7.4. rpmbuild - Build RPM Package(s)

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原文链接：https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/293659

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#运维 #数据库 #开发工具

安装rpmbuild,我们将使用它来制作rpm包

yum search rpm-build
yum install -y rpm-build

Debian: sudo apt-get install rpm

rpm 工作空间，默认是/usr/src/redhat/

		
mkdir -p ~/rpmbuild/{BUILD,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}

echo "%_topdir /home/neo/rpmbuild" >> ~/.rpmmacros
echo "%packager Test User <test@example.com>" >> ~/.rpmmacros
cat ~/.rpmmacros

touch ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/package-1.0.spec

准备好你的文件包

tar zcvf %{name}-%{version}.tar.gz your_dir

编辑spec文件

		
vim ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/package-1.0.spec

Summary: My Test Package
Name: test
Version: 1.0
Release: 1.0
License: BSD
# group you want your package in, mostly for GUI package browsers
# some example groups used by vendors:
# http://www.rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/Groups.html
Group: Networking/Daemons
# your name for example
Packager: Neo Chen <openunix@163.com>
#
#Source: http://full.url.to.the/package/%{name}-%{version}.tar.gz
Source: %{name}-%{version}.tar.gz
# list all your patches here:
#Patch:
# list all packages required to build this package
#BuildRequires:
#Provides:
# list all packages that conflict with this one:
#BuildRoot: %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-build
BuildRoot: %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}

####
# full length description
%description

description

#####
# this prepares a fresh build directory in ~/build/BUILD, useful macros here
# are:
# %setup - cleans any previous builds and untargzips the source
# %patch - applies patches
# any other commands here are executed as standard sh commands
%prep

%setup
#%patch


#####
# this tells rpmbuild how to build your package, rpmbuild runs it as a sh
# script
%build
#make

#####
# all the steps necessary to install your package into $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
# first step is to clear $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
%install
[ "$RPM_BUILD_ROOT" != "/" ] && rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
cp -r ../* %{_tmppath}
#install all files under RPM_BUILD_ROOT
#make install DESTDIR=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT
# now you can remove uneeded stuff
#rm -f $RPM_BUILD_ROOT{_prefix}

#####
# NOTE: this section is optional
# commands run just before the package is installed
%pre
#/usr/sbin/useradd -c "test user" -r -s /bin/false -u 666 -d / neo 2> /dev/null

#####
# NOTE: this section is optional
# commands run before uninstalling the software
%preun
#/sbin/service test stop > /dev/null 2>&1
#/sbin/chkconfig --del test

#####
# NOTE: this section is optional
# commands run after installing the package
%post
#/sbin/chkconfig -add test
#touch /var/log/test

#####
# NOTE: this section is optional
# commands run after unistalling the package
%postun
#/sbin/service test stop
#/usr/sbin/userdel test

#####
# list all the files that are part of the package. If a file is not in the
# list rpmbuild won't put it in the package
# see below on how to automate the process of creating this list.
# some useful macros here:
# %doc /path/to/filename - installs filename into /path/to/filename and marks
# it as being documentation
# %config /etc/config_file - similar for configuration files
# %attr(mode, user, group) file - lets you specify file attributes applied
# during installation, use - if you want to use defaults
%files
#/usr/bin/test
#/usr/sbin/test
# this will package the dir and all directories inside it
#/example/of/a/dir
/srv/neo
# this will package only the 'dir' directory
#%dir /example/of/a/dir


#####
# document changes between package releases
%changelog

开始制作rpm文件

rpmbuild -ba ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/package-1.0.spec

查看你的rpm文件包含文件列表

rpm -qpl /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/x86_64/test-1.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm
/srv
/srv/bin
/srv/bin/console
/srv/bin/nodekeeper
/srv/etc
/srv/etc/commands.cfg
/srv/etc/nodekeeper.cfg
/srv/etc/protocol.cfg
/srv/logs
/srv/logs/nodekeeper.log
/srv/run
/srv/run/nodekeeper.pid

安装RPM

# rpm -Uvh --nodeps /tmp/test-1.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:test                   ########################################### [100%]

也可以使用 yum 安装

yum localinstall /tmp/test-1.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm

查看安装信息

		
# rpm -qi test
Name        : test                         Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 1.0                               Vendor: (none)
Release     : 1.0                           Build Date: Wed 21 Sep 2011 05:50:54 PM CST
Install Date: Wed 21 Sep 2011 05:46:50 PM CST      Build Host: dev3.example.com
Group       : Networking/Daemons            Source RPM: test-1.0-1.0.src.rpm
Size        : 20373                            License: BSD
Signature   : (none)
Packager    : Neo Chen <openunix@163.com>
Summary     : My Test Package
Description :

description

是使用yum info 查看信息

# yum info test
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
Installed Packages
Name       : test
Arch       : x86_64
Version    : 1.0
Release    : 1.0
Size       : 20 k
Repo       : installed
Summary    : My Test Package
License    : BSD
Description:
           : description

7.4.1. RPM_directory_macros

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Packaging/RPMMacros#RPM_directory_macros

			
%{_sysconfdir}        /etc

%{_prefix}            /usr

%{_exec_prefix}       %{_prefix}

%{_bindir}            %{_exec_prefix}/bin

%{_lib}               lib (lib64 on 64bit systems)

%{_libdir}            %{_exec_prefix}/%{_lib}

%{_libexecdir}        %{_exec_prefix}/libexec

%{_sbindir}           %{_exec_prefix}/sbin

%{_sharedstatedir}    /var/lib

%{_datadir}           %{_prefix}/share

%{_includedir}        %{_prefix}/include

%{_oldincludedir}     /usr/include

%{_infodir}           /usr/share/info

%{_mandir}            /usr/share/man

%{_localstatedir}     /var

%{_initddir}          %{_sysconfdir}/rc.d/init.d

Note: On releases older than Fedora 10 (and EPEL), %{_initddir} does not exist. Instead, you should use the deprecated%{_initrddir} macro.
RPM directory macros
%{_topdir}            %{getenv:HOME}/rpmbuild

%{_builddir}          %{_topdir}/BUILD

%{_rpmdir}            %{_topdir}/RPMS

%{_sourcedir}         %{_topdir}/SOURCES

%{_specdir}           %{_topdir}/SPECS

%{_srcrpmdir}         %{_topdir}/SRPMS

%{_buildrootdir}      %{_topdir}/BUILDROOT

Note: On releases older than Fedora 10 (and EPEL), %{_buildrootdir} does not exist.
Build flags macros
%{_global_cflags}     -O2 -g -pipe

%{_optflags}          %{__global_cflags} -m32 -march=i386 -mtune=pentium4 # if redhat-rpm-config is installed

Other macros
%{_var}               /var

%{_tmppath}           %{_var}/tmp

%{_usr}               /usr

%{_usrsrc}            %{_usr}/src

%{_docdir}            %{_datadir}/doc

7.4.2. --define 专递模板变量

spec 文件中定义宏默认值

			
%define <variable> <value>

另一种是在外部传递变量值

rpmbuild -ba SPECS/bacula.spec --define "build_su110 1" --define "build_mysql4 1"

注意：当两种同时使用时，外部--define无法替代%define 的定义。

7.4.3. defattr

			
%defattr(-,root,root,-)

7.4.4. GPG 签名

查看GPG证书

			
$ gpg --list-keys
/home/neo/.gnupg/pubring.gpg
----------------------------
pub   1024R/63268A35 2013-09-11
uid                  Neo Chen (netkiller) <netkiller@msn.com>
sub   1024R/F4F946F9 2013-09-11

设置 _gpg_name 宏，与上面查看结果需一致

			
cat << EOF >> ~/.rpmmacros
%_signature gpg
%_gpg_name Neo Chen (netkiller) <netkiller@msn.com>
%_gpgpath ~/.gnupg
%_gpgbin /usr/bin/gpg
EOF

建立RPM

rpmbuild --define "_topdir /path/to/macrodir" -bb --sign spec

如果你的证书有Passphrase，会提示你输入了密码。

Enter pass phrase:
Pass phrase is good.

7.4.5. 使用 CMake3 编译并创建RPM包

			
root@VM_7_221_centos ~/mysql-outfile-plugin % cat Outfile.spec 
Name: mysql-outfile-plugin		
Version: 1.0
Release:	1%{?dist}
Summary: MySQL outfile plugin	

Group: MySQL Database server
License: CC 3.0
URL: http://www.netkiller.cn	
Source0: https://github.com/netkiller/mysql-outfile-plugin/archive/v1.0.tar.gz

BuildRequires: cmake3 mysql-community-devel	
Requires: gcc	

%description


%prep
%setup -q


%build
cmake3 .
make %{?_smp_mflags}


%install
make install DESTDIR=%{buildroot}


%files
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/liboutfile.so
%doc



%changelog