os：centos5.9 32位

1、检查mysql的安装情况

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql*
[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed mysql*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
Error: No matching Packages to list
[root@localhost ~]#

 检查yum源有没有mysql安装包

[root@localhost ~]# yum list mysql*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
Available Packages
MySQL-python.i386                                                                                                      1.2.3-0.1.c1.el5                                                                                               base   
mysql.i386                                                                                                             5.0.95-5.el5_9                                                                                                 base   
mysql-bench.i386                                                                                                       5.0.95-5.el5_9                                                                                                 base   
mysql-connector-odbc.i386                                                                                              3.51.26r1127-2.el5                                                                                             base   
mysql-connector-odbc64.i386                                                                                            5.1.8-1.el5                                                                                                    base   
mysql-devel.i386                                                                                                       5.0.95-5.el5_9                                                                                                 base   
mysql-server.i386                                                                                                      5.0.95-5.el5_9                                                                                                 base   
mysql-test.i386                                                                                                        5.0.95-5.el5_9                                                                                                 base   
mysql51.i386                                                                                                           1-9.el5                                                                                                        base   
mysql51-build.i386                                                                                                     1-9.el5                                                                                                        base   
mysql51-mysql.i386                                                                                                     5.1.70-1.el5                                                                                                   base   
mysql51-mysql-bench.i386                                                                                               5.1.70-1.el5                                                                                                   base   
mysql51-mysql-libs.i386                                                                                                5.1.70-1.el5                                                                                                   base   
mysql51-mysql-server.i386                                                                                              5.1.70-1.el5                                                                                                   base   
mysql51-mysql-test.i386                                                                                                5.1.70-1.el5                                                                                                   base   
mysql51-runtime.i386                                                                                                   1-9.el5                                                                                                        base   
mysql55.i386                                                                                                           1-12.el5                                                                                                       base   
mysql55-build.i386                                                                                                     1-12.el5                                                                                                       base   
mysql55-mysql.i386                                                                                                     5.5.40-2.el5                                                                                                   updates
mysql55-mysql-bench.i386                                                                                               5.5.40-2.el5                                                                                                   updates
mysql55-mysql-devel.i386                                                                                               5.5.40-2.el5                                                                                                   updates
mysql55-mysql-libs.i386                                                                                                5.5.40-2.el5                                                                                                   updates
mysql55-mysql-server.i386                                                                                              5.5.40-2.el5                                                                                                   updates
mysql55-mysql-test.i386                                                                                                5.5.40-2.el5                                                                                                   updates
mysql55-runtime.i386                                                                                                   1-12.el5                                                                                                       base   
[root@localhost ~]#

安装mysql客户端：

yum -y install mysql

安装mysql 服务器端： 

yum -y install mysql-server  
yum -y install mysql-devel

2、启动mysql 
mysql数据库字符集设置 在/etc/my.cnf中加入default-character-set=utf8
启动mysql服务:service mysqld start或者/etc/init.d/mysqld start
开机启动:chkconfig mysqld on

3、登录 创建root管理员：
mysqladmin -u root password 123456
登录mysql -u root -p输入密码即可。忘记密码:service mysqld stop mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables mysql -u root use mysql update user set password=password("new_pass") where user="root"; flush privileges;

4、远程访问开放防火墙的端口号mysql
增加权限:mysql库中的user表新增一条记录host为“%”，user为“root”。

5、Linux MySQL的几个重要目录
数据库目录 /var/lib/mysql/
配置文件 /usr/share /mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件）
相关命令 /usr/bin（mysqladmin mysqldump等命令）
启动脚本 /etc/rc.d/init.d/（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）

6、删除 mysql 数据库
如果使用的是 yum 安装的 mysql，需要删除的话，就使用如下命令：
yum -y remove mysql*
然后将 /var/lib/mysql文件夹下的所有文件都删除干净
最后再重新执行上面的安装步骤。


7.授权用户从远程登录

1、改表法。可能是你的帐号不允许从远程登陆，只能在localhost。这个时候只要在localhost的那台电脑，登入mysql后，更改 "mysql" 数据库里的 "user" 表里的 "host" 项，从"localhost"改称"%"
mysql -u root -pvmwaremysql>use mysql;mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';mysql>select host, user from user;
2、 授权法。例如，你想myuser使用mypassword从任何主机连接到mysql服务器的话。
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
如果你想允许用户myuser从ip为192.168.1.3的主机连接到mysql服务器，并使用mypassword作为密码
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'192.168.1.3' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;