【51CTO/BBS】请教: SQL里有没有字符串组合Join的函数??
原帖地址:http://bbs.51cto.com/thread-1133863-1.html
问题描述:
VB 中有两个非常好用的字符串处理函数:
Split(字符串,分隔符)作用:将【字符串】以【分隔符】作为边界,分解成数组。 返回:一个字符串数组。
Join(字符数组,分隔符)作用:将【字符数组】中的元素,以【分隔符】作为边界,连接成一个字符串。返回:一个字符串。
请教老师们,SQL里是否有类似的函数?
解决方案:
如何用SQL Server Function实现Join?
-- 使用用户定义函数,配合SELECT处理完成字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
GO
--合并处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@col1 varchar(10))
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @re varchar(100)
SET @re=''
SELECT @re=@re+','+CAST(col2 as varchar)
FROM tb
WHERE col1=@col1
RETURN(STUFF(@re,1,1,''))
END
GO
--调用函数
SELECT col1,col2=dbo.f_str(col1) FROM tb GROUP BY col1
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb
DROP FUNCTION f_str
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO
如何用SQL CLR实现Join?
步骤一:
开始,运行Visual Studio 2012,选择“New Project”,选择“Visual C#”,“类库”,命名类库为fnConcatenate。
步骤二:
默认,Visual studio创建一个空的类命名为“Class1.cs”,右键重命名为Concatenate.cs。
步骤三:
双击“Concatenate.cs”文件,输入如下代码:
using System; using System.Data; using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server; using System.Data.SqlTypes; using System.IO; using System.Text; [Serializable] [SqlUserDefinedAggregate( Format.UserDefined, //use custom serialization to serialize the intermediate result IsInvariantToNulls = true, //optimizer property IsInvariantToDuplicates = false, //optimizer property IsInvariantToOrder = false, //optimizer property MaxByteSize = -1) //maximum size in bytes of persisted value ] public class Concatenate : IBinarySerialize { /// <summary> /// The variable that holds the intermediate result of the concatenation /// </summary> private StringBuilder intermediateResult; /// <summary> /// Initialize the internal data structures /// </summary> public void Init() { this.intermediateResult = new StringBuilder(); } /// <summary> /// Accumulate the next value, not if the value is null /// </summary> /// <param name="value"></param> /// <param name="separator"></param> public void Accumulate(SqlString value, SqlString separator) { if (value.IsNull) { return; } this.intermediateResult.Append(value.Value).Append(separator); } /// <summary> /// Merge the partially computed aggregate with this aggregate. /// </summary> /// <param name="other"></param> public void Merge(Concatenate other) { this.intermediateResult.Append(other.intermediateResult); } /// <summary> /// Called at the end of aggregation, to return the results of the aggregation. /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public SqlString Terminate() { string output = string.Empty; //delete the trailing comma, if any if (this.intermediateResult != null && this.intermediateResult.Length > 0) { output = this.intermediateResult.ToString(0, this.intermediateResult.Length - 1); } return new SqlString(output); } public void Read(BinaryReader r) { intermediateResult = new StringBuilder(r.ReadString()); } public void Write(BinaryWriter w) { w.Write(this.intermediateResult.ToString()); } }
步骤四:
从BUILD菜单,选择“Build fnConcatenate”。编译后,在bin目录生成“fnConcatenate.dll”文件。拷贝该文件到SQL Server可访问目录,如D:\MSSQL\DATA\CLRLibraries。
步骤五:
打开SQL Server Management Studio,连接到需要部署该DLL的实例。
步骤六:
CLR集成默认在SQL Server是禁用的。执行下面的命令启用CRL集成。
sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
RECONFIGURE
GO
sp_configure 'clr enabled', 1
RECONFIGURE
GO
sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0
RECONFIGURE
GO
步骤七:
在应用的数据库中通过该DLL创建Assemblies。
USE AdvantureWorks2012
GO
create assembly fnConcatenate
from N'D:\MSSQL\DATA\CLRLibraries\fnConcatenate.dll'
with permission_set = safe
go
步骤八:
创建concatenate函数,语法类似创建标准函数,除了使用“External”定位实际的程序逻辑到你的DLL中。
create aggregate concatenate (
@value nvarchar(max),
@separator nvarchar(10)
) returns nvarchar(max)
external name fnConcatenate.Concatenate
go
步骤九:
测试concatenate函数
select dbo.concatenate(FirstName, ',') from Person.Person
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/ultrasql/1593982