python中 staticmethod与classmethod区别

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-08 09:22:18 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-09-08 09:22:18 发布 · 58 阅读

文章标签：

#python #java

本文详细解释了Python中staticmethod与classmethod的区别，并通过具体示例展示了这两种方法如何被调用及它们之间的不同之处。此外还介绍了这两种方法的典型应用场景。

staticmethod与classmethod区别

参考

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/136097/what-is-the-difference-between-staticmethod-and-classmethod-in-python
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/handsomekang/article/details/9615239

例子

class A(object):
    def foo(self,x):
        print "executing foo(%s,%s)"%(self,x)

    @classmethod
    def class_foo(cls,x):
        print "executing class_foo(%s,%s)"%(cls,x)

    @staticmethod
    def static_foo(x):
        print "executing static_foo(%s)"%x    

a=A()

上述类有三个函数，使用如下：

a.foo(1)
# executing foo(<__main__.A object at 0xb7dbef0c>,1)

-----------------------------------------------------------------

a.class_foo(1)
# executing class_foo(<class '__main__.A'>,1)

A.class_foo(1)
# executing class_foo(<class '__main__.A'>,1)

-----------------------------------------------------------------

a.static_foo(1)
# executing static_foo(1)

A.static_foo('hi')
# executing static_foo(hi)

区别

foo()的调用者必须是类A的一个实例，class_foo()与static_foo()的调用者既可以是类也可以是某个实例
参数不同，foo() 参数为self和其他参数，class_foo()参数使用类（cls）替换了self，static_foo()则只有参数，没有self和类(cls)
print(a.foo)

<bound method A.foo of <main.A object at 0xb7d52f0c>>

print(a.class_foo)

<bound method type.class_foo of <class 'main.A'>>

print A.class_foo
<bound method classobj.class_foo of <class main.A at 0x105efedb8>>

print(a.static_foo)

<function static_foo at 0xb7d479cc>

print(A.static_foo)

<function static_foo at 0xb7d479cc>

```