(轉貼) Design Pattern週期表 (OO) (Design Pattern)

最新推荐文章于 2025-12-26 18:13:00 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-12-26 18:13:00 发布 · 157 阅读

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本文全面解析了GoF设计模式，包括创建型、结构型和行为型模式，提供了丰富的实例和对比，如Abstract Factory、Singleton、Adapter、Composite、Observer等，并探讨了模式之间的相似性和差异。文章还推荐了一系列设计模式书籍，适合软件开发人员深入学习。

轉貼自 http://home.earthlink.net/~huston2/dp/patterns.html

GoF Design Patterns

amazon.com
download GoF source
Table of Intents
Table of Mnemonics (1 column)
Table of Mnemonics (3 column)
UML diagrams of all 23
GoF design class diagrams quiz
Non-Software Examples article
Who ya gonna call?
Creational patterns
- Abstract Factory | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Builder | C++ demos
- Factory Method | C++ demos | lab
- Prototype | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Singleton | C++ demos | lab
Structural patterns
- Adapter | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Bridge | C++ demos | Java demos | Bridge = insulation | lab
- Composite | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Decorator | C++ demos | Java demos | Decorator vs Chain | lab
- Facade | C++ demos | Java demos
- Flyweight | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Proxy | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
Behavioral patterns
- Chain of Responsibility | C++ demos | Java demos | Chain vs Decorator | lab
- Command | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Interpreter | C++ demos | un-demo | article
- Iterator | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Mediator | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Memento | C++ demos | lab
- Observer | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- State | C++ demos | Java demos | pattern vs table | article | lab
- Strategy | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Template Method | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
- Visitor | C++ demos | Java demos | lab
State, Template Method demo (rubber banding)
Composite, Builder, Iterator, Memento, Visitor demo
Command, Chain demo
Mediator, Observer demo
Mediator + Observer = Event Notifier (article)
Java's new Considered Harmful - Singleton, Flyweight, Factory Method, Abstract Factory, Prototype (article)
File system (Template Method)
File system (Composite, Proxy, Chain, Iterator, Visitor, Observer, Command)
File system (7 previous patterns, Decorator)


GoF Structure Similarities

Left-Right symbol = wrapper/wrappee or delegation or "has a" relationship Adapter ... wrap a legacy object that provides an incompatible interface with an object that supports the desired interface Facade ... wrap a complicated subsystem with an object that provides a simple interface Proxy ... wrap an object with a surrogate object that provides additional functionality

Up-Down symbol = inheritance hierarchy (promote interface to a base class and bury implementation alternatives in derived classes) Strategy ... define algorithm interface in a base class and implementations in derived classes Factory Method ... define "createInstance" placeholder in the base class, each derived class calls the "new" operator and returns an instance of itself Visitor ... define "accept" method in first inheritance hierarchy, define "visit" methods in second hierarchy ... a.k.a. "double dispatch"

Category: a wrapper wraps an inheritance hierarchy Builder ... the "reader" delegates to its configured "builder" ... each builder corresponds to a different representation or target State ... the FiniteStateMachine delegates to the "current" state object, and that state object can set the "next" state object Bridge ... the wrapper models "abstraction" and the wrappee models many possible "implementations" ... the wrapper can use inheritance to support abstraction specialization Observer ... the "model" broadcasts to many possible "views", and each "view" can dialog with the "model"

Category: recursive composition Composite ... derived Composites contain one or more base Components, each of which could be a derived Composite Decorator ... a Decorator contains a single base Component, which could be a derived ConcreteComponent or another derived Decorator Chain of Responsibility ... define "linked list" functionality in the base class and implement "domain" functionality in derived classes Interpreter ... map a domain to a language, the language to a recursive grammar, and the grammar to the Composite pattern

Cloud symbol = promote X to "full object status" Command ... encapsulate an object, the method to be invoked, and the parameters to be passed behind the method signature "execute" Iterator ... encapsulate the traversal of collection classes behind the interface "first..next..isDone" Mediator ... decouple peer objects by encapsulating their "many to many" linkages in an intermediary object Memento ... encapsulate the state of an existing object in a new object to implement a "restore" capability Prototype ... encapsulate use of the "new" operator behind the method signature "clone" ... clients will delegate to a Prototype object when new instances are required

Category: miscellaneous Abstract Factory ... model "platform" (e.g. windowing system, operating system, database) with an inheritance hierarchy, and model each "product" (e.g. widgets, services, data structures) with its own hierarchy ... platform derived classes create and return instances of product derived classes Template Method ... define the "outline" of an algorithm in a base class ... common implementation is staged in the base class, peculiar implementation is represented by "place holders" in the base class and then implemented in derived classes Flyweight ... when dozens of instances of a class are desired and performance boggs down, externalize object state that is peculiar for each instance, and require the client to pass that state when methods are invoked Singleton ... engineer a class to encapsulate a single instance of itself, and "lock out" clients from creating their own instances