C#: Get current keyboard layout\input language-优快云博客

本文介绍了一个C#方法，用于获取当前活动窗口的键盘布局ID，适用于全屏应用、小部件等场景。通过调用GetForegroundWindow、GetWindowThreadProcessId和GetKeyboardLayout函数，结合CultureInfo类，可以方便地获取并解析键盘布局。

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原文 https://yal.cc/csharp-get-current-keyboard-layout/

On some occasions, you may want to get a "global" input language - that is, the keyboard layout used by the current foreground window\application\whatever. Basically, simulating the behaviour of the language panel on Windows.

The common use cases are on-screen keyboards, fullscreen applications, and widgets.

While I wasn't able to find a premade function that get this particular thing during my searches, it turned out not to be too hard to assemble:

[DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();
[DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern uint GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr proccess);
[DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern IntPtr GetKeyboardLayout(uint thread);
public CultureInfo GetCurrentKeyboardLayout() {
    try {
        IntPtr foregroundWindow = GetForegroundWindow();
        uint foregroundProcess = GetWindowThreadProcessId(foregroundWindow, IntPtr.Zero);
        int keyboardLayout = GetKeyboardLayout(foregroundProcess).ToInt32() & 0xFFFF;
        return new CultureInfo(keyboardLayout);
    } catch (Exception _) {
        return new CultureInfo(1033); // Assume English if something went wrong.
    }
}

So, first, we import a couple of functions from user32.dll:

GetForegroundWindow, to get the current foreground\active window' pointer.
GetWindowThreadProcessId, to get the ID of the thread that created the particular window.
GetKeyboardLayout, to get the keyboard layout ID currently used by the given thread.

The actual function then proceeds to combine these in a straightforward manner to obtain the keyboard layout ID for the current active window.

Then a System.Globalization.CultureInfo is created based on ID, permitting to conveniently get the language name in various formats and a handful of other useful information.

If there's no foreground window available, GetKeyboardLayout will return 0 (which is not a valid ID for CultureInfo), and the catch-block will return En-US as a fallback language (alternatively, you can return null and handle that separately).

And that's it. Have fun!