本文深入探讨了WebSocket协议的原理，包括其与HTTP的区别，以及如何实现实时双向通信。通过.NET Core 2.0示例代码，展示了服务端与客户端的具体实现过程。
一直好奇，所以简单总结一下
WebSocket 是 HTML5 一种新的协议。它实现了浏览器与服务器全双工通信，能更好的节省服务器资源和带宽并达到实时通讯，它建立在 TCP 之上，同 HTTP 一样通过 TCP 来传输数据，但是它和 HTTP 最大不同是：
- WebSocket 是一种双向通信协议，在建立连接后，WebSocket 服务器和 Browser/Client Agent 都能主动的向对方发送或接收数据，就像 Socket 一样；
- WebSocket 需要类似 TCP 的客户端和服务器端通过握手连接，连接成功后才能相互通信。
WebSocket 的实现分为客户端和服务端两部分，客户端（通常为浏览器）发出 WebSocket 连接请求，服务端响应，实现类似 TCP 握手的动作，从而在浏览器客户端和 WebSocket 服务端之间形成一条 HTTP 长连接快速通道。两者之间后续进行直接的数据互相传送，不再需要发起连接和相应。
PS：一开始一直按照教程用.net core 2.0 调试，但是到json解析这一步报错，说版本不匹配。到存储过程执行这一步，直接没有 SqlParameter[]。直接不会了，只好，重新创建了一个控制台程序，然后手工引入Fleck组件，然后把前面的代码复制过来，json就用以前的办法，存储过程也用SqlParameter[],直接正常执行，那就好，总算可以随便使用了。
服务端
using Fleck;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace web_socket
{
class Program
{
//客户端url以及其对应的Socket对象字典
private static IDictionary<string, IWebSocketConnection> dic_Sockets = new Dictionary<string, IWebSocketConnection>();
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//创建
WebSocketServer server =
new WebSocketServer("ws://192.168.3.95:1235")
{
//出错后进行重启
RestartAfterListenError = true
};//监听所有的的地址
//开始监听
server.Start(socket =>
{
socket.OnOpen = () => //连接建立事件
{
//获取客户端网页的url
string clientUrl = socket.ConnectionInfo.ClientIpAddress + ":" + socket.ConnectionInfo.ClientPort;
dic_Sockets.Add(clientUrl, socket);
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString() + "|服务器:和客户端网页:" + clientUrl + " 建立WebSock连接！");
};
socket.OnClose = () => //连接关闭事件
{
string clientUrl = socket.ConnectionInfo.ClientIpAddress + ":" + socket.ConnectionInfo.ClientPort;
//如果存在这个客户端,那么对这个socket进行移除
if (dic_Sockets.ContainsKey(clientUrl))
{
//注:Fleck中有释放
//关闭对象连接
//if (dic_Sockets[clientUrl] != null)
//{
//dic_Sockets[clientUrl].Close();
//}
dic_Sockets.Remove(clientUrl);
}
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString() + "|服务器:和客户端网页:" + clientUrl + " 断开WebSock连接！");
};
socket.OnMessage = message => //接受客户端网页消息事件
{
string clientUrl = socket.ConnectionInfo.ClientIpAddress + ":" + socket.ConnectionInfo.ClientPort;
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString() + "|服务器:【收到】来客户端网页:" + clientUrl + "的信息：\n" + message);
string res = "";
res = websocket.BaseClass.SelectMethod.GetResult(message); //根据消息返回各种业务
if (res != "")
{
socket.Send(res);
}
else
{
socket.Send("你好" + clientUrl + ",我已经收到你的消息！");
}
};
});
//放个计时器，进行任务轮询
Timer t = new Timer(10000);
t.Enabled = true;
t.Elapsed += T_Elapsed;
Console.ReadKey();
foreach (var item in dic_Sockets.Values)
{
if (item.IsAvailable == true)
{
item.Send("服务器消息：" + DateTime.Now.ToString());
}
}
Console.ReadKey();
//关闭与客户端的所有的连接
foreach (var item in dic_Sockets.Values)
{
if (item != null)
{
item.Close();
}
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
private static void T_Elapsed(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("hello timer! 2秒一次");
foreach (var item in dic_Sockets)
{
//这里做主动业务
Console.WriteLine("链接：{0},对象：{1}", item.Key, item.Value);
}
}
}
}
客户端
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>WebSocket测试</title>
<style>
.div1
{
height:88px;
width:173px;
border:1px solid blue;
margin:auto;
}
h4
{
margin:auto;
}
</style>
<script>
var webSocket = {};
var connect_flag=false;
//创建websockt
function CreateWebSocket() {
webSocket = new WebSocket("ws://192.168.3.95:1235");
webSocket.onopen = WebSokectOnOpen;
webSocket.onmessage = WebSocketOnMessage;
webSocket.onclose = WebSocketOnClose;
// webSocket.onerror = WebSocketOnError;
};
//建立连接事件
function WebSokectOnOpen() {
console.log("已经打开连接！");
webSocket.send(LoginData());
};
function LoginData(){
connect_flag=true;
return '{"Userno":"0001","Msg":"hello","Sign":"1234","Method":"sqldata"}';
}
//监听事件
function WebSocketOnMessage(event) {
//监听来自客户端的数据
console.log(event.data);
};
function WebSocketOnClose() {
//监听来自客户端的数据
console.log('和服务器断开连接');
setTimeout(function () {
console.log('尝试重新连接服务器......');
CreateWebSocket(); //这样重新连接会造成很多的 重新连接 判断
console.log('状态：'+connect_flag+' 连接服务器失败,5秒后尝试......');
}, 5000);
};
function WebSocketOnError(){
// 如果连接失败，发送、接收数据失败或者处理数据出现错误，browser 会触发 onerror 消息；
console.log('====================发生错误====================')
};
//发送事件
function WebSocketSendMsg() {
//获取text中的值
var text = document.getElementById("Text1").value;
//发送到服务器
webSocket.send(text);
};
</script>
</head>
<body onload="CreateWebSocket()">
<div class="div1">
<h4>WebSocket测试</h4>
<h4>By:haojun</h4>
<input type="text" id="Text1" />
<input type="button" onclick="WebSocketSendMsg()" value="发送数据" />
</div>
</body>
</html>
服务端直接生成exe程序，启动结果如下
客户端运行结果
和服务器断开连接
web_socket.html:52 尝试重新连接服务器......
web_socket.html:54 状态：true 连接服务器失败,5秒后尝试......
web_socket.html:33 已经打开连接！
web_socket.html:45 {"status":"1","msg":"OK","result":"{"data":{"status":"1","message":"","allpage":"2","pagelength":"8","data":[{"id":"10","card_no":"12BOuU5qs/MI+lz+sCejM94/WHsQdIW72Q2002","card_money":"200.00","create_date":"2019-02-16 11:22:03","create_user":"测试","sell_flag":"预销售","sell_date":"1900-01-01 00:00:00","update_user":"测试","sys_date":"2019-02-16 11:22:03.280"},{"id":"9","card_no":"12BOuU5qs/MI+lz+sCejM94/WHsQdIW72Q2001","card_money":"200.00","create_date":"2019-02-16 11:21:57","create_user":"测试","sell_flag":"预销售","sell_date":"2019-02-18 15:20:50","update_user":"测试","sys_date":"2019-02-16 11:21:57.143"},{"id":"8","card_no":"12BOuU5qs/MI+lz+sCejM94/WHsQdIW72Q2007","card_money":"700.00","create_date":"2019-02-16 11:21:48","create_user":"测试","sell_flag":"预销售","sell_date":"1900-01-01 00:00:00","update_user":"测试","sys_date":"2019-02-16 11:21:48.590"},{"id":"7","card_no":"12BOuU5qs/MI+lz+sCejM94/WHsQdIW72Q2006","card_money":"502.00","create_date":"2019-02-16 11:21:01","create_user":"测试","sell_flag":"已销售","sell_date":"2019-02-20 16:45:31","update_user":"测试","sys_date":"2019-02-18 15:27:24.923"},{"id":"6","card_no":"12BOuU5qs/MI+lz+sCejM94/WHsQdIW72Q2005","card_money":"500.00","create_date":"2019-02-16 11:19:22","create_user":"测试","sell_flag":"已销售","sell_date":"2019-02-20 16:45:26","update_user":"测试","sys_date":"2019-02-20 16:45:13.107"},{"id":"5","card_no":"12BOuU5qs/MI/m1qmoIH6gZg==9013","card_money":"204.00","create_date":"2019-02-16 11:18:55","create_user":"测试","sell_flag":"待命","sell_date":"2019-02-18 15:30:50","update_user":"测试","sys_date":"2019-02-18 15:26:06.367"},{"id":"4","card_no":"12BOuU5qs/MI96TMhSb7BMFXLCf3UTQ8Q+6666","card_money":"600.00","create_date":"2019-02-16 11:18:23","create_user":"测试","sell_flag":"待命","sell_date":"1900-01-01 00:00:00","update_user":"测试","sys_date":"2019-02-16 11:18:23.607"},{"id":"3","card_no":"12BOuU5qs/MI9TNLZSde8dypYcdUpqwlux2155","card_money":"300.00","create_date":"2019-02-16 11:17:29","create_user":"测试","sell_flag":"预销售","sell_date":"1900-01-01 00:00:00","update_user":"测试","sys_date":"2019-02-18 15:18:26.960"}]}}"}
官方 https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/j-lo-WebSocket/
大神 阮一峰 http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2017/05/websocket.html
.net core2.0 官方： https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/core/tools/dotnet-build?tabs=netcore2x
.net core2.0 是什么：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/QingHeShiJiYuan/article/details/78184543
.net core2.0 打包： http://www.cnblogs.com/TianFang/p/8370804.html
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