CCIE RS 笔试复习二

 

11. Refer to the exhibit. In the diagram, the switches are running IEEE 802.1w RSPT. On

which ports should root guard be enabled in order to facilitate deterministic root bridge

election under normal and failure scenarios?

如图所示,在这个图中,所有交换机运行IEEE802.1 RSPT协议,哪些端口将设置成root guard来帮助保障根桥交换机在正常和非常规的情况下,顺利选举成根桥

A. GE-3/1, GE-3/2

B. FE-2/1, FE-3/2

C. GE-1/1, GE-1/2

D. GE-4/1, GE-4/2

E. GE-2/1, GE-2/2

F. GE-3/1, GE-3/2, GE-4/1, GE-4/2, FE-2/1, FE-3/2 选项最长

Answer: F

order ['ɔ:də]

·                                 n.订单,命令

·                                 n. 顺序,整齐,勋章,阶级,决议

·                                 vt.命令,调整,定购

facilitate [fə'siliteit]

·                                 vt. 促进;帮助;使容易

 

deterministic [di,tə:mi'nistik]

·                                 adj. 确定性的;命运注定论的

elect [i'lekt]

·                                 adj. 选出的;当选的;卓越的

·                                 n. 被选的人;特殊阶层;上帝的选民

·                                 vt. 选举;选择;推选

·                                 vi. 作出选择;进行选举

failure ['feiljə]

·                                 n. 失败;故障;失败者;破产

 

scenarios [si'na:riəu]

·                                 n. 情节;脚本;情景介绍(scenario的复数)

分析:

 

开启了Root Guard功能的端口,如果在此端口上连接的新交换机试图成为根交换机,那么此端口并不会成为根端口,相反,此端口将进入inconsistent (blocked) 状态,从而防止新加入交换机抢占根角色来影响网络。只要控制好连接新加入交换机的端口角色。简单的说,就是把图中可以接入新交换机,成为根桥可能的端口设置为根保护----root guard

 

12. Loop guard and UniDirectional Link Detection both protect against Layer 2 STP loops. In

which two ways does loop guard differ from UDLD in loop detection and prevention? (Choose

two.)

环路检测和单向链路检测,保证2STP没有环路。这两种做法不同于UDLD中的环路检测吗?

A. Loop guard can be used with root guard simultaneously on the same port on the same

VLAN while UDLD cannot.

B. UDLD protects against STP failures caused by cabling problems that create one-way links.

UDLD 是为了防止电缆故障,造成一个单向故障

C. Loop guard detects and protects against duplicate packets being received and transmitted

on different ports.

D. UDLD protects against unidirectional cabling problems on copper and fiber media.

E. Loop guard protects against STP failures caused by problems that result in the loss of

BPDUs from a designated switch port.

环路检测保护是在BPDU信息在指定端口失效的故障

Answer: BE

单词:

unidirectional [,ju:nidi'rekʃənəl]

·                                 adj. 单向的;单向性的

detection [di'tekʃən]

·                                 n. 侦查,探测;发觉,发现;察觉

against [ə'ɡenst, ə'ɡeinst]

·                                 prep. 反对,违反;靠;倚;防备

·                                 adj. 不利的;对立的

 

prevention [pri'venʃən, pri:-]

·                                 n. 预防;阻止;妨碍

simultaneously [saiməl'teiniəsli]

·                                 adv. 同时地

分析:loop guard在所有非指定端口开启,其实就是根端口和blocking端口

UDLD使用一层协议来做单向链路检测,开启了UDLD的接口会向外发送Udld hello,可以理解为交换机之间的心跳,收到Udld hello的交换机必须向邻居回复,如果超过一定时间没有回复,那么就认为单向链路故障已经出现,就会采取相应措施。UDLD的运行分为两种模式:normal (默认) aggressiveNormal模式只能检测光纤上的单向链路故障,而aggressive模式不仅能够检测光纤上的单向链路故障,还能检测双绞线上的单向链路故障。当使用normal模式时,检测到单向链路故障后,接口没有变化,而使用aggressive模式时,检测到单向链路故障后,接口会被disable

   一般是在光纤模块上使用的。

 

13. Which standard supports multiple instances of spanning tree?

那个标准协议支持多实例生成树

A. 802.1D

B. 802.1s

C. 802.1w

D. 802.1z

Answer: B

14. Spanning Tree Protocol calculates path cost based on which of these?

生成树中链路开销的计算以下列哪个为参考?

A. interface bandwidth

B. interface delay

C. interface bandwidth and delay

D. hop count

E. bridge priority

Answer: A

单词:

calculate ['kælkjuleit]

·                                 vi. 计算;以为;作打算

·                                 vt. 计算;预测;认为;打算

分析:确切的说,应该是链路带宽