RabbitMQ API（九） Exchange Direct

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-06 17:04:58 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-05-06 17:04:58 发布 · 123 阅读

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本文深入探讨了RabbitMQ中Direct Exchange的工作原理，通过实例演示了当发送的routingKey与队列绑定的routingKey不一致时，消息无法被正确路由到目标队列的情形。详细介绍了生产者和消费者代码实现，强调了routingKey在Direct Exchange中的关键作用。

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Direct

routingKey 要完全匹配；

消费者

这里演示的是发送的 routingKey 和队列声明的绑定不一致，导致队列收不到消息的情况；

package com.bfxy.rabbitmq.api.exchange.direct;

import com.bfxy.rabbitmq.Application;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer.Delivery;

public class Consumer4DirectExchange {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory() ;
        connectionFactory.setHost(Application.HOST);
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
        connectionFactory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled(true);
        connectionFactory.setNetworkRecoveryInterval(3000);

        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
        
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String exchangeName = "test_direct_exchange";
        String exchangeType = "direct";
        String queueName = "test_direct_queue";
        String routingKey = "test.direct";
        
        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, exchangeType, true, false, false, null);
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);
        channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
        
        QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);

        while(true){
            Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
            String msg = new String(delivery.getBody());    
            System.out.println("收到消息：" + msg);  
        }

    }

}

生产者

package com.bfxy.rabbitmq.api.exchange.direct;

import com.bfxy.rabbitmq.Application;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class Producer4DirectExchange {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost(Application.HOST);
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
        
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String exchangeName = "test_direct_exchange";
        String routingKey = "test.direct111";

        String msg = "Hello World RabbitMQ 4  Direct Exchange Message 111 ... ";
        channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey , null , msg.getBytes());         
        
    }
    
}