本文详细介绍了Cisco 3550交换机IOS升级的步骤，包括配置管理地址、备份现有IOS、删除旧IOS、上传新IOS、更改启动引导文件及重启验证等，并提供了遇到常见问题时的解决办法。
一 配置C3550的管理地址
配置管理地址的目的是方便把设备上现有的IOS备份出去以及把新的IOS传到3550的FLASH上来
Switch>enable
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#int vlan 1
Switch(config-if)#ip add 10.1.27.240 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#ip default-gateway 10.1.27.254
Switch(config)#^Z
Switch#show ip int bri
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
VLAN1 10.1.27.240 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/2 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/3 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/4 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/5 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/6 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/7 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/8 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/9 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/10 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/11 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/12 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/13 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/14 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/15 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/16 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/17 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/18 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/19 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/20 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/21 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/22 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/23 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/24 unassigned YES unset up up
GigabitEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset down down
GigabitEthernet0/2 unassigned YES unset down down
Switch#ping 10.1.27.59
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.27.59, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/3 ms
Switch#
二备份现有的IOS和配置
在PC机上运行TFTPserver，把设备当前运行的IOS和配置文件上传到PC机上。
Switch#dir
Directory of flash:/
2 -rwx 1645807 Mar 01 1993 01:10:52 c3500XL-c3h2s-mz-120.5.2-XU.bin
3 -rwx 305 Mar 01 1993 00:28:01 env_vars
4 drwx 6784 Jul 18 2000 01:47:41 html
111 -rwx 1367 Mar 01 1993 00:51:00 01
112 -rwx 600 Mar 01 1993 00:01:52 vlan.dat
114 -rwx 1125 Mar 01 1993 00:05:10 config.text
3612672 bytes total (937472 bytes free)
Switch#copy flash tftp
Source filename []? c3500XL-c3h2s-mz-120.5.2-XU.bin
Address or name of remote host []? 10.1.27.59
Destination filename [c3500XL-c3h2s-mz-120.5.2-XU.bin]?
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
1645807 bytes copied in 12.79 secs (137150 bytes/sec)
Switch#
三 删除设备上现有的IOS
由于考虑到设备的硬件flash大小不够，所以要把现有的IOS删除掉，以便新的IOS顺利上传到flash上来。
Switch#delete c3500XL-c3h2s-mz-120.5.2-XU.bin
Delete filename [c3500XL-c3h2s-mz-120.5.2-XU.bin]?
Delete flash:c3500XL-c3h2s-mz-120.5.2-XU.bin? [confirm]
Switch#dir
Directory of flash:/
3 -rwx 305 Mar 01 1993 00:28:01 env_vars
4 drwx 6784 Jul 18 2000 01:47:41 html
111 -rwx 1367 Mar 01 1993 00:51:00 01
112 -rwx 600 Mar 01 1993 00:01:52 vlan.dat
114 -rwx 1125 Mar 01 1993 00:05:10 config.text
3612672 bytes total (2584064 bytes free)
Switch#
四上传新的IOS到flash
把新的IOS放在TFTP server的root目录下
Switch#dir
Directory of flash:/
3 -rwx 305 Mar 01 1993 00:28:01 env_vars
4 drwx 6784 Jul 18 2000 01:47:41 html
111 -rwx 1367 Mar 01 1993 00:51:00 01
112 -rwx 600 Mar 01 1993 00:01:52 vlan.dat
114 -rwx 1125 Mar 01 1993 00:05:10 config.text
3612672 bytes total (2584064 bytes free)
Switch#copy tftp flash
Address or name of remote host [10.1.27.59]?
Source filename [c3500XL-c3h2s-mz-120.5.2-XU.bin]? c3550-smi.bin
Destination filename [c3550-smi.bin]?
Accessing tftp://10.1.27.59/c3550-smi.bin...
Loading c3550-smi.bin from 10.1.27.59 (via VLAN1): !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OK - 1645807 bytes]
1645807 bytes copied in 48.334 secs (34287 bytes/sec)
Switch#dir
Directory of flash:/
2 -rwx 1645807 Mar 01 1993 00:18:31 c3550-smi.bin
3 -rwx 305 Mar 01 1993 00:28:01 env_vars
4 drwx 6784 Jul 18 2000 01:47:41 html
111 -rwx 1367 Mar 01 1993 00:51:00 01
112 -rwx 600 Mar 01 1993 00:01:52 vlan.dat
114 -rwx 1125 Mar 01 1993 00:05:10 config.text
3612672 bytes total (937472 bytes free)
Switch#
五更改设备启动引导文件
更改设备的系统引导文件，以便设备正常从新的IOS启动。
Switch#show boot
BOOT path-list: flash:c3500XL-c3h2s-mz-120.5.2-XU.bin
Config file: flash:config.text
Enable Break: no
Manual Boot: no
HELPER path-list:
NVRAM/Config file buffer size: 32768
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#boot system flash:c3550-smi.bin
Switch(config)#^Z
Switch#wr
00:20:41: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Switch#show boot
BOOT path-list: flash:c3550-smi.bin
Config file: flash:config.text
Enable Break: no
Manual Boot: no
HELPER path-list:
NVRAM/Config file
buffer size: 32768
Switch#
六重新启动查看是否升级成功
Cisco-3550-SMI#reload
Proceed with reload? [confirm]
00:05:32: %SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested
C3500XL Boot Loader (C3500-HBOOT-M) Version 12.0(5.2)XU, MAINTENANCE INTERIM SOFTWARE
Compiled Mon 17-Jul-00 18:42 by ayounes
starting...
Base ethernet MAC Address: 00:04:4d:72:87:c0
Xmodem file system is available.
Initializing Flash...
flashfs[0]: 110 files, 3 directories
flashfs[0]: 0 orphaned files, 0 orphaned directories
flashfs[0]: Total bytes: 3612672
flashfs[0]: Bytes used: 2675712
flashfs[0]: Bytes available: 936960
flashfs[0]: flashfs fsck took 3 seconds.
...done Initializing Flash.
Boot Sector Filesystem (bs:) installed, fsid: 3
Parameter Block Filesystem (pb:) installed, fsid: 4
Loading "flash:c3550-smi.bin"...###########################################################################################################################################################
File "flash:c3550-smi.bin" uncompressed and installed, entry point: 0x3000
executing...
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C3500XL Software (C3500XL-C3H2S-M), Version 12.0(5.2)XU, MAINTENANCE INTERIM SOFTWARE
Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 17-Jul-00 18:29 by ayounes
Image text-base: 0x00003000, data-base: 0x00301F3C
Initializing C3500XL flash...
flashfs[1]: 110 files, 3 directories
flashfs[1]: 0 orphaned files, 0 orphaned directories
flashfs[1]: Total bytes: 3612672
flashfs[1]: Bytes used: 2675712
flashfs[1]: Bytes available: 936960
flashfs[1]: flashfs fsck took 4 seconds.
flashfs[1]: Initialization complete.
...done Initializing C3500XL flash.
C3500XL POST: System Board Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: Daughter Card Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: CPU Buffer Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: CPU Notify RAM Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: CPU Interface Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: Testing Switch Core: Passed
C3500XL POST: Testing Buffer Table: Passed
C3500XL POST: Data Buffer Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: Configuring Switch Parameters: Passed
C3500XL POST: Ethernet Controller Test: Passed
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/9:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/10:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/11:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/12:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/13:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST: MII Test: Passed
cisco WS-C3524-XL (PowerPC403) processor (revision 0x01) with 8192K/1024K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID FAA0446W0XD, with hardware revision 0x00
Last reset from warm-reset
Processor is running Enterprise Edition Software
Cluster command switch capable
Cluster member switch capable
19 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
32K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory.
Base ethernet MAC Address: 00:04:4D:72:87:C0
Motherboard assembly number: 73-3904-11
Power supply part number: 34-0851-02
Motherboard serial number: FAB0445F1YR
Power supply serial number: NONE
Model revision number: A0
Model number: WS-C3524-XL-EN
System serial number: FAA0446W0XD
Press RETURN to get started!
七注意事项：
1路径和目标文件不一致问题
在升级过程中一定要小心，在敲命令行的时候特别要仔细，特别是在改启动路径的时候，如果启动路径的文件和flash里面的IOS不相同的话，是启动不了。解决方案
a 在switch模式下，查看系统启动路径的全称
Interrupt within 5 seconds to abort boot process.
Boot process failed...
The system is unable to boot automatically. The BOOT
environment variable needs to be set to a bootable
image.
switch: set
ASSEMBLY_REVISION_NUM=B0
BOOT=flash:c3550-smi.bin
MAC_ADDR=00:04:4D:72:87:C0
MODEL_NUM=WS-C3524-XL-EN
MODEL_REVISION_NUM=A0
MOTHERBOARD_ASSEMBLY_NUM=73-3904-11
MOTHERBOARD_SERIAL_NUM=FAB0445F1YR
POWER_SUPPLY_PART_NUM=34-0851-02
POWER_SUPPLY_SERIAL_NUM=NONE
SYSTEM_SERIAL_NUM=FAA0446W0XD
switch:
b查看flash下IOS的完全名称。
switch: dir flash:
Directory of flash:/
2 -rwx 1645824 <date> c35550-smi.bin
3 -rwx 1564 <date> config.text
4 drwx 6784 <date> html
111 -rwx 1367 <date> 01
112 -rwx 600 <date> vlan.dat
114 -rwx 290 <date> env_vars
936960 bytes available (2675712 bytes used)
switch:
c把flash里面的IOS的名称改成和boot里面的一致！
switch: rename flash:c35550-smi.bin flash:c3550-smi.bin
switch:
switch:
switch: dir flash:
Directory of flash:/
2 -rwx 1645824 <date> c3550-smi.bin
3 -rwx 1564 <date> config.text
4 drwx 6784 <date> html
111 -rwx 1367 <date> 01
112 -rwx 600 <date> vlan.dat
114 -rwx 290 <date> env_vars
936960 bytes available (2675712 bytes used)
switch:
d重启设备
switch: reset
Are you sure you want to reset the system (y/n)?y
System resetting...
C3500XL Boot Loader (C3500-HBOOT-M) Version 12.0(5.2)XU, MAINTENANCE INTERIM SOFTWARE
Compiled Mon 17-Jul-00 18:42 by ayounes
starting...
Base ethernet MAC Address: 00:04:4d:72:87:c0
Xmodem file system is available.
Initializing Flash...
flashfs[0]: 110 files, 3 directories
flashfs[0]: 0 orphaned files, 0 orphaned directories
flashfs[0]: Total bytes: 3612672
flashfs[0]: Bytes used: 2675712
flashfs[0]: Bytes available: 936960
flashfs[0]: flashfs fsck took 3 seconds.
...done Initializing Flash.
Boot Sector Filesystem (bs:) installed, fsid: 3
Parameter Block Filesystem (pb:) installed, fsid: 4
Loading "flash:c3550-smi.bin"...###########################################################################################################################################################
File "flash:c3550-smi.bin" uncompressed and installed, entry point: 0x3000
executing...
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C3500XL Software (C3500XL-C3H2S-M), Version 12.0(5.2)XU, MAINTENANCE INTERIM SOFTWARE
Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 17-Jul-00 18:29 by ayounes
Image text-base: 0x00003000, data-base: 0x00301F3C
Initializing C3500XL flash...
flashfs[1]: 110 files, 3 directories
flashfs[1]: 0 orphaned files, 0 orphaned directories
flashfs[1]: Total bytes: 3612672
flashfs[1]: Bytes used: 2675712
flashfs[1]: Bytes available: 936960
flashfs[1]: flashfs fsck took 4 seconds.
flashfs[1]: Initialization complete.
...done Initializing C3500XL flash.
C3500XL POST: System Board Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: Daughter Card Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: CPU Buffer Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: CPU Notify RAM Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: CPU Interface Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: Testing Switch Core: Passed
C3500XL POST: Testing Buffer Table: Passed
C3500XL POST: Data Buffer Test: Passed
C3500XL POST: Configuring Switch Parameters: Passed
C3500XL POST: Ethernet Controller Test: Passed
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/9:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/10:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/11:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/12:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST FAILURE: front-end post: FastEthernet0/13:
C3500XL POST FAILURE: looped-back packet not received
C3500XL POST: MII Test: Passed
cisco WS-C3524-XL (PowerPC403) processor (revision 0x01) with 8192K/1024K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID FAA0446W0XD, with hardware revision 0x00
Last reset from power-on
Processor is running Enterprise Edition Software
Cluster command switch capable
Cluster member switch capable
19 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
32K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory.
Base ethernet MAC Address: 00:04:4D:72:87:C0
Motherboard assembly number: 73-3904-11
Power supply part number: 34-0851-02
Motherboard serial number: FAB0445F1YR
Power supply serial number: NONE
Model revision number: A0
Model number: WS-C3524-XL-EN
System serial number: FAA0446W0XD
Press RETURN to get started!
2、IOS损坏或者其他导致IOS损坏不能正常启动
如果在升级过程中出现断电或者其他原因导致IOS没有完全写入flash中，但是flash中的旧的IOS又被删除掉了，解决方案
a只能采用超级终端用Xmodem来把IOS传到设备
只能采用超级终端用Xmodem来把IOS传到设备里面去，超级终端的设置采用默认设置就好了。
B在switch模式下执行采用xmodem
（很长时间，我试过39分钟）
c重启设备
传完后，重新启动就ok啦。
3启动路径不完全，导致设备不能正常启动
在升级过程中的最后一步，修改启动路径的时候，把路径写错了，比如我们今天就是这样的把本来正确的是boot system flash:c3550-smi.bin结果写成了boot system c3550-smi.bin导致设备不能正常启动。解决方案
a用set命令看设备当前运行的路径
switch: set
ASSEMBLY_REVISION_NUM=B0
BOOT=c3550-smi.bin
MAC_ADDR=00:04:4D:72:87:C0
MODEL_NUM=WS-C3524-XL-EN错误！未找到图形项目表。
MODEL_REVISION_NUM=A0
MOTHERBOARD_ASSEMBLY_NUM=73-3904-11
MOTHERBOARD_SERIAL_NUM=FAB0445F1YR
POWER_SUPPLY_PART_NUM=34-0851-02
POWER_SUPPLY_SERIAL_NUM=NONE
SYSTEM_SERIAL_NUM=FAA0446W0XD
switch:
b用set命令修改BOOT路径
switch: set boot flash:c3550-smi.bin
switch: set
ASSEMBLY_REVISION_NUM=B0
BOOT=flash:c3550-smi.bin
MAC_ADDR=00:04:4D:72:87:C0
MODEL_NUM=WS-C3524-XL-EN
MODEL_REVISION_NUM=A0
MOTHERBOARD_ASSEMBLY_NUM=73-3904-11
MOTHERBOARD_SERIAL_NUM=FAB0445F1YR
POWER_SUPPLY_PART_NUM=34-0851-02
POWER_SUPPLY_SERIAL_NUM=NONE
SYSTEM_SERIAL_NUM=FAA0446W0XD
switch:
c重新启动OK!
本文转自 maodou521 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/maodou/27579，如需转载请自行联系原作者
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