Spring JMX之二:远程访问MBean

本文介绍如何使用Spring框架实现Java Management Extensions (JMX)的远程管理功能,包括配置远程MBean的暴露和访问。文章详细展示了如何利用Spring的ConnectorServerFactoryBean和MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean来设置远程管理和客户端访问。

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虽然最初的JMX规范提及了通过MBean进行应用的远程管理,但是它并没有定义实际的远程 访问协议或API。因此,会由JMX供应商定义自己的JMX远程访问解决方案,但这通常又是专 有的。

为了满足以标准方式进行远程访问JMX的需求,JCP(Java Community Process)制订了JSR-160: Java管理扩展远程访问API规范(Java Management Extensions Remote API Specification)。该规范 定义了JMX远程访问的标准,该标准至少需要绑定RMI和可选的JMX消息协议(JMX Messaging Protocol ,JMXMP)。

在本小节中,我们将看到Spring如何远程访问MBean。我们首先从配置Spring把 SpittleController导出为远程MBean开始,然后我们再了解如何使用Spring远程操纵 MBean。

1、暴露远程MBean

使MBean成为远程对象的最简单方式是配置Spring的ConnectorServerFactoryBean:

    @Bean
    public ConnectorServerFactoryBean connectorServerFactoryBean() {
        return new ConnectorServerFactoryBean();
    }

ConnectorServerFactoryBean会创建和启动JSR-160 JMXConnectorServer。默认 情况下,服务器使用JMXMP协议并监听端口9875——因此,它将绑 定“service:jmx:jmxmp://localhost:9875”。但是我们导出MBean的可选方案并不局限于JMXMP。

根据不同JMX的实现,我们有多种远程访问协议可供选择,包括远程方法调用(Remote Method Invocation,RMI)、SOAP、Hessian/Burlap和IIOP(Internet InterORB Protocol)。为MBean绑定不同 的远程访问协议,我们仅需要设置ConnectorServerFactoryBean的serviceUrl属性。 例如,如果我们想使用RMI远程访问MBean,我们可以像下面示例这样配置:

    @Bean
    public ConnectorServerFactoryBean connectorServerFactoryBean() {
        ConnectorServerFactoryBean csfb = new ConnectorServerFactoryBean();
        csfb.setServiceUrl("service:jmx:rmi://localhost/jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/spitter");
        return csfb;
    }

在这里,我们将ConnectorServerFactoryBean绑定到了一个RMI注册表,该注册表监听 本机的1099端口。这意味着我们需要一个RMI注册表运行时,并监听该端口。我们可以回顾下第15章,RmiServiceExporter可以为我们自动启动一个RMI注册表。但是,我们在本示例 中不使用RmiServiceExporter,而是通过在Spring中声明RmiRegistryFactoryBean 来启动一个RMI注册表,如下面的@Bean方法所示:

    @Bean
    public RmiRegistryFactoryBean rmiRegistryFB() {
        RmiRegistryFactoryBean rmiRegistryFB = new RmiRegistryFactoryBean();
        rmiRegistryFB.setPort(1099);
        return rmiRegistryFB;
    }

没错!现在我们的MBean可以通过RMI进行远程访问了。

完整代码如下:

package com.dxz.mvcdemo1.web.jmx4;

import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.GET;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.ManagedAttribute;
import org.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.ManagedResource;
import org.springframework.jmx.support.ConnectorServerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiRegistryFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/biz4")
@ManagedResource(objectName="spitter:name=SpittleController4") //将SpittleController导出为MBean
public class SpittleCntroller4 {

    // 默认每个页面的大小
    public static final int DEFAULT_SPITTLES_PER_PAGE = 25;

    // 每页的大小
    private int spittlesPerPage = DEFAULT_SPITTLES_PER_PAGE;

    //@ManagedOperation@ManagedOperation注解替换@ManagedAttribute注解来标注存取器方法
    @ManagedAttribute        //将spittlesPerPage暴露为托管属性
    public int getSpittlesPerPage() {
        return spittlesPerPage;
    }
    
    //@ManagedOperation@ManagedOperation注解替换@ManagedAttribute注解来标注存取器方法
    @ManagedAttribute        //将spittlesPerPage暴露为托管属性
    public void setSpittlesPerPage(int spittlesPerPage) {
        this.spittlesPerPage = spittlesPerPage;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/test4", method = GET)
    public String test() {
        String result = spittlesPerPage + " - test()";
        System.out.println(result);
        return "home";
    }

    //启动一个RMI注册表,并监听1099端口
    @Bean
    public RmiRegistryFactoryBean rmiRegistryFB() {
        RmiRegistryFactoryBean rmiRegistryFB = new RmiRegistryFactoryBean();
        rmiRegistryFB.setPort(1099);
        return rmiRegistryFB;
    }
    
    //将ConnectorServerFactoryBean绑定到了上面的RMI注册表,该注册表监听本机的1099端口
    @Bean
    public ConnectorServerFactoryBean connectorServerFactoryBean() {
        ConnectorServerFactoryBean csfb = new ConnectorServerFactoryBean();
        csfb.setServiceUrl("service:jmx:rmi://localhost/jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/spitter");
        return csfb;
    }

}

启动测试:

注意:日志中RMI注册表运行了,并监听1099端口

下面先通过java自带的工具连接及测试如下,选择“远程进程”并将代码中的url=“service:jmx:rmi://localhost/jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/spitter”填入输入框中,进行连接:

连接成功后的结果如下:

但是如果没有人通过RMI访问MBean 的话,那就不值得这么做。所以现在让我们把关注点转向JMX远程访问的客户端,看看如何在 Spring中装配一个远程MBean到JMX客户端中。

2 访问远程MBean

要想访问远程MBean服务器,我们需要在Spring上下文中配置MbeanServerConnectionFactoryBean。下面的bean声明装配了一个MbeanServerConnectionFactoryBean,该bean用于访问我们在上一节中所创建的基于RMI的远程服务器。

    @Bean
    public MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean connectionFactoryBean() throws MalformedURLException {
        MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean mbscfb = new MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean();
        mbscfb.setServiceUrl("service:jmx:rmi://localhost/jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/spitter");
        return mbscfb;
    }

顾名思义,MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean是一个可用于创建MbeanServerConnection的工厂bean。由MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean所生成的 MBeanServerConnection实际上是作为远程MBean服务器的本地代理。它能够以 MBeanServerConnection的形式注入到其他bean的属性中:

    @Bean
    public JmxClient jmxClient(MBeanServerConnection connection) {
        JmxClient jmxClient = new JmxClient();
        jmxClient.setMbeanServerConnection(connection);
        return jmxClient;
    }

JmxClient.java

package com.dxz.mvcdemo2.web;

import javax.management.MBeanServerConnection;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class JmxClient {

    MBeanServerConnection mbeanServerConnection;
    
    public JmxClient() {
        
    }
    
    public MBeanServerConnection getMbeanServerConnection() {
        return mbeanServerConnection;
    }
    public void setMbeanServerConnection(MBeanServerConnection mbeanServerConnection) {
        this.mbeanServerConnection = mbeanServerConnection;
    }

测试类:

package com.dxz.mvcdemo2.web;

import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.GET;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.management.AttributeNotFoundException;
import javax.management.InstanceNotFoundException;
import javax.management.MBeanException;
import javax.management.MBeanServerConnection;
import javax.management.MalformedObjectNameException;
import javax.management.ObjectName;
import javax.management.ReflectionException;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jmx.support.MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/biz4")
public class ClientController {

    @Autowired
    JmxClient jmxClient;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/client4", method = GET)
    public String test() throws IOException, MalformedObjectNameException, AttributeNotFoundException,
            InstanceNotFoundException, MBeanException, ReflectionException {
        MBeanServerConnection connection = jmxClient.mbeanServerConnection;
        int mbenaCount = connection.getMBeanCount();
        System.out.println("There are " + mbenaCount + " MBeans");

        ObjectName managerObjName = new ObjectName("spitter:name=SpittleController4");
        Set<ObjectName> s = connection.queryNames(managerObjName, null);
        for (ObjectName obj : s) {
            System.out.println(obj);
        }

        Object cronExpression = connection.getAttribute(new ObjectName("spitter:name=SpittleController4"),
                "SpittlesPerPage");
        System.out.println(cronExpression);
        return "home";
    }
    @Bean
    public MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean connectionFactoryBean() throws MalformedURLException {
        MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean mbscfb = new MBeanServerConnectionFactoryBean();
        mbscfb.setServiceUrl("service:jmx:rmi://localhost/jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/spitter");
        return mbscfb;
    }
    
    @Bean
    public JmxClient jmxClient(MBeanServerConnection connection) {
        JmxClient jmxClient = new JmxClient();
        jmxClient.setMbeanServerConnection(connection);
        return jmxClient;
    }
}

结果:

3、代理MBean

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