Shell 脚本

1.分类

图形化：KDE

命令行：bash/sh/ksh/csh

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交互式：

非交互式：

-----------------------1.shell 编写运行------------------------------------------------ Last login: Sun Oct 21 05:07:58 2012 from 192.168.5.222 [root@instructor ~]# cd / [root@instructor /]# ls app  boot    dev  home  lib64       media  opt   root  selinux  sys  usr bin  cgroup  etc  lib   lost+found  mnt    proc  sbin  srv      tmp  var [root@instructor /]# mkdir test [root@instructor /]# cd test [root@instructor test]# touch t1.sh [root@instructor test]# cat /etc/shells /bin/sh /bin/bash /sbin/nologin /bin/tcsh /bin/csh #-----------------------系统用户支持的shell [root@instructor /test]# echo $SHELL /bin/bash [root@instructor /test]# [root@instructor /test]# whoami root [root@instructor /test]# who am i root     pts/1        2012- #-------------统计当前系统有多少用户 [root@instructor test]# cat /etc/passwd |wc -l 33 [root@instructor test]# su h2 [h2@instructor test]$ [h2@instructor test]$ cat /etc/passwd h2:x:501:502::/home/h2:/bin/bash#-------用户当前的shell，可修改 [h2@instructor test]$ fgrep h2 /etc/passwd h2:x:501:502::/home/h2:/bin/bash #-------------------------------------------- [root@instructor /test]# vi t1.sh #!/bin/bash name="java" echo $name #----------------------------------------------------------------- [root@instructor test]# . t1.sh java [root@instructor test]# bash t1.sh java [root@instructor test]# . t1.sh java [root@instructor test]# source t1.sh java [root@instructor test]# ./t1.sh java [root@instructor test]# bash t1.sh java ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------2.环境变量继承---------------------------------------------------------- [root@instructor test]# ls t1.sh [root@instructor test]# vi t2.sh #!/bin/bash age=100 "t2.sh" [New] 3L, 21C written [root@instructor test]# vi t3.sh #!/bin/bash echo $age "t3.sh" [New] 2L, 22C written [root@instructor test]# [root@instructor test]# bash t3.sh [root@instructor test]# [root@instructor test]# ./t3.sh bash: ./t3.sh: Permission denied #-----------./t3.sh运行需授权 [root@instructor test]# chmod 777 t3.sh [root@instructor test]# ./t3.sh [root@instructor test]# source t3.sh [root@instructor test]# #-------------------因为t3.sh中未声明初始化变量,t3.sh运行无结果 ------------------------------------- [root@instructor test]# . t2.sh [root@instructor test]# . t3.sh 100 [root@instructor test]# source t3.sh 100 [root@instructor test]# ./t3.sh [root@instructor test]# bash t3.sh [root@instructor test]# #--------------------------------t2.sh初始化变量，t3必须继承t2的环境变量 #---------*.sh;source *.sh 继承父shell，t3运行有结果 #---------./*.sh;bash *.sh 不继承父shell，t3运行无结果 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------3.环境变量只对当前用户有效---------------------------------- [root@instructor test]# export name="Hello everybody" [root@instructor test]# vi t4.sh #!/bin/bash echo $name "t4.sh" [New] 4L, 25C written [root@instructor test]# . t4.sh Hello everybody -------------------------- [root@instructor /test]# useradd -d /home/h2 h2 [root@instructor /test]# passwd h2 Changing password for user h2. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is WAY too short BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@instructor /test]# ------------------------------------------- [root@instructor test]# su - h2 [h2@instructor ~]$ vi h2t1.sh #!/bin/bash echo $name "h2t1.sh" [New] 3L, 24C written                                                            [h2@instructor ~]$ . h2t1.sh [h2@instructor ~]$ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------4.查看文件类型------------------------------------------ [h2@instructor ~]$ cd / [h2@instructor /]$ file bin bin: directory [h2@instructor /]$ cd /test [h2@instructor test]$ file t1.sh t1.sh: Bourne-Again shell script text executable [h2@instructor test]$ -------------------------------------------5.tar包------------------------------------------ [root@instructor test]# cat t2.sh>t5.sh [root@instructor test]# cat t5.sh #!/bin/bash age=100 [root@instructor test]# vi 1.txt this is a text "1.txt" [New] 1L, 15C written [root@instructor test]# ls 1.txt  t1.sh  t2.sh  t3.sh  t4.sh  t5.sh [root@instructor test]# find /test/*sh /test/t1.sh /test/t2.sh /test/t3.sh /test/t4.sh /test/t5.sh [root@instructor test]# find /test/*sh |xargs tar -cvf sh.tar #------打包 #----------------------find /test –name “*.sh” |xargs tar -cvf sh.tar tar: Removing leading `/' from member names /test/t1.sh /test/t2.sh /test/t3.sh /test/t4.sh /test/t5.sh [root@instructor test]# ls 1.txt  sh.tar  t1.sh  t2.sh  t3.sh  t4.sh  t5.sh ------------------------解包 [root@instructor test]# tar -xvf sh.tar test/t1.sh test/t2.sh test/t3.sh test/t4.sh test/t5.sh #-------------------查看包 [root@instructor test]# tar -tvf sh.tar -rwxrwxrwx root/root        36 2012-10-21 05:57 test/t1.sh -rw-r--r-- root/root        21 2012-10-21 06:27 test/t2.sh -rwxrwxrwx root/root        22 2012-10-21 06:28 test/t3.sh -rw-r--r-- root/root        25 2012-10-21 06:36 test/t4.sh -rw-r--r-- root/root        21 2012-10-21 06:52 test/t5.sh [root@instructor test]# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------6.正则表达式------------------------------------------ [root@instructor test]# mkdir -p  /test/a{1,2,3} [root@instructor test]# ls 1.txt  a1  a2  a3  sh.tar  t1.sh  t2.sh  t3.sh  t4.sh  t5.sh  test [root@instructor test]# rm -rf /test/a{1,2,3} [root@instructor test]# ls 1.txt  sh.tar  t1.sh  t2.sh  t3.sh  t4.sh  t5.sh  test [root@instructor test]# mkdir -p  /test/a{1,2,3}/b{1,2,3} #---------------建立9个文件夹 [root@instructor test]# ls 1.txt  a1  a2  a3  sh.tar  t1.sh  t2.sh  t3.sh  t4.sh  t5.sh  test [root@instructor test]# cd a1 [root@instructor a1]# ls b1  b2  b3 [root@instructor a1]# [root@instructor test]# rm -rf /test/a{1,2,3} [root@instructor test]# vi t6.sh #!/bin/bash mkdir -p /test/a{1,2,3}/b{1,2,3} "t6.sh" 3L, 46C written [root@instructor test]# . t6.sh [root@instructor test]# ls 1.txt  a1  a2  a3  h2t2.sh  sh.tar  t1.sh  t2.sh  t3.sh  t4.sh  t5.sh  t6.sh  test [root@instructor test]#

 

2.shell开发语法

(1)不需要明确指定变量类型

(2)所有变量默认是字符串

(3)函数不需要指定形参列表，形参类型

(4)调用函数，直接使用函数名，不加括号

(5)变量可以直接调用，不需要声明

(6)变量名和值之间用=连接不需要空格

[root@instructor test]# su h2 [h2@instructor test]$ pwd /test [h2@instructor test]$ ls 1.txt  sh.tar  t1.sh  t2.sh  t3.sh  t4.sh  t5.sh  t6.sh  test [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2t2.sh #!/bin/bash #注解 v1=1 f1() { echo "f1()" echo $v1 } f2() { v2=2 echo $v2 } f1 f2 ~ ~~ "h2t2.sh" [New] 22L, 85C written [h2@instructor test]$ ls 1.txt  h2t2.sh  sh.tar  t1.sh  t2.sh  t3.sh  t4.sh  t5.sh  t6.sh  test [h2@instructor test]$ chmod 777 h2t2.sh [h2@instructor test]$ . h2t2.sh f1() 1 2 [h2@instructor test]$ [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2t2.sh #!/bin/bash # v1=1 f1() { echo "f1()" echo $v1 } f2() { v2=2 echo $v2 } f3() { local v3=3 } f1 f2 f3 echo "v2 is " echo $v2 echo "__________________________________________________" echo "v3 is " echo $v3 ~ ~ "h2t2.sh" 33L, 156C written                                                                [h2@instructor test]$ [h2@instructor test]$ . h2t2.sh f1() 1 2 v2 is 2 __________________________________________________ v3 is   [h2@instructor test]$ #--------------------------------以上v3 被对于为local,为局部变量 #--------------------------------以上v1,v2为全局变量 #--------------------------------以下是算数运算 [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2t3.sh #!/bin/bash var1=100 var2=200 add() { echo "add() is " echo $var1 + $var2 } add1() { echo "add1() is " echo $var1 $var2 } add2() { var3=$(($var1+$var2)) } add add1 add2 echo "add2() have result var1=" $var1 " var2=" $var2 " var3=" $var3 echo $var1+$var2=$(($var1+$var2)) echo $var1*$var2=$(($var1*$var2))~ ~ ~ "h2t3.sh" 31L, 281C written                                                                [h2@instructor test]$ . h2t3.sh add() is 100 + 200 add1() is 100 200 add2() have result var1= 100  var2= 200  var3= 300 100+200=300 100*200=20000 [h2@instructor test]$

 

3. if语句

(1)语法：

if …; then

…

elif …; then

…

else

…

fi

(2)

(3)常有比较符

整数比较
-eq 等于,如:if [ "$a" -eq "$b" ]
-ne 不等于,如:if [ "$a" -ne "$b" ]
-gt 大于,如:if [ "$a" -gt "$b" ]
-ge 大于等于,如:if [ "$a" -ge "$b" ]
-lt 小于,如:if [ "$a" -lt "$b" ]
-le 小于等于,如:if [ "$a" -le "$b" ]

*********-----------[和“$变量”用空格连接，“$变量”和[ 用空格连接*************
< 小于(需要双括号),如:(("$a" < "$b"))
<= 小于等于(需要双括号),如:(("$a" <= "$b"))

> 大于(需要双括号),如:(("$a" > "$b"))
>= 大于等于(需要双括号),如:(("$a" >= "$b"))

*********-----------数学运算比较，中间用两个括号括住（（））*************
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字符串比较

= 等于,如:if [ "$a" = "$b" ]
== 等于,如:if [ "$a" == "$b" ],与=等价

-b file 若文件存在且是一个块特殊文件，则为真
-c file 若文件存在且是一个字符特殊文件，则为真

-d file 若文件存在且是一个目录，则为真
-e file 若文件存在，则为真

-f file 若文件存在且是一个规则文件，则为真
-g file 若文件存在且设置了SGID位的值，则为真

-h file 若文件存在且为一个符合链接，则为真
-k file 若文件存在且设置了"sticky"位的值

-p file 若文件存在且为一已命名管道，则为真
-r file 若文件存在且可读，则为真

-s file 若文件存在且其大小大于零，则为真
-u file 若文件存在且设置了SUID位，则为真

-w file 若文件存在且可写，则为真
-x file 若文件存在且可执行，则为真

-o file 若文件存在且被有效用户ID所拥有，则为真

-z string 若string长度为0，则为真
-n string 若string长度不为0，则为真

string1 = string2 若两个字符串相等，则为真
string1 != string2 若两个字符串不相等，则为真

int1 -eq int2 若int1等于int2，则为真

int1 -ne int2 若int1不等于int2，则为真
int1 -lt int2 若int1小于int2，则为真

int1 -le int2 若int1小于等于int2，则为真
int1 -gt int2 若int1大于int2，则为真

int1 -ge int2 若int1大于等于int2，则为真

!expr 若expr为假则复合表达式为真。expr可以是任何有效的测试表达式
expr1 -a expr2 若expr1和expr2都为真则整式为真

expr1 -o expr2 若expr1和expr2有一个为真则整式为真
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特殊变量

$0 正在被执行命令的名字。对于shell脚本而言，这是被激活命令的路径
$n 该变量与脚本被激活时所带的参数相对应。n是正整数，与参数位置相对应($1,$2…)

$# 提供脚本的参数号
$* 所有这些参数都被双引号引住。若一个脚本接收两个参数，$*等于$1$2

$@ 所有这些参数都分别被双引号引住。若一个脚本接收到两个参数，$@等价于$1$2
$? 前一个命令执行后的退出状态

$$ 当前shell的进程号。对于shell脚本，这是其正在执行时的进程ID
$! 前一个后台命令的进程号

 

[h2@instructor test]$ vi h2if.sh #!/bin/bash b1=2 b2=3 b3=3 if(($b1>$b2));then echo "ok" else echo "error" fi echo "------------------------------" if (($(($b1+1))>$b2)); then echo ">" elif [ $(($b1+1)) -eq $b2 ]; then echo "=" else echo "error" fi echo "-----------------------------" if [ $b2 -eq $b3 ];then echo "=" fi ~ "h2if.sh" 31L, 299C written                                                                                       [h2@instructor test]$ . h2if.sh error ------------------------------ = ----------------------------- = [h2@instructor test]$ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2if2.sh #!/bin/bash if grep -q root /etc/passwd then echo "this user has exsit" else echo "this user is not exist" fi ~ ~ ~ "h2if2.sh" [New] 7L, 110C written                                                          [h2@instructor test]$ . h2if2.sh this user has exsit -------------------------------------------------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2if2.sh #!/bin/bash if grep -q root /etc/passwd then echo "this user has exsit" else echo "this user is not exist" fi ~ ~ "h2if2.sh" [New] 7L, 110C written  [h2@instructor test]$ su root Password: [root@instructor test]# ls 1.txt  a2  h2if2.sh  h2t2.sh  sh.tar  t2.sh  t4.sh  t6.sh a1     a3  h2if.sh   h2t3.sh  t1.sh   t3.sh  t5.sh  test [root@instructor test]# . h2if2.sh this user is not exist create user cswggod [root@instructor test]# . h2if2.sh this user has exsit ------------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@instructor test]# vi  h2if.sh echo "=" #!/bin/bash b1=2 b2=3 b3=3 if(( $b1 > $b2 ));then echo "ok" else echo "error" fi echo "------------------------------" if (($(($b1+1))>$b2)); then echo ">" elif [ $(($b1+1)) -eq $b2 ]; then echo "=" else echo "error" fi echo "-----------------------------" if [ "$b2" -eq "$b3" ];then echo "=" fi echo "-----------------------------" if [ $b1 \> $b2 ];then #--------------------（（））适用于==,>,<,<=,>= #--------------------[ $1 比较符 $2 ]适用于 –eq,-ge,-le,-ne,-lt,-gt #--------------------[ $1 \> $2 ]转义大于号 echo "1" elif (($b2==$b3));then echo "2" else echo "3" fi "h2if.sh" 45L, 431C written [root@instructor test]# . h2if.sh error ------------------------------ = ----------------------------- = ----------------------------- 2 [root@instructor test]# ----------------------------------------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2if4.sh #!/bin/bash a1=1 a2=2 if [ $a1\>$a2 ]; then echo "hello" elif (($a1==$a2));then error "error" else echo "OK" fi [h2@instructor test]$ . h2for4.sh hello ---------------------------------------字符串比较-------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2str1.sh #!/bin/bash name="java"; if [ $name = "java" ];then echo "login OK" else echo "login error" fi ~ "h2str1.sh" [New] 9L, 97C written                                                          [h2@instructor test]$ . h2str1.sh login OK [h2@instructor test]$ -----------------------------------目录判断--------------------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ . h2str1.sh login OK [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2dir1.sh #!/bin/bash if [ -d/lib ];then echo "lib is a directory" else echo "lib is a not directory" fi "h2dir1.sh" [New] 7L, 96C written                                                          [h2@instructor test]$ . h2dir1.sh lib is a directory [h2@instructor test]$

 

4. for语句

语法

for (( cond1; cond2; cond3 )) do

…

done

----------------------

for var in …; do

…

done

[root@instructor test]# su h2 [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2for.sh #!/bin/bash for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 do         echo $(($i*100-12)) done "h2for.sh" [New] 9L, 66C written                                                           [h2@instructor test]$ . h2for.sh 88 188 288 388 488 588 --------------------------------------动态取值----------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2for2.sh #!/bin/bash for i in `ls /` do echo $i done ~ "h2for2.sh" [New] 8L, 47C written                                                          [h2@instructor test]$ . h2for2.sh app bin boot cgroup dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root sbin selinux srv sys test tmp usr var [h2@instructor test]$

 

5.引号

在shell中引号分为三种：单引号，双引号和反引号。 * 单引号 由单引号括起来的字符都作为普通字符出现。特殊字符用单引号括起来以后，也会失去原有意义，而只作为普通字符解释。例如： $ string=’$PATH’ $ echo $string $PATH $ 可见$保持了其本身的含义，作为普通字符出现。 * 双引号 “ 由双引号括起来的字符，除$、、’、和”这几个字符仍是特殊字符并保留其特殊功能外，其余字符仍作为普通字符对待。对于$来说，就是用其后指定的变量的值来代替这个变量和$；对于而言，是转义字符，它告诉shell不要对其后面的那个字符进行特殊处理，只当作普通字符即可。可以想见，在双引号中需要在前面加上的只有四个字符$，，’和”本身。而对”号，若其前面没有加，则Shell会将它同前一个”号匹配。 例如，我们假定PATH的值为.:/usr/bin:/bin，输入如下命令： $ TestString＝”$PATH\”$PATH” $ echo $TestString .:/usr/bin:/ bin”$PATH $ 读者可以自己试一下在第二个双引号之前不加会产生什么结果。 * 反引号 ` 反引号（`）这个字符所对应的键一般位于键盘的左上角，不要将其同单引号（’）混淆。反引号括起来的字符串被shell解释为命令行，在执行时，shell首先执行该命令行，并以它的标准输出结果取代整个反引号（包括两个反引号）部分。例如： $ pwd /home/xyz $ string=”current directory is `pwd`” $ echo $string current directour is /home/xyz $ shell执行echo命令时，首先执行`pwd`中的命令pwd，并将输出结果/home/xyz取代`pwd`这部分，最后输出替换后的整个结果。 利用反引号的这种功能可以进行命令置换，即把反引号括起来的执行结果赋值给指定变量。例如： $ today=`date` $ echo Today is $today Today is Mon Apr 15 16:20:13 CST 1999 $ 反引号还可以嵌套使用。但需注意，嵌套使用时内层的反引号必须用反斜线（）将其转义。例如： $ abc=`echo The number of users is `who| wc-l`` $ echo $abc The number of users is 5 $ 在反引号之间的命令行中也可以使用shell的特殊字符。Shell为得到``中命令的结果，它实际上要去执行``中指定的命令。执行时，命令中的特殊字符，如$，”，?等又将具有特殊含义，并且``所包含的可以是任何一个合法的Shell命令，如： $ ls note readme.txt Notice Unix.dir $ TestString＝”`echo $HOME ` ` ls ［nN］*`” $ echo $TestString /home/yxz note Notice $

 

6.while语句

语法：

while [ cond1 ] && { || } [ cond2 ] …; do

…

done

 

h2@instructor test]$ vi h2while.sh #!/bin/bash declare  -i h1=1 #---declare –i 变量 while [ $h1 -lt 10 ] do echo $h1 let h1++ done ~ "h2while.sh" [New] 11L, 77C written                                                        [h2@instructor test]$ . h2while.sh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 [h2@instructor test]$ ---------------------------------------求和------------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2sum.sh #!/bin/bash declare -i v1=0 declare -i sum=0 while [ $v1 -lt 101 ] do let sum=sum+v1 let v1++ done echo "sum=$sum" "h2sum.sh" 14L, 120C written                                                               [h2@instructor test]$ . h2sum.sh sum=5050 [h2@instructor test]$ ---------------------------------------文件目录------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2dir2.sh #!/bin/bash for file in `ls /` do dir=/$file if [ -d $dir ];then echo $dir echo $file>> /test/list1.txt else echo $dir fi done "h2dir2.sh" [New] 12L, 128C written                                                        [h2@instructor test]$ . h2dir2.sh /app /bin /boot /cgroup /dev /etc /home /lib /lib64 /lost+found /media /mnt /opt /proc /root /sbin /selinux /srv /sys /test /tmp /usr /var [h2@instructor test]$ ls 1.txt  a3         h2dir2.sh  h2if2.sh  h2if.sh    h2t2.sh     h2while.sh  t1.sh  t4.sh  test a1     h2brk.sh   h2for2.sh  h2if3.sh  h2str1.sh  h2t3.sh     list1.txt   t2.sh  t5.sh a2     h2dir1.sh  h2for.sh   h2if4     h2sum.sh   h2until.sh  sh.tar      t3.sh  t6.sh [h2@instructor test]$ cat list1.txt app bin boot cgroup dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root sbin selinux srv sys test tmp usr var [h2@instructor test]$

 

7.until

语法：

until [ cond1 ] && { || } [ cond2 ] …;

do

…

done

[h2@instructor test]$vi h2until.sh #!/bin/bash declare -i i=0 until [ $i -gt 10 ] do echo $i let i++ done ~ "h2while2.sh" [New] 10L, 74C written     [h2@instructor test]$ . h2until.sh 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 [h2@instructor test]$

 

8.break

 

[h2@instructor test]$ vi h2brk.sh declare -i i=1 while [ $i -lt 11 ] do if [ $i -gt 6 ];then break; else echo $i let i++ fi done ~ "h2brk.sh" 23L, 108C written                                                               [h2@instructor test]$ . h2brk.sh 1 2 3 4 5 6 [h2@instructor test]$

 

9.其他

 

--------------------------1. ---------------------------&&----条件true是输出---------------------------------------------- ---------------------------||----条件false是输出---------------------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2spec1.sh #!/bin/bash name="cswggod" echo "============&&true,then true==========" [ $name="cswggod" ] && echo "OK" echo "============&&false,then false==========" [ $name="cswggod1" ] && echo "OK" echo "============&&true,then false==========" [ $name="cswggod" ] || echo "error" echo "============&&false,then true==========" [ $name="cswggod1" ] || echo "error" "h2spec1.sh" [New] 12L, 357C written                                                       [h2@instructor test]$ . h2spec1.sh ============&&true,then true========== OK ============&&false,then false========== OK ============&&true,then false========== ============&&false,then true========== -----------------------------------以上例输出逻辑错误 ------------------------[ $变量 = 值  ]，变量，值和等号间有空格隔开 ------------------------修改为 #!/bin/bash name="cswggod" echo "============&&true,then true==========" [ $name = "cswggod" ] && echo "OK" echo "============&&false,then false==========" [ $name = "cswggod1" ] && echo "OK" echo "============&&true,then false==========" [ $name = "cswggod" ] || echo "error" echo "============&&false,then true==========" [ $name = "cswggod1" ] || echo "error" "h2spec1.sh" 12L, 365C written                                                             [h2@instructor test]$ . h2spec1.sh ============&&true,then true========== OK ============&&false,then false========== ============&&true,then false========== ============&&false,then true========== error -----------------------2.交互式--------------------------------------------------- 安装 [root@instructor Packages]rpm –ivh dialog-1.1-9.20080819.1.el6.x86_64.rpm [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2msg1.sh dialog --inputbox input  20 40 #!/bin/bash v1=$? if [ $v1 -eq 0 ];then echo "normal out" elif [ $v1 -eq 255 ];then echo "Enter ESC" else echo "unnormal out" fi ~ ~ [h2@instructor test]$ . h2msg1.sh   normal out -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2msg2.sh #!/bin/bash echo "What's your name" read name echo "your name is $name" "h2msg2.sh" [New] 12L, 357C written [h2@instructor test]$ . h2msg2.sh What's your name oracle your name is oracle -----------------------------------3.apache上运行shell-------------------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ su root Password: [root@instructor test]# service httpd stop Stopping httpd: [  OK  ] [root@instructor test]# service httpd start Starting httpd: [  OK  ] [root@instructor test]# cp t1.sh /var/www/html/t1.sh [root@instructor test]# curl http://192.168.5.128/t1.sh #!/bin/bash name="java" echo $name [root@instructor test]# ----------------------------------99运算表-------------------------------------------- [h2@instructor test]$ vi h2cacl.sh #!/bin/bash declare -i a=1 declare -i b=1 for ((a;a<=9;a++)) do for ((b=1;b<=a;b++)) do echo -n -e "$b*$a=$(($a*$b))\t" done echo "" done ~ "h2cacl.sh" 16L, 143C written                                                              [h2@instructor test]$ . h2cacl.sh 1*1=1 1*2=2   2*2=4 1*3=3   2*3=6   3*3=9 1*4=4   2*4=8   3*4=12  4*4=16 1*5=5   2*5=10  3*5=15  4*5=20  5*5=25 1*6=6   2*6=12  3*6=18  4*6=24  5*6=30  6*6=36 1*7=7   2*7=14  3*7=21  4*7=28  5*7=35  6*7=42  7*7=49 1*8=8   2*8=16  3*8=24  4*8=32  5*8=40  6*8=48  7*8=56  8*8=64 1*9=9   2*9=18  3*9=27  4*9=36  5*9=45  6*9=54  7*9=63  8*9=72  9*9=81 [h2@instructor test]$ ---------------------------------sum--------------------------------- [root@instructor test]# vi h2sum2.sh #!/bin/bash n=1 echo -n "$n " let "n = $n + 1" echo -n "$n " : $((n = $n + 1)) echo -n "$n " (( n = n +1 )) echo -n "$n " : $[ n = $n +1 ] echo -n "$n " n=$[ $n + 1 ] echo -n "$n " let "n++" echo -n "$n " (( n++ )) echo -n "$n " : $[ n++ ] echo -n "$n " echo ""   ~ ~ ~ "h2sum2.sh" 24L, 266C written [root@instructor test]# .  h2sum2.sh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

 

10.case

语法：

case var in

pattern 1 )

… ;;

pattern 2 )

… ;;

*)

… ;;

esac

[h2@instructor test]$ vi h2case.sh #!/bin/bash echo "Input Lesson" read lesson case $lesson in "java") echo "Hello JAVA";; "oracle","ORACLE") echo "Hello ORACLE";; "REDHAT","redhat") echo "HELLO RedHat";; *) echo "ERROR" esac "h2case.sh" 22L, 200C written                                                              [h2@instructor test]$ . h2case.sh Input Lesson java Hello JAVA [h2@instructor test]$

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/cswggod/1039866