error: crosses initialization of

本文解析了一个关于 C++ 中 switch-case 结构的常见编译错误:局部变量定义跨越了 case 标记,导致作用域冲突。文章提供了两种解决方案,并解释了错误产生的原因。

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转载 http://hi.baidu.com/hins_pan/item/61ff3d8b2e072e52e63d1950
感谢原作者 O(∩_∩)O~ 写代码时遇到同样问题,我的代码就不贴了 类似
代码:
int main()
{
int a =0;
switch(a)
{
case 0: int b = 0;break;
case 1: break;
default:break;
}
return 0;
}

编译器提示错误:
testswitch.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
testswitch.cpp:9: error: jump to case label
testswitch.cpp:8: error: crosses initialization of ‘int b’
testswitch.cpp:10: error: jump to case label
testswitch.cpp:8: error: crosses initialization of ‘int b’

出现这样的提示,你很有可能在某个case标记中定义了局部变量,而后面还有其他的case标记或者default语句。。比如说这里的整形变量b。

看看编译器提示的信息 cross initialization of int b, 什么意思呢, 就是说跳过了变量的初始化,仔细想想,确实是这样,我们在case 0 中定义了变量b,
在这个程序中,直到遇到switch的“}”右花括号,b的作用域才终结,也就是说 在case 1 和 default 分支中 变量b依然是可以访问的。考虑这样一种情况,
如果switch匹配了case 1,这样case 0的代码被跳过了,那么b就没有定义,如果此时在case 1的代码中访问了b,程序会崩溃的。如果谁也不匹配,执行default
也会有同样的危险。

知道了错误的原因,解决起来就很简单了

1,将case 0 标记 的代码用 {}括起来,这样b的作用域在这个花括号内。在其他的case 标记中不能访问。

2. 将 变量b放在 switch外面 定义。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/kangtuohongwai/p/6002566.html

====================[ 构建 | videoProj | Debug-rk ]=============================== /usr/bin/cmake --build /home/ly/project/videoTest/cmake-build-debug-rk --target videoProj -- -j 3 Scanning dependencies of target videoProj [ 33%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/videoProj.dir/main.cpp.o /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp: In function 'int main()': /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:488:35: error: 'MPP_ENC_SET_WIDTH' was not declared in this scope; did you mean 'MPP_ENC_SET_SPLIT'? 488 | mpp_enc->control(encoder_ctx, MPP_ENC_SET_WIDTH, param); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | MPP_ENC_SET_SPLIT /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:490:35: error: 'MPP_ENC_SET_HEIGHT' was not declared in this scope; did you mean 'MPP_ENC_SET_SPLIT'? 490 | mpp_enc->control(encoder_ctx, MPP_ENC_SET_HEIGHT, param); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | MPP_ENC_SET_SPLIT /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:492:35: error: 'MPP_ENC_SET_FPS' was not declared in this scope; did you mean 'MPP_ENC_SET_CFG'? 492 | mpp_enc->control(encoder_ctx, MPP_ENC_SET_FPS, param); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | MPP_ENC_SET_CFG /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:494:35: error: 'MPP_ENC_SET_BITRATE' was not declared in this scope; did you mean 'MPP_ENC_SET_USERDATA'? 494 | mpp_enc->control(encoder_ctx, MPP_ENC_SET_BITRATE, param); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | MPP_ENC_SET_USERDATA /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:584:65: error: 'MPP_PACKET_FLAG_INTRA' was not declared in this scope 584 | pkt->flags = (mpp_packet_get_flag(enc_packet) & MPP_PACKET_FLAG_INTRA) ? | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:604:1: error: jump to label 'CLEANUP' 604 | CLEANUP: | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:471:14: note: from here 471 | goto CLEANUP; | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:479:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int bitrate' 479 | int bitrate = 4000000; // 4Mbps | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:478:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int fps' 478 | int fps = 30; | ^~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:477:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int height' 477 | int height = 1080; | ^~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:476:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int width' 476 | int width = 1920; | ^~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:475:14: note: crosses initialization of 'void* param' 475 | MppParam param = nullptr; | ^~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:604:1: error: jump to label 'CLEANUP' 604 | CLEANUP: | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:467:14: note: from here 467 | goto CLEANUP; | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:479:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int bitrate' 479 | int bitrate = 4000000; // 4Mbps | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:478:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int fps' 478 | int fps = 30; | ^~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:477:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int height' 477 | int height = 1080; | ^~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:476:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int width' 476 | int width = 1920; | ^~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:475:14: note: crosses initialization of 'void* param' 475 | MppParam param = nullptr; | ^~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:604:1: error: jump to label 'CLEANUP' 604 | CLEANUP: | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:461:14: note: from here 461 | goto CLEANUP; | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:479:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int bitrate' 479 | int bitrate = 4000000; // 4Mbps | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:478:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int fps' 478 | int fps = 30; | ^~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:477:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int height' 477 | int height = 1080; | ^~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:476:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int width' 476 | int width = 1920; | ^~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:475:14: note: crosses initialization of 'void* param' 475 | MppParam param = nullptr; | ^~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:604:1: error: jump to label 'CLEANUP' 604 | CLEANUP: | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:457:14: note: from here 457 | goto CLEANUP; | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:479:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int bitrate' 479 | int bitrate = 4000000; // 4Mbps | ^~~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:478:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int fps' 478 | int fps = 30; | ^~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:477:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int height' 477 | int height = 1080; | ^~~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:476:9: note: crosses initialization of 'int width' 476 | int width = 1920; | ^~~~~ /home/ly/project/videoTest/main.cpp:475:14: note: crosses initialization of 'void* param' 475 | MppParam param = nullptr; | ^~~~~ make[3]: *** [CMakeFiles/videoProj.dir/build.make:63: CMakeFiles/videoProj.dir/main.cpp.o] Error 1 make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:76: CMakeFiles/videoProj.dir/all] Error 2 make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:83: CMakeFiles/videoProj.dir/rule] Error 2 make: *** [Makefile:118: videoProj] 上述代码编译报错,如何解决
07-26
出现错误了37266687.cpp: In function ‘int main()’: 37266687.cpp:31:22: error: jump to case label 31 | case '-': | ^~~ 37266687.cpp:28:25: note: crosses initialization of ‘int c’ 28 | int c = n.top(); n.pop(); | ^ 37266687.cpp:27:25: note: crosses initialization of ‘int b’ 27 | int b = n.top(); n.pop(); | ^ 37266687.cpp:37:22: error: jump to case label 37 | case '*': | ^~~ 37266687.cpp:28:25: note: crosses initialization of ‘int c’ 28 | int c = n.top(); n.pop(); | ^ 37266687.cpp:27:25: note: crosses initialization of ‘int b’ 27 | int b = n.top(); n.pop(); | ^ 37266687.cpp:43:22: error: jump to case label 43 | case '/': | ^~~ 37266687.cpp:28:25: note: crosses initialization of ‘int c’ 28 | int c = n.top(); n.pop(); | ^ 37266687.cpp:27:25: note: crosses initialization of ‘int b’ 27 | int b = n.top(); n.pop(); | ^ 37266687.cpp:49:22: error: jump to case label 49 | case ' ': | ^~~ 37266687.cpp:28:25: note: crosses initialization of ‘int c’ 28 | int c = n.top(); n.pop(); | ^ 37266687.cpp:27:25: note: crosses initialization of ‘int b’ 27 | int b = n.top(); n.pop(); |请修改#include <iostream> #include <stack> #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main() { stack<int> n; char s; int a = 0; // 当前操作数 bool inNum = false; // 标记是否在读取数字 while ((s = getchar()) != '@') { if (isdigit(s)) { a = a * 10 + (s - '0'); inNum = true; } else { // 遇到非数字字符时,将当前操作数入栈(如果有) if (inNum) { n.push(a); a = 0; inNum = false; } switch (s) { case '+': if (n.size() < 2) break; int b = n.top(); n.pop(); int c = n.top(); n.pop(); n.push(c + b); break; case '-': if (n.size() < 2) break; b = n.top(); n.pop(); c = n.top(); n.pop(); n.push(c - b); // 注意顺序:c - b break; case '*': if (n.size() < 2) break; b = n.top(); n.pop(); c = n.top(); n.pop(); n.push(c * b); break; case '/': if (n.size() < 2) break; b = n.top(); n.pop(); c = n.top(); n.pop(); if (b != 0) n.push(c / b); // 避免除零错误 break; case ' ': // 空格不处理,已在前面的if(inNum)中处理 break; } } } // 处理最后一个操作数(如果有) if (inNum) n.push(a); if (!n.empty()) cout << n.top(); return 0; }
最新发布
07-31
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