原型模式

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-07 20:32:33 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-09-07 20:32:33 发布 · 69 阅读

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

原文链接：https://juejin.im/post/5c090e91e51d457e5367c3f2

文章标签：

#java

本文通过Java代码示例介绍了如何使用原型模式创建对象的浅拷贝。通过实现Cloneable接口并重写clone方法，可以轻松地复制对象状态。然而，需要注意的是，默认的拷贝行为是浅拷贝，这可能会影响到对象内的引用类型属性。

介绍

用原型实例指定创建对象的种类，并通过拷贝这些原型创建新的对象。

使用

public class Prototype {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setAge(14);
        student.setName("Tom");

        Score score = new Score();
        score.setScore(123);

        student.setScore(score);

        Student clone = (Student) student.clone();
        //浅拷贝，这里返回true
        System.out.println(clone.getScore() == student.getScore());

        clone.setName("Cat");
        clone.setAge(35);
        clone.getScore().setScore(44);

        System.out.println(student);
        System.out.println(clone);
    }
}
class Score implements Cloneable{
    private Integer score;

    public Integer getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(Integer score) {
        this.score = score;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Score{" +
                "score=" + score +
                '}';
    }
}
class Student implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Score score;

    public Score getScore() {
        return score;
    }

    public void setScore(Score score) {
        this.score = score;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }


    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", score=" + score +
                '}';
    }
}
复制代码