#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <ctime>
#include <queue>
#include <algorithm>
#include <map>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
class FlightSystem;
class Serializable
{
public:
virtual void serialize(ofstream& out) const = 0;
virtual void deserialize(ifstream& in) = 0;
virtual ~Serializable() {}
};
// 虚基类 - 用户基类
class User: public Serializable
{
protected:
string id;
string name;
string phone;
public:
User(const string& id, const string& name, const string& phone)
: id(id), name(name), phone(phone) {}
virtual ~User() {}
virtual void showMenu() = 0; // 纯虚函数
void serialize(ofstream& out) const override
{
out << id << "," << name << "," << phone;
}
void deserialize(ifstream& in) override
{
getline(in, id, ',');
getline(in, name, ',');
getline(in, phone);
}
};
class FlightBase:public Serializable
{
public:
virtual
double calculateCurrentPrice() const = 0;
virtual void display() const = 0;
virtual ~FlightBase() {}
};
class Date
{
public:
int year;
int month;
int day;
Date() : year(0), month(0), day(0) {}
Date(int y, int m, int d) : year(y), month(m), day(d) {}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Date& date)
{
os << setfill('0') << setw(4) << date.year << "-"
<< setfill('0') << setw(2) << date.month << "-"
<< setfill('0') << setw(2) << date.day;
return os;
}
};
// 航班信息类
class Flight:public FlightBase
{
protected:
string flightNumber;
string airline;
string departure;
string destination;
string planeModel;
Date flightDate;
int maxPassengers;
int remainingTickets;
double originalPrice;
double currentPrice;
// 计算动态票价
// 计算两个日期之间的天数差（仅处理6月和7月）
int calculateDaysLeft(const Date& current) const
{
// 假设年份相同，且月份仅为6或7
if (current.month == 6 && flightDate.month == 6)
{
return flightDate.day - current.day; // 6月内
}
else if (current.month == 6 && flightDate.month == 7)
{
return (30 - current.day) + flightDate.day; // 6月到7月
}
else if (current.month == 7 && flightDate.month == 7)
{
return flightDate.day - current.day; // 7月内
}
else
{
return -1; // 非法日期组合（如7月到6月）
}
}
void calculateDynamicPrice(const Date& currentDate)
{
// 计算距离起飞的剩余天数（仅考虑6月和7月）
int daysLeft = calculateDaysLeft(currentDate);
// 根据剩余天数调整票价
if (daysLeft > 20)
{
currentPrice = originalPrice * 0.8; // 提前20天以上8折
}
else if (daysLeft > 10)
{
currentPrice = originalPrice * 0.9; // 提前10-20天9折
}
else if (daysLeft >= 0)
{
currentPrice = originalPrice; // 10天内原价
}
else
{
currentPrice = 0; // 航班已起飞
}
}
public:
Flight(string number, string air, string dep, string des,
string model, Date date, int maxp,
double price)
: flightNumber(number), airline(air), departure(dep), destination(des),
planeModel(model), flightDate(date), maxPassengers(maxp), originalPrice(price)
{
time_t now = time(0);
tm* ltm = localtime(&now);
Date current(1900 + ltm->tm_year, 1 + ltm->tm_mon, ltm->tm_mday);
calculateDynamicPrice(current);
// remainingTickets = maxPassengers;
}
// 运算符重载
/*friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Flight& flight) {
is >> flight.flightNumber >> flight.airline
>> flight.departure >> flight.destination
>> flight.planeModel >> flight.date
>> flight.maxPassengers >> flight.remainingTickets
>> flight.originalPrice;
flight.calculateDynamicPrice();
return is;
}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Flight& flight) {
os << flight.flightNumber << " " << flight.airline << " "
<< flight.departure << " " << flight.destination << " "
<< flight.planeModel << " " << flight.date << " "
<< flight.maxPassengers << " " << flight.remainingTickets << " "
<< flight.originalPrice << " " << flight.currentPrice;
return os;
}*/
// friend ifstream& operator>>(ifstream& in, Flight& flight);
// friend ofstream& operator<<(ofstream& out, const Flight& flight);
// 订票功能
bool bookTickets(int count)
{
if (count <= remainingTickets)
{
remainingTickets -= count;
// 获取当前日期重新计算价格
time_t now = time(0);
tm* ltm = localtime(&now);
Date current(1900 + ltm->tm_year, 1 + ltm->tm_mon, ltm->tm_mday);
calculateDynamicPrice(current);
return true;
}
return false;
}
// 退票功能
void refundTickets(int count)
{
remainingTickets += count;
if (remainingTickets > maxPassengers)
remainingTickets = maxPassengers;
// 获取当前日期重新计算价格
time_t now = time(0);
tm* ltm = localtime(&now);
Date current(1900 + ltm->tm_year, 1 + ltm->tm_mon, ltm->tm_mday);
calculateDynamicPrice(current);
}
// 序列化实现
void serialize(ofstream& out) const override
{
out << flightNumber << "," << airline << "," << departure << ","
<< destination << "," << planeModel << "," << flightDate << ","
<< maxPassengers << "," << remainingTickets << ","
<< originalPrice << "," << currentPrice;
}
void deserialize(ifstream& in) override
{
getline(in, flightNumber, ',');
getline(in, airline, ',');
getline(in, departure, ',');
getline(in, destination, ',');
getline(in, planeModel, ',');
in >> flightDate.year;
in.ignore();
in >> flightDate.month;
in.ignore();
in >> flightDate.day;
in.ignore();
in >> maxPassengers;
in.ignore();
in >> remainingTickets;
in.ignore();
in >> originalPrice;
in.ignore();
in >> currentPrice;
in.ignore();
}
// 显示航班信息
void display() const override
{
cout << flightNumber << "\t" << airline << "\t" << departure << "\t"
<< destination << "\t" << planeModel << "\t" << flightDate << "\t"
<< originalPrice << "\t" << currentPrice << "\t" << remainingTickets << endl;
}
double calculateCurrentPrice() const override
{
return currentPrice;
}
// Getter方法
string getFlightNumber() const
{
return flightNumber;
}
string getAirline() const
{
return airline;
}
int getRemainingTickets() const
{
return remainingTickets;
}
float getCurrentPrice() const
{
return currentPrice;
}
// 其他成员函数...
};
/*ifstream& operator>>(ifstream& in, Flight& flight) {
flight.deserialize(in);
return in;
}
ofstream& operator<<(ofstream& out, const Flight& flight) {
flight.serialize(out);
return out;
}*/
// 客户类
class Customer : public User
{
private:
vector< pair<string, int> > bookedFlights;
public:
Customer(const string& id, const string& name, const string& phone)
: User(id, name, phone) {}
friend istream& operator>>(istream& input, Customer& c)
{
cout << "输入身份证号: ";
input >> c.id;
cout << "输入姓名: ";
input >> c.name;
cout << "输入电话: ";
input >> c.phone;
return input;
}
// 重载输出运算符
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& output, Customer& c)
{
output << "身份证: " << c.id << ' ' << " 姓名: " << c.name << ' ' << " 电话: " << c.phone;
return output;
}
void showMenu() override
{
int choice;
do
{
cout << "\n===== 客户菜单 =====" << endl;
cout << "1. 查询航班" << endl;
cout << "2. 订票" << endl;
cout << "3. 退票" << endl;
cout << "4. 退出" << endl;
cout << "请选择: ";
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1:
{
FlightSystem system;
for (auto& flight : system.getAllFlights())
{
flight.display();
}
break;
}
case 2:
// 需要FlightSystem实例
break;
case 3:
// 需要FlightSystem实例
break;
case 4:
return;
default:
cout << "无效选择！" << endl;
}
}
while (choice != 4);
}
void bookTicket(FlightSystem& system);//订票功能
void cancelTicket(FlightSystem& system);//退票功能
void serialize(ofstream& out) const override
{
User::serialize(out);
out << "," << bookedFlights.size();//用于获取乘客已预定的航班数量
for (std::vector<std::pair<std::string, int>>::const_iterator it = bookedFlights.begin();
it != bookedFlights.end(); ++it)
{
out << "," << it->first << "," << it->second;
}
void deserialize(ifstream& in) override
{
User::deserialize(in);
int size;
in >> size;
in.ignore();
bookedFlights.clear();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
string flightNumber;
int count;
getline(in, flightNumber, ',');
in >> count;
in.ignore();
bookedFlights.push_back({flightNumber, count});
}
}
};
// 管理员类
class Admin : public User
{
public:
Admin(const string& id = "", const string& name = "", const string& phone = "")
: User(id, name, phone) {}
void showMenu() override
{
int choice;
do
{
cout << "\n===== 管理员菜单 =====" << endl;
cout << "1. 添加航班" << endl;
cout << "2. 编辑航班" << endl;
cout << "3. 删除航班" << endl;
cout << "4. 查看乘客" << endl;
cout << "5. 退出" << endl;
cout << "请选择: ";
cin >> choice;
FlightSystem system;
switch (choice)
{
case 1:
addFlight(system);
break;
case 2:
editFlight(system);
break;
case 3:
deleteFlight(system);
break;
case 4:
viewPassengers(system);
break;
case 5:
return;
default:
cout << "无效选择！" << endl;
}
}
while (choice != 5);
}
void addFlight(FlightSystem& system);//增加航班
void editFlight(FlightSystem& system);// 编辑航班
void deleteFlight(FlightSystem& system);//删除航班
void viewPassengers(FlightSystem& system);// 查看乘客
};
class WaitingQueue
{
private:
string flightNumber;
queue< pair<string, int> > waitingQueue; // 乘客ID, 订票数量
public:
WaitingQueue(const string& flightNum) : flightNumber(flightNum) {}
void addToQueue(const string& passengerId, int count)
{
waitingQueue.push({passengerId, count});
}
void processRefund(Flight& flight, int refundCount)
{
while (refundCount > 0 && !waitingQueue.empty())
{
auto nextPassenger = waitingQueue.front();
if (refundCount >= nextPassenger.second)
{
if (flight.bookTickets(nextPassenger.second))
{
refundCount -= nextPassenger.second;
waitingQueue.pop();
}
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
};
// 系统管理类
class FlightSystem
{
private:
vector<Flight> flights;
vector<Customer> customers;
vector<Admin> admins;
map<string, WaitingQueue> waitingQueues; // <航班号, 候补队列>
// 文件路径
const string FLIGHT_FILE = "flights.txt";
const string CUSTOMER_FILE = "customers.txt";
const string ADMIN_FILE = "admins.txt";
public:
FlightSystem()
{
loadData();
}
~FlightSystem()
{
saveData();
}
// 数据加载与保存
void loadData()
{
// 加载航班
ifstream flightFile(FLIGHT_FILE);
if (flightFile)
{
Flight flight;
while (flightFile)
{
flight.deserialize(flightFile);
if (!flightFile.fail() && !flight.getFlightNumber().empty())
{
flights.push_back(flight);
}
}
}
// 加载客户
ifstream customerFile(CUSTOMER_FILE);
if (customerFile)
{
Customer customer;
while (customerFile)
{
customer.deserialize(customerFile);
if (!customerFile.fail() && !customer.id.empty())
{
customers.push_back(customer);
}
}
}
// 加载管理员
ifstream adminFile(ADMIN_FILE);
if (adminFile)
{
Admin admin;
while (adminFile)
{
admin.deserialize(adminFile);
if (!adminFile.fail() && !admin.id.empty())
{
admins.push_back(admin);
}
}
}
}
void saveData()
{
// 保存航班
ofstream flightFile(FLIGHT_FILE);
for (const auto& flight : flights)
{
flight.serialize(flightFile);
flightFile << endl;
}
// 保存客户
ofstream customerFile(CUSTOMER_FILE);
for (const auto& customer : customers)
{
customer.serialize(customerFile);
customerFile << endl;
}
// 保存管理员
ofstream adminFile(ADMIN_FILE);
for (const auto& admin : admins)
{
admin.serialize(adminFile);
adminFile << endl;
}
}
// 航班操作
Flight* findFlight(const string& number)
{
for (auto& flight : flights)
{
if (flight.getFlightNumber() == number)
{
return &flight;
}
}
return nullptr;
}
void addFlight(const Flight& flight)
{
flights.push_back(flight);
}
void deleteFlight(const string& number)
{
flights.erase(remove_if(flights.begin(), flights.end(),
[&](const Flight& f)
{
return f.getFlightNumber() == number;
}),
flights.end());
}
// 排序航班
void sortFlights(const string& criteria)
{
if (criteria == "number")
{
sort(flights.begin(), flights.end(),
[](const Flight& a, const Flight& b)
{
return a.getFlightNumber() < b.getFlightNumber();
});
}
else if (criteria == "date")
{
sort(flights.begin(), flights.end(),
[](const Flight& a, const Flight& b)
{
return a.date < b.date;
});
}
else if (criteria == "price")
{
sort(flights.begin(), flights.end(),
[](const Flight& a, const Flight& b)
{
return a.getCurrentPrice() < b.getCurrentPrice();
});
}
}
// 用户登录
User* login()
{
string id, name, phone;
cout << "请输入ID: ";
cin >> id;
cout << "请输入姓名: ";
cin >> name;
cout << "请输入电话: ";
cin >> phone;
// 查找客户
for (auto& c : customers)
{
if (c.id == id && c.name == name && c.phone == phone)
{
return &c;
}
}
// 查找管理员
for (auto& a : admins)
{
if (a.id == id && a.name == name && a.phone == phone)
{
return &a;
}
}
return nullptr;
}
// 处理候补队列
void processWaitingList(Flight& flight, int refundCount)
{
auto it = waitingQueues.find(flight.getFlightNumber());
if (it != waitingQueues.end())
{
it->second.processRefund(flight, refundCount);
}
}
// 主运行循环
void run()
{
while (true)
{
User* user = login();
if (user)
{
user->showMenu();
}
else
{
cout << "登录失败，请重试！" << endl;
}
}
}
// 获取所有航班
vector<Flight>& getAllFlights()
{
return flights;
}
// 添加乘客
void addCustomer(const Customer& c)
{
Customer.push_back(c);
}
// 获取候补队列
WaitingQueue* getWaitingQueue(const string& flightNumber)
{
if (waitingQueues.find(flightNumber) == waitingQueues.end())
{
waitingQueues[flightNumber] = WaitingQueue(flightNumber);
}
return &waitingQueues[flightNumber];
}
vector<Customer>& getCustomers()
{
return customers;
}
};
// 客户类实现
void bookTicket(FlightSystem& system)
{
string flightNumber;
int count;
cout << "请输入航班号: ";
cin >> flightNumber;
cout << "请输入订票数量: ";
cin >> count;
Flight* flight = system.findFlight(flightNumber);
if (!flight)
{
cout << "航班不存在！" << endl;
return;
}
if (flight->bookTickets(count))
{
bookedFlights.push_back({flightNumber, count});
cout << "订票成功！总价: " << flight->getCurrentPrice() * count << "元" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "余票不足！当前余票: " << flight->getRemainingTickets() << endl;
cout << "1. 重新选择航班" << endl;
cout << "2. 排队候补" << endl;
int option;
cin >> option;
if (option == 2)
{
WaitingQueue* queue = system.getWaitingQueue(flightNumber);
queue->addToQueue(id, count);
cout << "已加入候补队列！" << endl;
}
}
}
void cancelTicket(FlightSystem& system)
{
string flightNumber;
cout << "请输入要退票的航班号: ";
cin >> flightNumber;
auto it = find_if(bookedFlights.begin(), bookedFlights.end(),
[&](const pair<string, int>& p)
{
return p.first == flightNumber;
});
if (it == bookedFlights.end())
{
cout << "未找到该航班的订票记录！" << endl;
return;
}
int count = it->second;
Flight* flight = system.findFlight(flightNumber);
if (flight)
{
flight->refundTickets(count);
bookedFlights.erase(it);
cout << "退票成功！退款金额: " << flight->getCurrentPrice() * count << "元" << endl;
system.processWaitingList(*flight, count);
}
}
// 管理员类实现
void addFlight(FlightSystem& system)
{
string number, airline, dep, des, model;
int year, month, day, maxPass;
double price;
cout << "输入航班号: ";
cin >> number;
cout << "输入航空公司: ";
cin >> airline;
cout << "输入出发地: ";
cin >> dep;
cout << "输入目的地: ";
cin >> des;
cout << "输入飞机型号: ";
cin >> model;
cout << "输入日期 (年 月 日): ";
cin >> year >> month >> day;
cout << "输入最大乘客数: ";
cin >> maxPass;
cout << "输入原始价格: ";
cin >> price;
Date date(year, month, day);
Flight flight(number, airline, dep, des, model, date, maxPass, price);
system.addFlight(flight);
cout << "航班添加成功！" << endl;
}
void editFlight(FlightSystem& system)
{
string number;
cout << "输入要编辑的航班号: ";
cin >> number;
Flight* flight = system.findFlight(number);
if (!flight)
{
cout << "航班不存在！" << endl;
return;
}
// 简化的编辑功能
double newPrice;
cout << "输入新价格: ";
cin >> newPrice;
// 实际实现中需要修改航班对象
cout << "编辑功能尚未完全实现" << endl;
}
void deleteFlight(FlightSystem& system)
{
string number;
cout << "输入要删除的航班号: ";
cin >> number;
system.deleteFlight(number);
cout << "航班删除成功！" << endl;
}
void viewPassengers(FlightSystem& system)
{
string flightNumber;
cout << "请输入航班号: ";
cin >> flightNumber;
cout << "\n===== 乘客信息 =====" << endl;
for (const auto& c : system.getCustomers())
{
for (const auto& booking : c.bookedFlights)
{
if (booking.first == flightNumber)
{
cout << "姓名: " << c.name << "\t身份证: " << c.id
<< "\t电话: " << c.phone << "\t票数: " << booking.second << endl;
}
}
}
}
/*void login(AirTicketSystem& system) {
while (true) {
cout << "\n===== 航空订票系统 =====" << endl;
cout << "1. 客户登录" << endl;
cout << "2. 管理员登录" << endl;
cout << "3. 退出系统" << endl;
cout << "请选择: ";
int choice;
cin >> choice;
if (choice == 3) {
system.saveFlights();
cout << "系统数据已保存，再见！" << endl;
}
string id, name, phone;
cout << "请输入身份证号: ";
cin >> id;
cout << "请输入姓名: ";
cin >> name;
cout << "请输入电话: ";
cin >> phone;
if (choice == 1) {
Customer customer(id, name, phone);
customer.showMenu();
int customerChoice;
while (
cin >> customerChoice) {
switch (customerChoice) {
case 1: // 查询航班
break;
case 2: // 订票
customer.bookTicket();
break;
case 3: // 退票
customer.cancelTicket();
break;
case 4: // 退出
return;
default:
cout << "无效选择，请重试！" << endl;
}
customer.showMenu();
}
} else if (choice == 2) {
Admin admin(id, name, phone);
admin.showMenu();
int adminChoice;
while (
cin >> adminChoice) {
switch (adminChoice) {
case 1: // 添加航班
admin.addFlight();
break;
case 2: // 编辑航班
admin.editFlight();
break;
case 3: // 删除航班
admin.deleteFlight();
break;
case 4: // 查看乘客
admin.viewPassengers();
break;
case 5: // 退出
return;
default:
cout << "无效选择，请重试！" << endl;
}
admin.showMenu();
}
}
}
}*/
int main()
{
FlightSystem system;
system.run();
return 0;
}
找错并帮我修改
本文探讨了C++中cin与cout相较于scanf在处理double类型数据时存在的问题，包括输出不一致及读取机制相对繁琐导致的效率低下。
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