JAVA socket编程-优快云博客

本文介绍了Java中Socket编程的基本概念，并通过TCP客户端和服务端的示例代码展示了如何使用Java进行Socket通信。此外，还简单介绍了Java中UDP模型的实现方式。

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JAVA采用Socket对象封装了传统socket编程接口，提供了accept(), getInputStream()和getOutputStream()等方法，以简化传统socket编程模型。

对于TCP模型，JAVA封装了ServerSocket和Socket类分别用于创建Server端和Client端对象。服务端创建一个ServerSocket对象(在创建的过程中，自动执行了listen()方法)，然后调用accept()方法，阻塞等待客户端连接。当有客户端连接过来，accept()方法返回一个同客户端通讯的Socket对象，服务端利用这个Socket对象获取InputStream和OutputStream来同客户端数据通讯。客户端创建一个Socket对象（在创建过程中，自动执行了connect()方法），然后通过这个Socket对象获取InputStream和OutStream来同服务端进行数据通讯。

示例代码如下:

ClientTest.java:

package com.myTCP;

import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;

public class ClientTest {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       try {
           Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 5890);

           // send to server
           OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
           OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream);
           BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);

           bufferedWriter.write("message from Client!");

           // receive from server
           InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
           InputStreamReader streamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
           BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(streamReader);

           System.out.println("I'm Client, Server said: " + bufferedReader.readLine());
           socket.close();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }
}

ServerTest.java:

package com.myTCP;

import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;

public class ServerTest {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       try {
           ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(5890, 0, InetAddress.getLocalHost());
           Socket socket = server.accept();

           // receive from client
           InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
           InputStreamReader streamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
           BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(streamReader);

           System.out.println("I'm Server, Client said: " + bufferedReader.readLine());

           // send to client
           OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
           OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream);
           BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);

           bufferedWriter.write("message from Server!");
           server.close();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }
}