GNU开发工具——CMake构建Qt工程实践-优快云博客

本文详细介绍了如何使用CMake构建Qt工程，包括Qt4和Qt5的兼容宏，CMakeLists.txt的编写，以及在QtCreator中创建CMake构建的Qt工程。同时，还展示了如何增加C++类，配置Qt Kits版本，以及工程的构建和调试过程。

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GNU开发工具——CMake构建Qt工程实践

一、CMake构建Qt工程

1、Qt工程源码

创建Migration目录，在目录下创建main.cpp文件：

#include <QApplication>
#include <QLabel>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    QLabel label(QString("Hello Qt%1!").arg(int(QT_VERSION >> 16)));
    label.setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
    label.resize(200, 100);
    label.show();
    return app.exec();
}

2、Qt4和Qt5兼容宏

编写兼容Qt4和Qt5的CMake宏，QtMigration.cmake文件如下：

# 定义宏QT_USE_MODULES
macro(QT_USE_MODULES _target)
    # Enable AUTOMOC
    set_target_properties(${_target} PROPERTIES AUTOMOC TRUE)
    # Local variables
    set(_modules_qt4)
    set(_modules_qt5)
    # Prepare modules
    foreach(_module ${ARGN})
        list(APPEND _modules_qt4 Qt${_module})
        list(APPEND _modules_qt5 ${_module})
        if(_module MATCHES "Gui")
            list(APPEND _modules_qt5 "Widgets")
        endif(_module MATCHES "Gui")
    endforeach(_module ${ARGN})
    list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES _modules_qt4)
    list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES _modules_qt5)
    # Find Qt libraries
    find_package(Qt5 QUIET COMPONENTS ${_modules_qt5})
    if(Qt5_FOUND)
        qt5_use_modules(${_target} ${_modules_qt5})
    else(Qt5_FOUND)
        find_package(Qt4 QUIET COMPONENTS ${_modules_qt4})
        if(Qt4_FOUND OR QT4_FOUND)
            include(${QT_USE_FILE})
            include_directories(${QT_INCLUDES})
            add_definitions(${QT_DEFINITIONS})
            target_link_libraries(${_target} ${QT_LIBRARIES})
        endif(Qt4_FOUND OR QT4_FOUND)
    endif(Qt5_FOUND)
endmacro(QT_USE_MODULES)

3、CMakeLists.txt编写

编写工程CMakeLists.txt文件，内容如下：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.9)
project(Migration)
list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR})
aux_source_directory(. SRC_LIST)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SRC_LIST})
include(QtMigration.cmake)
QT_USE_MODULES(${PROJECT_NAME} Core Gui)

4、构建工程

Migration工程内创建build目录，进入build目录，进行构建。

cmake ..
make

5、CMake的Qt相关变量

对于Qt4，使用FIND_PACKAGE后，会生成有效的Qt4_FOUND，QT_USE_FILE，QT_INCLUDES，QT_LIBRARIES变量。

FIND_PACKAGE(Qt4 REQUIRED Core Gui)
if(Qt4_FOUND)
    INCLUDE(${QT_USE_FILE})
    INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${QT_INCLUDES})
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(${PROJECT_NAME} ${QT_LIBRARIES})
endif()

对于Qt5，使用FIND_PACKAGE后，会生成有效的Qt5_FOUND，Qt5Core_INCLUDE_DIRS，Qt5Xml_INCLUDE_DIRS，Qt5Gui_INCLUDE_DIRS，Qt5Widgets_INCLUDE_DIRS，Qt5OpenGL_INCLUDE_DIRS，Qt5Widgets_LIBRARIES，Qt5Core_LIBRARIES，Qt5Gui_LIBRARIES，Qt5Xml_LIBRARIES，Qt5OpenGL_LIBRARIES等相应模块的变量。