Spring4.x 构建RESTful API-优快云博客

本文详细介绍了一个使用Spring MVC搭建的简易Web应用实例。通过配置POM文件引入必要的依赖，并定义了实体类User来承载数据。Controller中定义了RESTful风格的路径，以响应HTTP请求并返回数据。同时展示了如何设置Spring MVC的配置文件以及web.xml的配置。

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一、pom依赖

org.springframework/spring-webmvc/4.3.2.RELEASE

org.springframework/spring-context-support/4.3.2.RELEASE

com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind/2.7.5

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.harry</groupId>
	<artifactId>hello-spring</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>hello-spring Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>3.8.1</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>4.3.2.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>4.3.2.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
			<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
			<version>2.7.5</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<finalName>springmvc</finalName>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
				<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>8.1.8.v20121106</version>
				<configuration>
					<reload>manual</reload>
					<webAppConfig>
						<contextPath>/</contextPath>
					</webAppConfig>
					<connectors>
						<connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
							<port>9080</port>
							<!--<maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime> -->
						</connector>
					</connectors>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

二、返回数据的实体类

package com.harry.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@XmlRootElement
public class User implements Serializable {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -4649332726051517364L;
	private Long id;
	private String name;

	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
}

三、建立Controller

package com.harry.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.harry.entity.User;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
	@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public User view(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
		User user = new User();
		user.setId(id);
		user.setName("zhangsan");
		return user;
	}
}

四、classpath:spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
	default-autowire="byName">
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
	<mvc:annotation-driven />
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.harry.*">
		<context:include-filter type="annotation"
			expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
	</context:component-scan>
</beans>

五、web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
	<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

六、以jetty启动 mvn jetty:run

七、

http://localhost:9080/user/4.xml

http://localhost:9080/user/4.json

http://localhost:9080/user/4 ==> 默认是xml，因为实体类有@XmlRootElement

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/204498/blog/755550