A-2 字符(串_行)输入输出

/* //#include<stdio.h>
* ==============基本操作=====================================
* 1. FILE *fp; //file pointer    
* 2. FILE *fopen(char *fileName, char *mode); // fp = fopen (fileName, mode);
*            read ("r"), write ("w"), append ("a"), binary("b")
*            失败时，回返回NULL指针
* 3. int fclose(FILE *fp)
* ================以字符为单位读写文件====================
* 1. int getc(FILE *fp)
*            读一个字符，fp指向stream的下一个字符，当文件结尾或出错时，返回EOF。
* 2. int putc(int ch, FILE *fp)
*            向fp中写入一个字符，并返回该字符，出错时返回EOF。
* 3. int fgetc(FILE *fp)
* 4. int fputc(int ch, FILE *fp)
* =========从标准输入输出读写字符======================
* 5. #define getchar()        getc(stdin)
* 6. #define putchar(c) putc(c, stdout)
* =================以行为单位读写文件=====================
* 1. char *fgets(char *line, int maxLine, FILE *fp);
*            从fp中最多读maxline-1个字符到line字符数组中，line以'\0'结尾
*            若出错或者文件尾，fgets返回NULL
* 2. int fputs(char *line, FILE *fp);
*            向fp中写入一行line
*            //若出错，fputs返回EOF，否则返回非0
* =========从标准输入输出读写行======================
* 3. char *gets(char *line);
* 4. int puts(const char *line);
* =================以参数为单位读写文件====================
* 1. int fscanf(FILE *fp, char *format, arg1, arg2, ...)
*            //从文件中读值给参数变量
* 2. int fprintf(FILE *fp, char *format, arg1,arg2, ...)
*            //将参数的值写到文件中
* =============================
* 3. int scanf(char *format, arg1，...)
*            //从标准keyboard读入参数值，返回成功保存的参数个数
* 4. int printf(char *format, arg1, arg2, ...);
*            //向标准screen打印参数值
* =============================
* 4. int sprintf(char *string, char *format, arg1, arg2, ...);
*            向字符串string打印参数值
* 6. int sscanf(char *string, char *format, arg1, arg2, ...);
*            从string中读取数据
* =================标准判断================================
* 1. FILE *常量：stdin，stdout，stderr //标准输入输出
*            fprintf(stderr, "program %s: can't open file %s", progName, fileName);
* 2. int ferror(FILE *fp)
*            当fp发生错误时，ferror返回非0
*            if(ferror(stdout)){ //输出错虽然少，但也有可能，例如磁盘满
*                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: error writing stdout\n", progName);
*                    exit(2);
*            }
* 3. int feof(FILE *fp)
*            //当fp到达文件尾时，feof返回非0    
*/

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/amao99/247499