【spring data jpa】repository中使用@Query注解使用hql查询，使用@Param引用参数，报错：For queries with named parameters you ...

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-27 16:28:20 发布
最新推荐文章于 2025-05-27 16:28:20 发布
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本文解决了一个SpringBoot应用中使用HQL查询时出现的@Param注解问题，详细介绍了错误原因及修正方法。

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在spring boot中，

repository中使用@Query注解使用hql查询，使用@Param引用参数

如题报错：

For queries with named parameters you need to use provide names for method parameters. Use @Param for query method parameters, or when on Java 8+ use the javac flag -parameters.

org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: For queries with named parameters you need to use provide names for method parameters. Use @Param for query method parameters, or when on Java 8+ use the javac flag -parameters.; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: For queries with named parameters you need to use provide names for method parameters. Use @Param for query method parameters, or when on Java 8+ use the javac flag -parameters.
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryUtils.convertJpaAccessExceptionIfPossible(EntityManagerFactoryUtils.java:365)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:227)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:507)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:61)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:242)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:153)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:135)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)
    at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.invoke(SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.java:61)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:212)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy122.pagelist(Unknown Source)
    at com.sxd.sweeping.controller.UserController.pageList(UserController.java:132)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:209)
    at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:136)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:102)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:870)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:776)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:991)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:925)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:978)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:870)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:635)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:855)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:109)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:81)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:199)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:496)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:790)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1459)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: For queries with named parameters you need to use provide names for method parameters. Use @Param for query method parameters, or when on Java 8+ use the javac flag -parameters.
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.QueryParameterSetterFactory$BasicQueryParameterSetterFactory.lambda$getName$2(QueryParameterSetterFactory.java:233)
    at java.util.Optional.orElseThrow(Optional.java:290)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.QueryParameterSetterFactory$BasicQueryParameterSetterFactory.getName(QueryParameterSetterFactory.java:233)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.QueryParameterSetterFactory$BasicQueryParameterSetterFactory.lambda$findParameterForBinding$1(QueryParameterSetterFactory.java:224)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:174)
    at java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.tryAdvance(Spliterators.java:1812)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:126)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:498)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:485)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
    at java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:152)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:464)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.QueryParameterSetterFactory$BasicQueryParameterSetterFactory.findParameterForBinding(QueryParameterSetterFactory.java:225)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.QueryParameterSetterFactory$BasicQueryParameterSetterFactory.create(QueryParameterSetterFactory.java:212)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.ParameterBinderFactory.lambda$createQueryParameterSetter$1(ParameterBinderFactory.java:138)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193)
    at java.util.Spliterators$ArraySpliterator.tryAdvance(Spliterators.java:958)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:126)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:498)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:485)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
    at java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:152)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:464)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.ParameterBinderFactory.createQueryParameterSetter(ParameterBinderFactory.java:140)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.ParameterBinderFactory.lambda$createSetters$0(ParameterBinderFactory.java:130)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193)
    at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1382)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
    at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:708)
    at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
    at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.ParameterBinderFactory.createSetters(ParameterBinderFactory.java:131)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.ParameterBinderFactory.createQueryAwareBinder(ParameterBinderFactory.java:103)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractStringBasedJpaQuery.createBinder(AbstractStringBasedJpaQuery.java:93)
    at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.getNullable(Lazy.java:141)
    at org.springframework.data.util.Lazy.get(Lazy.java:63)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractStringBasedJpaQuery.doCreateQuery(AbstractStringBasedJpaQuery.java:83)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery.createQuery(AbstractJpaQuery.java:210)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryExecution$PagedExecution.doExecute(JpaQueryExecution.java:192)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryExecution.execute(JpaQueryExecution.java:91)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery.doExecute(AbstractJpaQuery.java:136)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery.execute(AbstractJpaQuery.java:125)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:590)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:578)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)
    at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:59)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:294)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:98)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:185)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)
    ... 64 more

 

 

代码如下：

package com.sxd.sweeping.repository;

import com.sxd.sweeping.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;


import java.sql.Date;


public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Long> {

    User findUserById(Long id);

    @Query(value = "select u from User u " +
            "where :keyword is null or u.realname like %:keyword% " +
            "and (u.updateAt between :startDate and :endDate)")
    Page<User> pageList(
            @Param("keyword") String keyword,
            @Param("startDate") Date startDate,
            @Param("endDate") Date endDate,
            Pageable pageable);
}

 

错误解析：

明显能看出来，这个错误是因为hql这里和@Param的原因导致的错误，错误提示hql中的字段值应该使用@Param()注解标志的字段。

但是上面的代码中明明已经使用了呀。

 

解决问题：

最后发现问题在于，确实使用了@Param注解，但是却引错了架包。

对于hql和代码无需任何的改动，只需要将import更改即可

import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
package com.sxd.sweeping.repository;

import com.sxd.sweeping.entity.User;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;


import java.sql.Date;


public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Long> {

    User findUserById(Long id);

    @Query(value = "select u from User u " +
            "where :keyword is null or u.realname like %:keyword% " +
            "and (u.updateAt between :startDate and :endDate)")
    Page<User> pageList(
            @Param("keyword") String keyword,
            @Param("startDate") Date startDate,
            @Param("endDate") Date endDate,
            Pageable pageable);
}

 

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最新发布
05-29
<think>好的，我现在需要解决用户遇到的Spring Security认证错误。错误信息提到在使用命名参数的查询时，需要为方法参数提供名称，建议使用@Param注解或Java8+的-parameters编译标志。用户可能是在自定义的UserDetailsService中使用了JPA查询方法，但参数没有正确命名。首先，我要分析错误堆栈。异常发生在DaoAuthenticationProvider的retrieveUser方法，说明加载用户时出了问题。根本原因是JPA查询方法中的参数没有正确命名，导致Spring Data无法绑定参数。接下来，我需要确定用户可能哪里出错了。可能是在UserRepository中定义了一个基于方法名的查询，比如findByUsername，但参数没有用@Param注解，或者在JPQL中使用了命名参数但没有对应注解。例如，用户可能写了这样的方法： @Query("SELECT uFROM Useru WHEREu.username= :username")User findByUsername(Stringusername);这里参数名应该用@Param("username")标注，否则会抛出IllegalStateException。解决方案是检查所有自定义的JPA查询方法，确保每个命名参数都使用了@Param注解，或者在编译时启用了-parameters选项。如果用户用的是Java8以上，可以配置构建工具来添加该选项，但这可能不如显式使用注解可靠。 另外，用户可能没有正确配置UserDetailsService，导致SpringSecurity在认证时调用了存在问题的Repository方法。需要确保UserDetailsService的实现正确调用了带有正确参数绑定的查询方法。最后，建议用户检查他们的Repository接口，特别是自定义查询方法，添加必要的@Param注解，并确保编译配置正确。同时，确认UserDetailsService是否正确注入并使用这些Repository方法。</think>**问题原因**： 该错误发生在Spring Security的认证流程中，具体原因是JPA查询方法参数绑定失败。当使用命名参数(:parameter)的JPQL/HQL查询时，必须通过以下方式明确参数名称： 1. 使用`@Param`注解显式标注方法参数 2. 启用Java 8的`-parameters`编译参数（自动保留参数名称） **解决方案**： ```java // UserRepository.java的正确配置 public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> { // 方式1：使用@Param注解 @Query("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.username = :username") User findByUsername(@Param("username") String username); // 方式2：启用-parameters编译参数（无需注解） @Query("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.email = :email") User findByEmail(String email); } ``` **配置优化步骤**： 1. **参数绑定修正**： ```java // 错误示例（缺少参数绑定） @Query("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.username = :uname") User findUser(String uname); // 参数名称不匹配 // 正确修正 @Query("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.username = :uname") User findUser(@Param("uname") String username); ``` 2. **编译参数配置**（Maven）： ```xml <!-- pom.xml构建配置 --> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <compilerArgs> <arg>-parameters</arg> </compilerArgs> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> ``` 3. **用户服务层验证**： ```java // 正确实现的UserDetailsService @Service public class CustomUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService { @Autowired private UserRepository userRepository; @Override public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) { User user = userRepository.findByUsername(username); if (user == null) { throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found"); } return new org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User( user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), getAuthorities(user)); } } ``` **错误预防机制**： 1. **单元测试验证**： ```java @SpringBootTest public class UserRepositoryTest { @Autowired private UserRepository userRepository; @Test void shouldFindByUsername() { User user = userRepository.findByUsername("admin"); assertThat(user).isNotNull(); } } ``` 2. **静态代码分析**（使用Checkstyle）： ```xml <!-- checkstyle规则配置 --> <module name="ParameterName"> <property name="format" value="^[a-z][a-zA-Z0-9]*$"/> </module> ```
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