用Debootstrap建立Debian的rootfs

Debootstrap可以快速建立一套Debian或Ubuntu的rootfs。支持多种CPU。

主要步骤:

  1. 准备工作:在debian系统下安装用aptitude安装debootstrap;将一个新磁盘mount到/mnt/rootfs/下;
  2. 运行debootstrap --arch=i386 squeeze /mnt/rootfs/ http://mirrors.163.com/debian;运行完成后,会在/mnt/rootfs/下生成一个较小的rootfs;
  3. chroot /mnt/rootfs/进入rootfs进行配置,用passwd root命令修改密码; 下面对生成的rootfs进行测试:
  4. 添加核心:可以拷贝一个完整debian系统的/boot、/lib/modprobe.d、/lib/modules到生成的rootfs下;
  5. 用grub-install命令安装grub到新磁盘,修改grub.cfg文件;启动新磁盘上的系统。

备注:

  1. 生成的rootfs(未安装kernel),大小约为234M,出去/usr/share和/var/apt下可删除的文件后,能够轻松裁剪到100M以内。
  2. 自己曾经从debian的netinstall进行裁剪,要裁剪到100M以内,要花数倍于用Debootstrap的精力。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/Czl6BQ6SEmYt/blog/162933

### Kata Containers Root File System (RootFS) Configuration and Creation Guide #### Understanding the Role of RootFS in Kata Containers The root file system plays a critical role within Kata Containers as it provides an isolated environment where applications can run with their own set of libraries, binaries, and configurations[^1]. This isolation ensures that each container operates independently from others. #### Preparing Environment for RootFS Setup Before setting up the root file system specifically designed for use by Kata Containers, ensure all necessary dependencies are installed on your host machine. Common tools required include `debootstrap` or similar utilities depending upon distribution choice[^2]. #### Creating a Minimalistic Debian-based RootFS Using debootstrap Command Line Tool To create a minimal Debian-based root file system suitable for usage inside Kata Containers: ```bash sudo mkdir /var/lib/kata-containers/rootfs/debian-minimal sudo debootstrap --variant=minbase buster /var/lib/kata-containers/rootfs/debian-minimal http://deb.debian.org/debian/ ``` This command initializes a new directory structure at `/var/lib/kata-containers/rootfs/debian-minimal`, populating this location with essential files needed to boot into a functional Linux operating system instance when used alongside Kata Containers runtime[^3]. #### Configuring Network Interfaces Inside Chroot Jail After creating the base image, enter chroot jail using following commands which allows configuring network interfaces directly under newly created filesystem context without affecting actual hardware settings outside container scope: ```bash sudo mount -t proc none /var/lib/kata-containers/rootfs/debian-minimal/proc sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /var/lib/kata-containers/rootfs/debian-minimal/etc/ sudo chroot /var/lib/kata-containers/rootfs/debian-minimal apt-get update && apt-get install iproute2 net-tools vim-tiny openssh-server exit umount /var/lib/kata-containers/rootfs/debian-minimal/proc ``` These operations add networking capabilities along with some basic administrative tools like SSH server enabling remote access once deployed properly within kata containers instances[^4]. #### Optimizing Image Size Through Cleanup Operations Post Installation Once installation completes successfully consider cleaning unnecessary packages reducing overall size footprint making images more portable across different environments while maintaining core functionalities intact: ```bash apt-get clean rm -rf /tmp/* ~/.bash_history find /usr/share/locale ! -name 'en' | xargs rm -r -- find /usr/share/man -type f|xargs rm - ``` Executing these cleanup steps helps minimize storage requirements ensuring efficient utilization resources during deployment phases especially important considering cloud-native workloads often operate resource-constrained conditions[^5]. --related questions-- 1. What alternatives exist besides `debootstrap` for other distributions such as CentOS? 2. How does one customize the package selection beyond what's provided initially through minbase variant option? 3. Can you explain how security features integrate with custom-built rootfs solutions? 4. Are there any best practices regarding version control over multiple iterations of customized rootfs builds?
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