《 FreeSWITCH权威指南》——2.4 IP-PBX业务

本节书摘来自华章计算机《 FreeSWITCH权威指南》一书中的第2章,第2.4节,作者:杜金房 张令考 更多章节内容可以访问云栖社区“华章计算机”公众号查看。

2.4 IP-PBX业务

在上一节中,我们最初买的模拟和数字小交换机是基于电路实现的,在这里我们将它们称为传统的PBX。同时我们也欣喜地看到,我们的技术人员已经开始学习和研究FreeSWITCH了。FreeSWITCH的默认配置就是一个家用或小型企业级的PBX,它是由纯软件实现的,基于IP网进行通信,因而又称为IP-PBX。
IP-PBX首先是一个PBX(Private Branch eXchange),它具有传统PBX的绝大部分功能。另外,由于使用了IP通信,它能通过IP网提供语音、视频以及即时消息通信。这些通信不仅可以在企业内部网上进行,也可以通过Internet在外网甚至PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network)电话间进行。
由于大部分PBX功能都是用软件实现的,因而实现起来成本相对来讲都非常廉价,并且非常易于增加新功能,如多方会议、使用XML-RPC等控制正在进行的通话、IVR、TTS/ASR(Text To Speech/Automatic Speech Recognition)、支持通过模拟或数字线路与PSTN网络对接,支持通过SIP、IAX、H.323或Jingle(Google对XMPP协议的扩展)以及其他协议与其他通信系统进行互联互通等。

  • 与传统的PBX相比,IP-PBX支持更多的新特性(或更易于支持某些特性):
  • 无限分机数量、无限自动话务台、无限语音信箱;
  • 更易于通过API与其他应用系统(如CRM等)集成;
  • 支持远端电话分机、支持软电话;
  • 支持高级用户接口,如电话跟随、统一消息、电话录音、语音邮箱、传真集成等;
  • 根据时间路由、自定义路由规则;
  • 支持从语音邮箱回拨、语音邮箱转Email;
  • 支持电话监听、耳语;
  • 支持根据名字呼叫;
  • 支持话务员控制台、拖拽转移、点击拨号等;
  • 支持多人会议室;
  • 支持高级IVR(Interractive Voice Response);
  • 支持自动呼叫分配(Automatic Call Distribution,ACD);

除了上面所述的这些特性外,IP-PBX更易于部署,尤其是基于IP的通信更加廉价。但是,IP-PBX并不是解决所有问题的良药,老技术向新技术过渡总要有些取舍。比如,在IP环境中,IP电话终端更加智能,如摘机检测、挂机检测、收号等,这些原来由PBX或交换机实现的功能现在都在终端上实现了,因而在PBX上很难获得这些信息的细节。另外,当它与传统的PBX或PSTN网络对接时,还需要相应的VoIP网关来实现。当然,现在国内某些运营商也开始试验性地提供基于IMS或SBC的SIP中继,这样对接起来就方便多了。

Master the art of advanced VoIP and WebRTC communication with the most dynamic application server, FreeSWITCH About This Book Forget the hassle - make FreeSWITCH work for you Discover how FreeSWITCH integrates with a range of tools and APIs From high availability to IVR development use this book to become more confident with this useful communication software Who This Book Is For SysAdmins, VoIP engineers – whoever you are, whatever you’re trying to do, this book will help you get more from FreeSWITCH. What You Will Learn Get to grips with the core concepts of FreeSWITCH Learn FreeSWITCH high availability Work with SIP profiles, gateways, ITSPs, and Codecs optimization Implement effective security on your projects Master audio manipulation and recording Discover how FreeSWITCH works alongside WebRTC Build your own complex IVR and PBX applications Connect directly to PSTN/TDM Create your own FreeSWITCH module Trace SIP packets with the help of best open source tools Implement Homer Sipcapture to troubleshoot and debug all your platform traffic In Detail FreeSWITCH is one of the best tools around if you’re looking for a modern method of managing communication protocols through a range of different media. From real-time browser communication with the WebRTC API to implementing VoIP (voice over internet protocol), with FreeSWITCH you’re in full control of your projects. This book shows you how to unlock its full potential – more than just a tutorial, it’s packed with plenty of tips and tricks to make it work for you. Written by members of the team who actually helped build FreeSWITCH, it will guide you through some of the newest features of version 1.6 including video transcoding and conferencing. Find out how FreeSWITCH interacts with other tools and APIs, learn how to tackle common (and not so common) challenges ranging from high availability to IVR development and programming advanced PBXs. Great communication functionality begins with FreeSWITCH – find out how and get your project up and running today. Style and approach Find out how it works, then put your knowledge into practice - that's how this advanced FreeSWITCH guide has been designed to help you learn. You'll soon master FreeSWITCH and be confident using it in your projects. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Typical Voice Uses for FreeSWITCH Chapter 2: Deploying FreeSWITCH Chapter 3: ITSP and Voice Codecs Optimization Chapter 4: VoIP Security Chapter 5: Audio File and Streaming Formats, Music on Hold, Recording Calls Chapter 6: PSTN and TDM Chapter 7: WebRTC and Mod_Verto Chapter 8: Audio and Video Conferencing Chapter 9: Faxing and T38 Chapter 10: Advanced IVR with Lua Chapter 11: Write Your FreeSWITCH Module in C Chapter 12: Tracing and Debugging VoIP Chapter 13: Homer, Monitoring and Troubleshooting your Communication Platform
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