接上篇(http://9916376.blog.51cto.com/468239/268823)。<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

动态路由和GRE:(以OSPF路由为例)

Zongbu 路由器配置:(命令解释见上一篇)

interface Tunnel0

 ip address <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

 tunnel source FastEthernet0/0

 tunnel destination 10.1.1.2

 

interface Tunnel1

 ip address 2.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

 tunnel source FastEthernet0/0

 tunnel destination 20.1.1.2

 

router ospf 1

network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 2.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 

fenbu_1 路由器配置:

interface Tunnel0

 ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

 tunnel source FastEthernet0/0

 tunnel destination 30.1.1.2

 

router ospf 1

 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 

fenbu_2 路由器配置:

interface Tunnel0

 ip address 2.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

 tunnel source FastEthernet0/0

 tunnel destination 30.1.1.2

 

router ospf 1

 network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 2.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 

    查看OSPF邻居表和路由表:

zongbu#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface

192.168.1.254     0   FULL/  -        00:00:39    1.1.1.2         Tunnel0

192.168.2.254     0   FULL/  -        00:00:38    2.1.1.2         Tunnel1

zongbu#show ip route

Gateway of last resort is 30.1.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Tunnel0

     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       2.1.1.0 is directly connected, Tunnel1

     30.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       30.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

O    192.168.1.0/24 [110/1001] via 1.1.1.2, 00:30:49, Tunnel0

O    192.168.2.0/24 [110/1001] via 2.1.1.2, 00:30:49, Tunnel1

C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 30.1.1.1

 

 

fenbu_1#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface

192.168.3.254     0   FULL/  -        00:00:36    1.1.1.1         Tunnel0

fenbu_1#show ip route

Gateway of last resort is 10.1.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Tunnel0

     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O       2.1.1.0 [110/2000] via 1.1.1.1, 00:28:13, Tunnel0

     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       10.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

O    192.168.2.0/24 [110/2001] via 1.1.1.1, 00:28:03, Tunnel0

O    192.168.3.0/24 [110/1001] via 1.1.1.1, 00:28:13, Tunnel0

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.1.1.1

 

 

fenbu_2#show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Address         Interface

192.168.3.254     0   FULL/  -        00:00:38    2.1.1.1         Tunnel0

fenbu_2#show ip route

Gateway of last resort is 20.1.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0

     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O       1.1.1.0 [110/2000] via 2.1.1.1, 00:26:12, Tunnel0

     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       2.1.1.0 is directly connected, Tunnel0

     20.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       20.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

O    192.168.1.0/24 [110/2001] via 2.1.1.1, 00:26:02, Tunnel0

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

O    192.168.3.0/24 [110/1001] via 2.1.1.1, 00:26:12, Tunnel0

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 20.1.1.1

 

简要分析:从上面的ospf邻居表和路由表来看,所形成的路由跟用普通的几个路由器配置ospf结果大致是一样的。那么ospf的路由信息是怎样通过GRE传递过去的呢?首先,路由器发起带有本地路由器信息的协议数据包,数据从从Tunnel接口发布出去(ospf的配置中发布这个接口的IP),路由器发现要对数据进行GRE处理,于是就给这个数据包加上公网目标和原IP,然后数据就在公网中传递到目标路由器,目标路由器接受并拆封数据,发现是GRE数据,再拆分和查看私网IP数据,学习到了OSPF的路由信息,后面的过程就跟OSPF路由协议的原理是一样的,只不过是在公网传输经过了GRE处理。

GRE 代替OSPF的虚链路,完成跨普通区域与主干区域连接。其原理还是一样的,在原有的IP上再封装一层IP报头(这IP报头是在所需要跨域的区域中,是有路由的。你也可以把这些区域想象成公网)。

拓扑图如下:

详细的IP配置见附件,下面只显示下GRE关键配置。

R2 路由器:

interface Tunnel0

 ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

 tunnel source FastEthernet0/1

 tunnel destination 10.1.23.1

 

router ospf 1

network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1

 

R3 路由器:

interface Tunnel0

 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

 tunnel source FastEthernet0/1

 tunnel destination 10.1.23.2

 

router ospf 1

 log-adjacency-changes

 network 10.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 2

 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1

 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

 

查看路由表,和OSPF邻居表,请各位下载附件,仔细观察,我就不重复了。

 

未完待续。。。。。。