在RHEL、CentOS和Fedora安装MongoDB 【官方文档】

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Install MongoDB on Red Hat Enterprise or CentOS Linux

Overview

Use this tutorial to install MongoDB on Red Hat Enterprise Linux CentOS Linux using .rpm packages. While some of these distributions include their own MongoDB packages, the official MongoDB packages are generally more up to date.

Packages

MongoDB provides packages of the officially supported MongoDB builds in its own repository. This repository provides the MongoDB distribution in the following packages:

• mongodb-org

  This package is a metapackage that will automatically install the four component packages listed below.

• mongodb-org-server

  This package contains the mongod daemon and associated configuration and init scripts.

• mongodb-org-mongos

  This package contains the mongos daemon.

• mongodb-org-shell

  This package contains the mongo shell.

• mongodb-org-tools

  This package contains the following MongoDB tools: mongoimport bsondump, mongodump,mongoexport, mongofiles, mongooplog, mongoperf, mongorestore, mongostat, andmongotop.

Control Scripts

The mongodb-org package includes various control scripts, including the init script/etc/rc.d/init.d/mongod. These scripts are used to stop, start, and restart daemon processes.

The package configures MongoDB using the /etc/mongod.conf file in conjunction with the control scripts. See the Configuration File reference for documentation of settings available in the configuration file.

As of version 3.0.0, there are no control scripts for mongos. The mongos process is used only in sharding. You can use the mongod init script to derive your own mongos control script for use in such environments. See the mongos reference for configuration details.

Considerations

For production deployments, always run MongoDB on 64-bit systems.

The default /etc/mongod.conf configuration file supplied by the 3.0 series packages has bind_ip` set to 127.0.0.1 by default. Modify this setting as needed for your environment before initializing a replica set.

Changed in version 2.6: The package structure and names have changed as of version 2.6. For instructions on installation of an older release, please refer to the documentation for the appropriate version.

Install MongoDB

1

Configure the package management system (yum).

Create a /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-3.0.repo file so that you can install MongoDB directly, using yum.

Use the following repository file to specify the latest stable release of MongoDB.

[mongodb-org-3.0]name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl= http://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/3.0/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

Use the following repository to install only versions of MongoDB for the 3.0 release. If you’d like to install MongoDB packages from a particular release series, such as 2.4 or 2.6, you can specify the release series in the repository configuration. For example, to restrict your system to the 2.6 release series, create a /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-2.6.repo file to hold the following configuration information for the MongoDB 2.6 repository:

[mongodb-org-2.6]name=MongoDB 2.6 Repository
baseurl= http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/redhat/os/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

.repo files for each release can also be found in the repository itself. Remember that odd-numbered minor release versions (e.g. 2.5) are development versions and are unsuitable for production use.

2

Install the MongoDB packages and associated tools.

When you install the packages, you choose whether to install the current release or a previous one. This step provides the commands for both.

To install the latest stable version of MongoDB, issue the following command:

sudo yum install -y mongodb-org

To install a specific release of MongoDB, specify each component package individually and append the version number to the package name, as in the following example:

sudo yum install -y mongodb-org-3.0.0 mongodb-org-server-3.0.0 mongodb-org-shell-3.0.0 mongodb-org-mongos-3.0.0 mongodb-org-tools-3.0.0

You can specify any available version of MongoDB. However yum will upgrade the packages when a newer version becomes available. To prevent unintended upgrades, pin the package. To pin a package, add the following exclude directive to your /etc/yum.conf file:

exclude=mongodb-org,mongodb-org-server,mongodb-org-shell,mongodb-org-mongos,mongodb-org-tools

Versions of the MongoDB packages before 2.6 use a different repo location. Refer to the version of the documentation appropriate for your MongoDB version.

Run MongoDB

IMPORTANT

You must configure SELinux to allow MongoDB to start on Red Hat Linux-based systems (Red Hat Enterprise Linux or CentOS Linux). Administrators have three options:

• enable access to the relevant ports (e.g. 27017) for SELinux. See Default MongoDB Port for more information on MongoDB’s default ports. For default settings, this can be accomplished by running

  semanage port -a -t mongod_port_t -p tcp 27017

• set SELinux to permissive mode in /etc/selinux.conf. The line

  SELINUX=enforcing

  should be changed to

  SELINUX=permissive

• disable SELinux entirely; as above but set

  SELINUX=disabled

All three options require root privileges. The latter two options each requires a system reboot and may have larger implications for your deployment.

You may alternatively choose not to install the SELinux packages when you are installing your Linux operating system, or choose to remove the relevant packages. This option is the most invasive and is not recommended.

The MongoDB instance stores its data files in /var/lib/mongo and its log files in /var/log/mongodbby default, and runs using the mongod user account. You can specify alternate log and data file directories in/etc/mongod.conf. See systemLog.path and storage.dbPath for additional information.

If you change the user that runs the MongoDB process, you must modify the access control rights to the/var/lib/mongo and /var/log/mongodb directories to give this user access to these directories.

1

Start MongoDB.

You can start the mongod process by issuing the following command:

sudo service mongod start

2

Verify that MongoDB has started successfully

You can verify that the mongod process has started successfully by checking the contents of the log file at /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log for a line reading

[initandlisten] waiting for connections on port <port>

where <port> is the port configured in /etc/mongod.conf, 27017 by default.

You can optionally ensure that MongoDB will start following a system reboot by issuing the following command:

sudo chkconfig mongod on

3

Stop MongoDB.

As needed, you can stop the mongod process by issuing the following command:

sudo service mongod stop

4

Restart MongoDB.

You can restart the mongod process by issuing the following command:

sudo service mongod restart

You can follow the state of the process for errors or important messages by watching the output in the/var/log/mongodb/mongod.log file.

5

Begin using MongoDB.

To begin using MongoDB, see Getting Started with MongoDB. Also consider the Production Notesdocument before deploying MongoDB in a production environment.

Later, to stop MongoDB, press Control+C in the terminal where the mongod instance is running.

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/happyBKs/blog/386504