Layers vs. Tiers 及部署模式【DDDD笔记】-优快云博客

本文探讨了层次（Layers）与层（Tiers）在软件架构中的概念区别，提供了不同场景下选择合适架构模式的建议。包括2-Tier、3-Tier和N-Tier模式的选择条件与应用实例，旨在帮助开发者根据业务需求灵活选择架构方案。

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Layers vs. Tiers

Layers refer to the logical division of components and functionality, and not to the physical location of components in different servers or places. Conversely, the term Tiers refers to the physical distribution of components and functionality in separate servers, including the network topology and remote locations.

Layers是逻辑上划分，Tiers是物理上的划分，两者有区别

Traditional N-Layer architecture (Logical) 3-Tier Architecture (Physical)

Tier如何选择，一般的建议如下：

Consider “2-Tier” pattern if:

 Web application: The intention is to develop a typical Web application, with the highest performance and no network security restrictions. If the intention is to increase scalability, the Web server should be cloned in multiple balanced servers.

 Client-server application. The intention is to develop a client-server application that directly accesses a database server. This scenario is very different, since all the logical layers would be located at a client tier that in this case would be the client PC. This architecture is useful when there is a need for higher performance and quick access to the database, however, client-server architectures have many scalability, maintenance and troubleshooting problems, since the entire business logic and data access are moved to one single tier which is the user‟s PC, and they are left at the mercy of the different configurations of each end user. This case is not recommended in most situations.

以前常见的C/S程序在RAD环境下开发基本是这种类型

Consider “3-Tier” pattern if:

 The intention is to develop a “3-Tier” application with remote client running in the user client machine (“Rich-Client”, RIA, OBA, etc.) and an application server with web services publishing the business logic.
 All application servers can be located in the same network.
 An application called “intranet” is being developed where the security requirements do not require the separation of the presentation layer from the business layers and data access.
 The intention is to develop a typical Web application with the maximum performance

目前我们常用的形式

Consider “N-Tier” pattern if:

 There are security requirement demands where the business logic cannot be deployed in the perimeter network where the presentation layer servers are located.
 There is a very heavy application code (it uses the server resources intensively) and to improve the scalability, such business component functionality is separated at other server levels.