.bat"
echo 关闭完毕!
echo.
pause
goto allStart
:allClose
echo 按任意键退出
pause
exit
参考文章: