android studio 命令行替换,5.2、Android Studio 从命令行构建您的应用

文章摘要

1、 Gradle 任务列表

2、构建调式APK

一、Gradle 任务

您可以使用 Gradle 包装器命令行工具执行您的 Android 项目中可用的所有构建任务。它可作为 Windows 的批处理文件 (gradlew.bat) 和 Linux 与 Mac 的 shell 脚本文件 (gradlew.sh) 使用，可以从您使用 Android Studio 创建的每个项目的根获取。

要使用包装器运行任务，请使用下列命令之一：

在 Windows 上：

gradlew task-name

在 Mac 或 Linux 上：

./gradlew task-name

要查看您的项目所有可用构建任务的列表，请执行 tasks：

gradlew tasks

附：

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All tasks runnable from root project

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Android tasks

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androidDependencies - Displays the Android dependencies of the project.

signingReport - Displays the signing info for each variant.

sourceSets - Prints out all the source sets defined in this project.

Build tasks

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assemble - Assembles all variants of all applications and secondary packages.

assembleAndroidTest - Assembles all the Test applications.

assembleDebug - Assembles all Debug builds.

assembleRelease - Assembles all Release builds.

build - Assembles and tests this project.

buildDependents - Assembles and tests this project and all projects that depend on it.

buildNeeded - Assembles and tests this project and all projects it depends on.

clean - Deletes the build directory.

cleanBuildCache - Deletes the build cache directory.

compileDebugAndroidTestSources

compileDebugSources

compileDebugUnitTestSources

compileReleaseSources

compileReleaseUnitTestSources

extractDebugAnnotations - Extracts Android annotations for the debug variant into the archive file

extractReleaseAnnotations - Extracts Android annotations for the release variant into the archive file

mockableAndroidJar - Creates a version of android.jar that's suitable for unit tests.

Build Setup tasks

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init - Initializes a new Gradle build. [incubating]

wrapper - Generates Gradle wrapper files. [incubating]

Help tasks

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buildEnvironment - Displays all buildscript dependencies declared in root project 'UsingDemosSample'.

components - Displays the components produced by root project 'UsingDemosSample'. [incubating]

dependencies - Displays all dependencies declared in root project 'UsingDemosSample'.

dependencyInsight - Displays the insight into a specific dependency in root project 'UsingDemosSample'.

dependentComponents - Displays the dependent components of components in root project 'UsingDemosSample'. [incubating]

help - Displays a help message.

model - Displays the configuration model of root project 'UsingDemosSample'. [incubating]

projects - Displays the sub-projects of root project 'UsingDemosSample'.

properties - Displays the properties of root project 'UsingDemosSample'.

tasks - Displays the tasks runnable from root project 'UsingDemosSample' (some of the displayed tasks may belong to subprojects).

Install tasks

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installDebug - Installs the Debug build.

installDebugAndroidTest - Installs the android (on device) tests for the Debug build.

uninstallAll - Uninstall all applications.

uninstallDebug - Uninstalls the Debug build.

uninstallDebugAndroidTest - Uninstalls the android (on device) tests for the Debug build.

uninstallRelease - Uninstalls the Release build.

Verification tasks

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check - Runs all checks.

connectedAndroidTest - Installs and runs instrumentation tests for all flavors on connected devices.

connectedCheck - Runs all device checks on currently connected devices.

connectedDebugAndroidTest - Installs and runs the tests for debug on connected devices.

deviceAndroidTest - Installs and runs instrumentation tests using all Device Providers.

deviceCheck - Runs all device checks using Device Providers and Test Servers.

lint - Runs lint on all variants.

lintDebug - Runs lint on the Debug build.

lintRelease - Runs lint on the Release build.

test - Run unit tests for all variants.

testDebugUnitTest - Run unit tests for the debug build.

testReleaseUnitTest - Run unit tests for the release build.

二、构建调试 APK

要想立即测试和调试应用，您可以构建调试 APK。调试 APK 通过 SDK 工具提供的调试密钥签署，并允许通过 adb 调试。

要构建调试 APK，请打开命令行，然后导航至项目目录的根 - 在 Android Studio 中，选择 View > Tool Windows > Terminal。要启动调试构建，请调用 assembleDebug 任务：

gradlew assembleDebug

这将在 project_name/module_name/build/outputs/apk/ 中创建一个名称为 module_name-debug.apk 的 APK。此文件已通过调试密钥签署，并与 zipalign 对齐，因此，您可以在设备上立即安装。

或者要构建 APK，并立即在运行的模拟器或连接的设备上安装，请改为调用 installDebug：

gradlew installDebug

上述任务名称中的“调试”部分仅仅是构建变体名称的骆驼拼写法版本，因此，可以使用您想要汇编或安装的任何构建变体替换。例如，如果您有“演示”产品风味，则可以过 assembleDemoDebug 任务构建调试版本。

要查看每个变体可用的所有构建和安装任务(包括卸载任务)，请运行 tasks 任务。